LRTAP-06-72.pdf (826.5Kb)

NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR AIR RESEARCH LRTAP- 6/72 19th.July, 1972

Revised, 25 June 1974.

REPORTING AND DISTRIBUTION OF RESULTS 1 INTRODUCTION

This document gives instructions and recommendations for the collection of primary data from the ground sampling stations and the chemical analysis of the samples in the Pilot Measuring Phase of the LRTAP programme, and for the reporting of data to the Central Coordin~tin~ Unit (CCU).

2 PRIMARY DATA

The following data should be recorded for each sample:

2.1. Operation_of_sampling_stations Air_samples.

- Date and hour of sample change. Either the time of

·starting, the sampling period, or both the start of the sampling and the time of the sample collection should be given.

- Gas meter reading, before and after, or sampling rate (flow meter reading) at the beginning and at the end of the sampling period.

- The temperature of the air in the gas meter or flow meter.

the amount of absorption solution left in the bubbler at the end of the sampling period.

Precipitation_samples:

- Date and hour of sample collection as above - Volume in milliliters of sample collected

- Millimeters of precipitation from the ordinary precipitation gauge.

- 2 - 2.2. Chemical_analysis

Air_samples:

- Concentration of sulphate in the hydrogen peroxide absorption solution expressed as µg of so

2 per milliliter.

- Amount of sulphate in impregnated standa·ro filters giving the same XRF intensity as the sam ple filter.

- Ratio of the XRF intensity (minus blank counts) from

the back side of the filter to the measured XRF intensity from the front of the sample filter.

Precipitation_samples:

- pH of the sample

Concentration of strong acid in microequivalents per litre.

- Concentration of sulphate in milligrams of s0 4

2- per litre.

Concentration of other cations or anions if determined, in milligrams per litre.

2.3. Registration_of_the_primary_data

The above data should be readily available to the CCU upon request. A form which has been used for the collection of primary data in the preparatory phase of the measuring programme in Norway is enclosed as an example of recording of primary data. This may be adaptable for use in some of the- participating countries.

3 REPORTING OF DATA TO THE

·ecu.

3.1. Time schedule

All samples for each month should be analysed and the results sent to the CC~ Norwegian Institute for Air Research, P.O. Box 15, N-2007 Kjeller, within the 20th of the following month, in order to facilitate the

preparation of the monthly survey of the results by the

ecu.

- 3 - 3.2. Reporting_form

A proposed standard form for the reporting of the results to the CCU is enclosed together with a brief explanation of the symbols.

This form should be followed as closely as possible in order to simplify the data handling. It is particularly important that the same concentration units are used by the participants in their reports to the CCU, and that the data are given in the same logical order.

The number of decimals included in the exam ple should be taken as normative.

4 DISTRIBUTION OF RESULTS

The CPU will distribute a report whithin 2-4 weeks from receiving the results from the participants. This will contain monthly

concentrations of the individual constituents determined in the air and precipitation samples. This will be given for all stations and all days in the month on a matrix form with the concentration of one component for all stations and each day in the month on one page.

LRTAP- 6/72

APPENDIX 1

FORM FOR RECORDING OF PRIMA RY DATA

Explanations_of_the_columns:

Date: From - to. Hour of sam ple change is 0700 GMT on all stations.

PUMP No: A sequential air sampler with 8 individual pumps is being used.

SAMPLING RATE: A rotameter-type flow meter is used. The column s labeled "Corr" is for correction of the measured values according to calibration figures for the flowmeter.

SAMPLE WEIGHT: The amount of absorption liquid is left in the bubblers at the end of the sampling period is measured by weighing of the bottles.

µg S02=·· Concentration per cm3

of absorption solution, amount of S02 collected, and concentration per cubic metre of

· the air sample.

NOTES: This column is for observations made at the sampling station with respect to the functioning of the sampling equipment etc.

(XRF): This column is not used because the X-ray fluorescence determinations are made on a monthly basis.

DATE: Start of the sampling period AMOUNT OF PRECIPITATION:

ML: Volume of sample collected in the precipitation sampler MM: Millimeters of precipitation from a precipitation gauge.

WIND DIRECTION: For internal use (in order to judge differences in the -precipitation figures).

STRONG ACID: µeq/1 concentration in microequivalents per litre.

- 2 -

LRTAP 6/72 Appendix

i

mg/1: Concentrations of the indicated cations and anions in Milligrams per litre.

(Corr. SO!-'): Concentration of sulphate not due to sea-spray, deduced from the measured sulphate concentration and the sodium ormagnesium contentrations.

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LRTAP- 6/72

APPENDIX 2

FORM FOR THE MONTHLY REPORTS TO THE

ecu.

Symbols_and_units:

Station code:

Start sampling: Day, month, year and hour of the start of the sampling period. Time basis: GMT.

ml Volume in ml of the collected precipitation sample.

mm(i)

mm( 2)

Na , mg/1 +

, mg/1

pH

M g ++ 'mg /1

Country's identification letter, number of the station in the national network.

Amount of precipitation in millimeters

from the volume of the precipitation sample.

Amount of precipitation in millimeters from the official precipitation gauge.

Concentration of sodium in the precipitation +I .

sample, mg Na litre.

Concentration of sulphate as mg

so

4

litre in the precipitation sample.

per

pH in the precipitation sample.

Concentration of strong acids, expressed as microequivalents per litre. (Positive or negative.)

Concentration of magnesium in precipitation, M ⁺⁺ 1·

as mg g per itre.

LRTAP- 6/72 Appendix 2

Concentration of sulphur dioxide in air, expressed as µg

so

2 per cubic metre.

Concentration of particulate sulphate

in air as determined by x-ray fluoreseence according to the procedure given in LRTAP 4/72, without taking account of the

concentration profile effect.

Concentration of particulate sulphate in air as calculated from

so

help of experimentally determined correction factors.

Unit: µg S0

4 per cubic metre.

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LRTAP- 6/72

. APPENDIX 2

FORM FOR THE MONTHLY REPORTS TO THE CPU

Symbols_and_units:

DATE:

HOUR:

MM ( 1):

MM ( 2):

PH:

H+:

NA and MG:.

Day, month and year of the start of the sampling period.

Hour (GMT) of starting the sampling period.

Amount of precipitation in millimeters from

the volume of the collected precipitation sample.

Amount of precipitation in millimeters from the official precipitation gauge.

pH of the precipitation sample.

Concentration of strong acid, expressed in micro- equivalents per litre.

( ) :

SO4:

Concentrations of sodium and magnesium in mg Na and mg Mg per litre.

Reserved for the concentrations of other cations which may have been determined in the precipitation sample.

Concentration of sulphate as mg

so

4

2- per litre in the precipitation sample.

( ): Reserved for concentrations of other anions.

SO2: Concentration of sulphur dioxide in air, expressed as µg SO

2 per cubic metre.

SO4XRF: Concentration of particulate sulphate in air as determined by x-ray fluorescence according to the procedure given in LRTAP 4/72, without taking account of the concentration profile effect.

IB/IF Ratio of x-ray fluorescence intensities IB/IF according to LRTAP 4/72.

SO4CORR: Concentration of particulate sulphate in the air

calculated from SO4XRF with the help of experimentally determined correction factors.

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so

4

2- per cubic metre.

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