Looking at a broad set of the relevant academic literature, we could not find other studies that are comparing river plastic extraction. There is however an increasing literature that address the harm of plastic, and importance for taking action. Further there are an increasing number of studies of plastic in the aquatic environments, showing the topic is gaining more and more momentum. Our thesis has analysed many aspects of river waste extraction, we will conclude our findings by answering each of the four goals in order.
The relation between the value chain of recycling and the various elements involved in plastic recovery were presented as the full recycling system. This system was shown to be of a dynamic complex nature. The economic analysis was a fragment of this system. We recommend that a government looking for optimal strategic waste management should
acquire the necessary data to perform similar analysis on the full recycling system. By performing complex analysis, it would increase the reliability of the data, for finding optimal economic measures. analysing on the complex system, no variables are treated as exogenous.
Our analysis of Brasilia highlights a need for improved data from all parties of the recycling system to create any meaningful quantitative output data of measures. Improved data
collection mechanisms should be implemented across the value chain of recycling. It is also recommended that the city open up the model and give Lake Paranoá an economic status.
The current approach with the lake as a non-economic reservoir, will continue to push the environmental ceiling due to reinforced feedback loops.
Our research combined financial and operational analysis of two solutions extracting plastic from rivers. The findings emphasized a need for collaboration between private actor and public sector. The private sector is in need of support to reach economic feasible plastic extraction projects. The business analysis was done by the use of NPV and estimations of breakeven quantity to benchmark the quality of the project in financial measures. The analysis highlighted the need for governmental interference. The market has a high level of risk, and the uncertain climate make it difficult for a private actor to enter. We analysed a governmental subsidization case in our performed social analysis. The benefit of investing in this market for the government were untraditional financial factors. A government should have a willingness to pay for decreased environmental harm, and by which turn a negative NPV project into a positive. Their willingness will depend on governmental characteristics and objectives. The viability should be considered by other objectives than only financial entities, since the project is subject to legal constraints, competitive advantage, and future growth (Stewart & Mohamed, 2002). We discussed the impacts of having plastic in our aquatic environment, for the above stated reasons we have not try to quantify nature. The government’s willingness to pay for the protection of nature is a question for other disciplines.
The plastic waste market in Brasilia, like most other places, are suffering under market failure. This is shown in the levels of mismanaged plastic that end up in our environment. We argue there is room for better collaboration across private and public institutions, to improve the current market. It is important that an evaluation of the effectiveness of current policies and potential market instruments are performed to better understand how to increase support
relevant stakeholder to establish a market. It is important that policy makers consider alternative market instruments to increase the balancing feedback loops by lowering market entry threshold and improving R&D intensity support. The current tax reduction measures taken by the government of Brasilia have been shown to be too little. It should be facilitated a better collaboration between the waste management system and the nations tech- and
production industries. This could create new developing industry that would work towards socioeconomic goals through innovation. Local authorities should make a standpoint towards waste collection development. Better publicly stated aims of increased recycling and reduced environmental harm, would likely improve long-term effects. Corporations and businesses should think more holistically with a corporate social responsibility perspective. And the government has to facilitate so these behaviours can be done without too high effort. And individuals have to increase their awareness of waste handling and take an active part in the collaboration.
8.1. FUTURE OF SYSTEM AND RESEARCH
Research on the economics of commercially available technologies is needed to give a broader knowledge available development of the waste collection. Research on risk factors for an extraction system company to better understand capital cost and limit the asymmetric information. Impact analysis of chosen economic instruments for waste handling, to get a better understanding of effective measure. It includes feasibility studies of the efficiency of equipment, quantity, suitable circumstances, and the timeline for target effect. Establish standard data collection and categorization of systems will improve evaluation for decision-makers. Publicity of research and data of waste management on a national and regional level will stimulate a market with a mixture of governmental and private actors. A governmental data collection of waste patterns is needed for a better and well-performed analysis.