2. Theoretical Review
2.3 Functionalization of Graphene
2.3.2 Functionalization by Non-covalent Bonding
2.3.2.6 Graphene–Ligand Non-covalent Interaction
De acordo com os resultados e as limitações deste estudo, podemos concluir que: 1- Infraestruturas confeccionadas por tecnologia CAD/CAM obtiveram menor
desajuste vertical que aquelas fabricadas pelo método da fundição.
2- As infraestruturas em cobalto-cromo confeccionadas pelo método CAD/CAM obtiveram valores de desajuste vertical menor que as de zircônia.
3- Não houve diferenças entre os valores de desajuste vertical para infraestruturas fundidas pelo método convencional.
4- A tecnologia CAD/CAM não foi capaz de fornecer um melhor ajuste horizontal que a técnica da fundição.
5- A passividade das infraestruturas não foi influenciada pela técnica de fabricação e material utilizado.
6- É possível alcançar melhores níveis de precisão na fabricação de infraestruturas usando o método CAD/CAM.
63
REFERÊNCIAS
ABDUO, J. et al. Assessing the fit of implant fixed prostheses: a critical review. The
International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants, v. 25, n. 3, p. 506-515,
May-Jun 2010.
ABDUO, J. et al. Fit of screw-retained fixed implant frameworks fabricated by different methods: a systematic review. The International Journal of Prosthodontics, v. 24, n. 3, p. 207-220, May-Jun 2011a.
ABDUO, J. et al. A novel in vitro approach to assess the fit of implant frameworks.
Clinical Oral Implants Research, v. 22, n. 6, p. 658-663, Jun 2011b.
ABDUO, J. et al. A comparison of fit of CNC-milled titanium and zirconia frameworks to implants. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research, v. 14, p. e20-29, May 2012. Supplement 1.
ABDUO, J.; LYONS, K. Effect of vertical misfit on strain within screw-retained implant titanium and zirconia frameworks. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, v. 56, n. 2, p. 102-109, Apr 2012.
ABDUO, J.; SWAIN, M. Influence of vertical misfit of titanium and zirconia frameworks on peri-implant strain. The International Journal of Oral &
Maxillofacial Implants, v. 27, n. 3, p. 529-536, May-Jun 2012.
AL-AMLEH, B.; LYONS, K.; SWAIN, M. Clinical trials in zirconia: a systematic review. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, v. 37, n. 8, p. 641-652, Aug 2010.
AL-FADDA, S. A.; ZARB, G. A.; FINER, Y. A comparison of the accuracy of fit of 2 methods for fabricating implant-prosthodontic frameworks. The International Journal
of Prosthodontics, v. 20, n. 2, p. 125-131, Mar-Apr 2007.
ALMASRI, R. et al. Volumetric misfit in CAD/CAM and cast implant frameworks: a university laboratory study. Journal of Prosthodontics: Official Journal of the
American College of Prosthodontists, v. 20, n. 4, p. 267-274, Jun 2011.
BARBOSA, G. A. et al. Relation between implant/abutment vertical misfit and torque loss of abutment screws. Brazilian Dental Journal, v. 19, n. 4, p. 358-363, 2008.
BARBOSA, G. A. et al. Implant/abutment vertical misfit of one-piece cast frameworks made with different materials. Brazilian Dental Journal, v. 21, n. 6, p. 515-519, 2010. BARBOSA, G. A. et al. Effect of different torque levels on the implant/abutment
interface using castable “UCLA” abutments. Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences, v. 4,
n. 15, p. 919-922, 2005.
BARBOSA, G. A. et al. Prosthetic laboratory influence on the vertical misfit at the implant/UCLA abutment interface. Brazilian Dental Journal, v. 18, n. 2, p. 139-143, 2007a.
64
BARBOSA, G. A. S. et al. Estudo comparativo dos métodos de avaliação do desajuste vertical na interface pilar/implante. Ciência Odontológica Brasileira, v. 1, n. 10, p. 84- 89, 2007b.
BEUER, F.; SCHWEIGER, J.; EDELHOFF, D. Digital dentistry: an overview of recent developments for CAD/CAM generated restorations. British Dental Journal, v. 204, n. 9, p. 505-511, May 10 2008.
BYRNE, D. et al. The fit of cast and premachined implant abutments. The Journal of
Prosthetic Dentistry, v. 80, n. 2, p. 184-192, Aug 1998.
CALLEGARI-JAQUES, S. M. Bioestatística: princípios e aplicações. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2003.
