yOUNGSTERS
Cátia AlvesI,a, Sofia ArriagaII,b, Mariana MarquesII,III,IV,V,c,
Sónia SimõesII,d, Mariana LucasI,e
IInstituto Superior Miguel Torga. Porto, Portugal IIDepartamento de Investigação & Desenvolvimento.
Instituto Superior Miguel Torga. Centro de Estudos da População, Economia e Sociedade. Porto, Portugal
IIIDepartamento de Psicologia Médica. Faculdade de
Medicina. Universidade de Coimbra. Coimbra, Portugal
IVEscola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior. Rio Maior,
Portugal
VPolytechnic Institute of Leiria. Leiria, Portugal
Introduction: There are few studies comparing the
attachment quality to parents and peers in institutional- ized youngsters.
Objective: We intend to analyze the attachment levels to
mother and father separately and to peers in institutional- ized youngsters and explore if there are gender differences regarding the attachment dimensions.
Methods: Eighty institutionalized youngsters (mean
age=15,1; SD=2,02; boys n=45; 56,3%) answered some sociodemographic questions and filled in the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, which assesses three attach- ment dimensions: Trust, Communication and Alienation.
Results: Most institutionalized youngsters (mean time of
institutionalization = three years) continue to have contact with their family (n=72; 90%), which occurs in most of the cases, very often or often (n=44; 55,1%). There was a statistically significant difference between boys and girls concerning Alienation levels, with boys presenting higher levels of Alienation to the peers. Moreover, comparing Trust, Communication and Alienation levels between mother, father and peers there was also a statistically significant difference in the Alienation dimension, which showed to be higher regarding peers.
Conclusions: In this sample of institutionalized young-
sters there only seems to exist different attachment levels to the mother, father and peers regarding Alienation, which is higher concerning the peers. It might be possible that these youngsters, who still have a frequent contact with their family (and in average, with short time of institution- alization), might perceive themselves as being alienated/ not attached by to the pairs or might feel insecure in their relation with them.
Descriptors: Attachment. Institutionalized youngsters.
a [email protected] b [email protected] c [email protected] d [email protected] e [email protected]
PERCEPTION OF THREAT, STRESS, AND ANxIETy IN ATHLETES OF PORTUGUESE FOOTBALL CHAMPIONSHIPS
Luís RamosI,a, Sónia SimõesII,b, Helena Espírito-SantoII,c,
Mariana MarquesII,III,IV,V,d, Laura LemosII,e, Sofia ArriagaII,f,
Cátia AlvesI,g
IInstituto Superior Miguel Torga. Porto, Portugal IIDepartamento de Investigação & Desenvolvimento.
Instituto Superior Miguel Torga. Centro de Estudos da População, Economia e Sociedade. Porto, Portugal
IIIDepartamento de Psicologia Médica. Faculdade de
Medicina. Universidade de Coimbra. Coimbra, Portugal
IVEscola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior. Rio Maior,
Portugal
VPolytechnic Institute of Leiria. Leiria, Portugal
Introduction: In the field of sport activities the high fre-
quency of anxiety is a concern for the participants. Certain potentially threatening situations that contribute to stress and anxiety make athletes produce anxious responses, which affect their performance and balance.
Objective: We want to explore the impact of the percep-
tion of threat, stress and competitive anxiety in football players. We also want to verify if there are differences among these football players regarding age, formal edu- cation and professional status.
Methods: 192 football players, age ranging 13 to 39 years
(M±SD=23.30±6.07), participating in the Portuguese junior and senior championships were assessed with the Sport Anxiety Scale/SAS-2 (Cruz & Gomes, 2007), and the Cognitive Appraisal Scale in Sport Competition – Threat Perception/CASSC-TP (Cruz, 1996).
Results: Players revealed that the more threatening situa-
tions were “not reaching an important goal in their career”, “failing or making mistakes in crucial moments”, “not meeting the expectations of others”, and “not performing as desired”. The youngest players significantly presented higher levels of competitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, pre- occupation and problematic concentration. Players with lower formal education significantly revealed higher lev- els of competitive anxiety, and of somatic anxiety. The non-professional players significantly showed higher levels of somatic anxiety, and cognitive anxiety with problematic concentration. Finally, perception of threat and competi- tive anxiety were significantly and moderately correlated.
Conclusions: Psychotherapeutic interventions should target
younger, lower educated, and non-professional football players.
Descriptors: Stress. Anxiety. Threat perception. Football
players. a [email protected] b [email protected] c [email protected] d [email protected] e [email protected] f [email protected] g [email protected]
PRESCRIPTION OF ANTIBIOTICS By DENTISTS: A PILOT STUDy
Ana Sofia OliveiraI,a, Mara Pereira GuerreiroII,b
IFaculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa.
Lisboa, Portugal
IIInstituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz &
Escola Superior Enfermagem de Lisboa. Lisboa, Portugal
Introduction: Antibiotic resistance, primarily related to
the inappropriate use of antibiotics, jeopardises the abil- ity to effectively treat infectious diseases. Antibiotics are among the most frequent drugs prescribed by dentists.
Objective: To explore issues related to antibiotic prescribing
by dentists. This paper focuses on issues related to infor- mation needs in clinical practice and continuing education.
Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews with
14 purposively selected dentists. Interviews were audio- taped, subjected to written consent, and transcribed verba- tim. Data were analysed using the five-stage “Framework Approach”1 with the aid of the software WebQDA. Ethical approval was obtained.
Results: There were variations in the extent to which inter-
viewees reported patient-specific questions concerning anti- biotic prescribing, ranging from “rarely” to “sometimes”. A few dentists acknowledged uncertainty on whether anti- biotics were needed; when in doubt there was evidence of defensive prescribing. Analysis suggests that interviewees managed their clinical questions using four strategies: consulting bibliographic sources, following recommenda- tions of colleagues from other medical specialties, relying on other dentists or making use of their own experience. Consulting bibliographic sources emerged as the most common strategy to respond to patient-specific questions, both on a paper and on-line format. Two divergent views were offered pertaining continuing education on antibi- otic prescribing. Some interviewees showed awareness of its importance while others considered it unnecessary.
Conclusions: Lack of awareness on the judicious use of
antibiotics may influence dentists’ perceptions of patient- care information and education needs. A larger study is warranted on this topic, to inform the design of a multi- modal intervention to increase appropriateness of antibi- otic prescribing by dentists.
Descriptors: Antibiotic prescription; Dentist; Information;
Formation.
a [email protected] b [email protected]
RECONCILING OPERATIONAL AND