A Longitudinal Study of E-Commerce Diversity in Europe

Our data suggest that a majority of jihadis in Europe still prefer to work in groups and carry out bomb attacks, but that an increasing number resort to single actor terrorism

311 Nabil Abu-Stayt, “Egypt's islamic jihad group rises,” Al-Sharq Al-Awsat 06 February 2000, via FBIS. 312 Muhammad al-Shafi, “Al-Zawahiri's Secret Papers--Al-Jihad

The combined effect of these measures may well be a decline in jihadi activity in the short run, i.e., in the next two to five years. There are already signs that this is

The difference is illustrated in 4.23, and as we see, it is not that large. The effect of applying various wall treatments is of course most apparent in the proximity of the wall.

3 The definition of total defence reads: “The modernised total defence concept encompasses mutual support and cooperation between the Norwegian Armed Forces and civil society in

As part of enhancing the EU’s role in both civilian and military crisis management operations, the EU therefore elaborated on the CMCO concept as an internal measure for

3.1 Evolution of costs of defence 3.1.1 Measurement unit 3.1.2 Base price index 3.2 Operating cost growth and investment cost escalation 3.3 Intra- and intergenerational operating

This report documents the experiences and lessons from the deployment of operational analysts to Afghanistan with the Norwegian Armed Forces, with regard to the concept, the main