CAMARGOS G. V. et al. Clinical outcomes of single dental implants with external connections: results after 2 to 13 years. The International Journal of Oral &
Maxillofacial Implants, v. 27, n. 4, p. 935-944, Jul 2012.
CANULLO, L. et al. Platform switching and marginal bone-level alterations: the results of a randomized-controlled trial. Clinical Oral Implants Research, v. 21, n. 1, p. 115- 121, Jan 2010.
CAROTENUTO, G. et al. Characterization of the interface between prefabricated gold copings and cast dental alloy in implant restorations. Clinical Oral Implants Research, v. 10, n. 2, p. 131-138, Apr 1999.
CARR, A. B.; BRUNSKI, J. B.; HURLEY, E. Effects of fabrication, finishing, and polishing procedures on preload in prostheses using conventional "gold' and plastic cylinders. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants, v. 11, n. 5, p. 589-598, Sep-Oct 1996.
CHANG, T. L. et al. Dimensional accuracy analysis of implant framework castings from 2 casting systems. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial
Implants, v. 20, n. 5, p. 720-725, Sep-Oct 2005.
COSTA, H. M. et al. Evaluation of the adaptation interface of one-piece implant- supported superstructures obtained in Ni-Cr-Ti and Pd-Ag alloys. Brazilian Dental
Journal, v. 14, n. 3, p. 197-202, 2003.
DRAGO, C.; HOWELL, K. Concepts for designing and fabricating metal implant frameworks for hybrid implant prostheses. Journal of Prosthodontics: Official
Journal of the American College of Prosthodontists, v. 21, n. 5, p. 413-424, Jul 2012.
DRAGO, C. et al. Volumetric determination of the amount of misfit in CAD/CAM and cast implant frameworks: a multicenter laboratory study. The International Journal of
65 DRAGO, C. J. Two new clinical/laboratory protocols for CAD/CAM implant
restorations. Journal of the American Dental Association, v. 137, n. 6, p. 794-800, Jun 2006.
ELIASSON, A. et al. The precision of fit of milled titanium implant frameworks (I- Bridge) in the edentulous jaw. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research, v. 12, n. 2, p. 81-90, Jun 2010.
GUESS, P. C.; ATT, W.; STRUB, J. R. Zirconia in fixed implant prosthodontics.
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research, v. 14, n. 5, p. 633-645, Dec 2010.
HAMMERLE, C. H. et al. Consensus statements and recommended clinical procedures regarding computer-assisted implant dentistry. The International Journal of Oral &
Maxillofacial Implants, v. 24, p. 126-131, 2009. Supplement.
HARDER, S.; KERN, M. Survival and complications of computer aided-designing and computer-aided manufacturing vs. conventionally fabricated implant-supported
reconstructions: a systematic review. Clinical Oral Implants Research, v. 20, p. 48- 54, Sep 2009. Supplement 4.
HEDKVIST, L.; MATTSSON, T.; HELLDEN, L. B. Clinical performance of a method for the fabrication of implant-supported precisely fitting titanium frameworks: a
retrospective 5- to 8-year clinical follow-up study. Clinical Implant Dentistry and
Related Research, v. 6, n. 3, p. 174-180, 2004.
HJALMARSSON, L. et al. Precision of fit to implants: a comparison of Cresco and Procera(R) implant bridge frameworks. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related
Research, v. 12, n. 4, p. 271-280, Dec 2010.
JEMT, T.; BACK, T.; PETERSSON, A. Precision of CNC-milled titanium frameworks for implant treatment in the edentulous jaw. The International Journal of
Prosthodontics, v. 12, n. 3, p. 209-215, May-Jun 1999.
KAN, J. Y. et al. Clinical methods for evaluating implant framework fit. The Journal
of Prosthetic Dentistry, v. 81, n. 1, p. 7-13, Jan 1999.
KANO, S. C. et al. Effect of casting procedures on screw loosening in UCLA-type abutments. Journal of Prosthodontics: Official Journal of the American College of
Prosthodontists, v. 15, n. 2, p. 77-81, Mar-Apr 2006.
KANO, S. C. et al. The effect of casting procedures on rotational misfit in castable abutments. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants, v. 22, n. 4, p. 575-579, Jul-Aug 2007.
KANO, S. C. et al. Use of base metal casting alloys for implant framework: marginal accuracy analysis. Journal of Applied Oral Science: Revista FOB, v. 12, n. 4, p. 337- 343, Dec 2004.
66 KAPOS, T. et al. Computer-aided design and computer-assisted manufacturing in prosthetic implant dentistry. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial
implants, v. 24, p. 110-117, 2009. Supplement.
KARELLOS, N. D. et al. A simplified method for measuring photomicrographs.
Implant Dentistry, v. 5, n. 3, p. 170-173, Fall 1996.
KARL, M.; TAYLOR, T. D. Effect of material selection on the passivity of fit of implant-supported restorations created with computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacture. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants, v. 26, n. 4, p. 739-745, Jul-Aug 2011.
KATSOULIS, J. et al. Precision of fit of implant-supported screw-retained 10-unit computer-aided-designed and computer-aided-manufactured frameworks made from zirconium dioxide and titanium: an in vitro study. Clinical Oral Implants Research, Oct 2012. (Epub ahead of print).
KOHORST, P. et al. Marginal accuracy of four-unit zirconia fixed dental prostheses fabricated using different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing systems. European Journal of Oral Sciences, v. 117, n. 3, p. 319-325, Jun 2009. KOLLAR, A. et al. Zirconia for teeth and implants: a case series. The International
Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry, v. 28, n. 5, p. 479-487, Oct 2008.
KUNII, J. et al. Effect of sintering on the marginal and internal fit of CAD/CAM- fabricated zirconia frameworks. Dental Materials Journal, v. 26, n. 6, p. 820-826, Nov 2007.
MANICONE, P. F.; ROSSI IOMMETTI, P.; RAFFAELLI, L. An overview of zirconia ceramics: basic properties and clinical applications. Journal of Dentistry, v. 35, n. 11, p. 819-826, Nov 2007.
MIYAZAKI, T.; HOTTA, Y. CAD/CAM systems available for the fabrication of crown and bridge restorations. Australian Dental Journal, v. 56, p. 97-106, Jun 2011.
Supplement 1.
NEVES, F. D. et al. Comparison of implant-abutment interface misfits after casting and soldering procedures. The Journal of Oral Implantology, Jan 2012. (Epub ahead of print).
ORTORP, A. et al. Comparisons of precision of fit between cast and CNC-milled titanium implant frameworks for the edentulous mandible. The International Journal
of Prosthodontics, v. 16, n. 2, p. 194-200, Mar-Apr 2003.
ORTORP, A. et al. The fit of cobalt-chromium three-unit fixed dental prostheses fabricated with four different techniques: a comparative in vitro study. Dental
materials: Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials, v. 27, n. 4, p.
67 RIEDY, S. J.; LANG, B. R.; LANG, B. E. Fit of implant frameworks fabricated by different techniques. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, v. 78, n. 6, p. 596-604, Dec 1997.
SCHIFFLEGER, B. E. et al. Comparison of accuracy of multiunit one-piece castings.
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, v. 54, n. 6, p. 770-776, Dec 1985.
SILVA, T. B. et al. Influence of laser-welding and electroerosion on passive fit of implant-supported prosthesis. Stomatologija, v. 10, n. 3, p. 96-100, 2008.
SOUSA, S. A. et al. Passive fit of frameworks in titanium and palladium-silver alloy submitted the laser welding. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, v. 35, n. 2, p. 123-127, Feb 2008.
STIMMELMAYR, M. et al. Digital evaluation of the reproducibility of implant scanbody fit--an in vitro study. Clinical Oral Investigations, v. 16, n. 3, p. 851-856, Jun 2012.
TAKAHASHI, T.; GUNNE, J. Fit of implant frameworks: an in vitro comparison between two fabrication techniques. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, v. 89, n. 3, p. 256-260, Mar 2003.
TORRES, E. M. et al. Correlation between vertical misfits and stresses transmitted to implants from metal frameworks. Journal of Biomechanics, v. 44, n. 9, p. 1735-1739, Jun 2011.
TORRES, E. M. et al. The effect of commercially pure titanium and alternative dental alloys on the marginal fit of one-piece cast implant frameworks. Journal of Dentistry, v. 35, n. 10, p. 800-805, Oct 2007.
WATANABE, F. et al. Analysis of stress distribution in a screw-retained implant prosthesis. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants, v. 15, n. 2, p. 209-218, Mar-Apr 2000.
YAMAMOTO, E. et al. Accuracy of four transfer impression techniques for dental implants: a scanning electron microscopic analysis. The International Journal of Oral
& Maxillofacial Implants, v. 25, n. 6, p. 1115-1124, Nov-Dec 2010.
ZAGHLOUL, H. H.; YOUNIS, J. F. Marginal fit of implant-supported all-ceramic zirconia frameworks. The Journal of Oral Implantology, Mar 2012. (Epub ahead of print).