The different parking rules that apply to petrol/diesel and electric cars can shift the use of the car to both public transport and the use of an electric car for commuting. One aspect of public transport services that is almost evenly distributed among the selected areas is.
Selected policy measures
Structure of the report
However, descriptions of the alternatives must be credible, i.e. attributes should refer to the characteristics of the different alternatives (eg modes) available to each respondent. A choice set represents the alternatives, described by the attributes of the alternatives, from which the respondent should choose.
Structure of the questionnaire
Commuters to work at Alna: They do not have good access to public transport both at home and at work. Commuters to work at Sentrum: They have a higher than average income and more cars in their household.
Mode of travel to work
Exploratory factor analysis is used in the work presented here, meaning that we seek a minimal number of hypothetical factors (variables) that account for the observed covariation between the observed variables. We draw on collected socio-economic data (observed), as well as psychometric data (data on attitudes, habits, etc.) to explore the underlying "factors" that explain travelers. Those who are not satisfied with public transport services (under Factor 1) and those who like the car (Factor 3).
While income is an observed variable in Factor 3 (those who like the car), neither education nor gender is returned as an explanatory variable in this analysis.
Telework
Electric car
Estimations of the pooled SP data
A decrease in the frequency of public transport services results in 0.6 days more teleworking per month. An increase in the number of transfers results in 3.7 days more teleworking per month. Refuel time seems to be more important for a main car than for the second El car in a household, evidenced by the greater willingness to accept longer refuel time.
WTA for Refueling time extension (in 1000 NOK/hour) 12,800 WTP to improve the depreciation of an electric car compared to a conventional car in 1000 NOK) 0.003 WTP represents willingness to pay, WTA represents willingness to accept . WTA for longer fueling time (in 1000 NOK/hour) 14,627 WTP to improve the depreciation of an electric car compared to a conventional car in 1000 NOK) 0.003 WTP stands for willingness to pay, WTA stands for willingness to accept.
Recommended Policies: Alna – Linderud
The calculation of the impacts of a policy measure is usually based on the calculation of the impacts of the policy measure on demand, i.e. the elasticity value. As an example, we can calculate the impacts of an increase in parking costs on the shares of modes of use with a demand model such as the estimated model presented in Table 10. Many respondents stated that these modes are not an alternative to their commute.
The most effective will be the availability of public transport combined with a policy of parking restrictions and an increase in parking costs. Passenger profiles in Alna - Linderud show that El car is a potentially attractive solution, especially if priority local policies, namely parking policies, are enforced.
Recommended Policies: Blindern
Increase in TW with increase in PT fee, TW days per month/NOK * Decrease in TW with increase in frequency, TW days per month/minute * Increase in TW with increase in Transfer, TW days per month/transfer * COUNTER WORK: Car . Increase in TW with increase in parking costs, TW days per month/NOK 0.15 Increase in TW with increase in parking distance, TW days per month/km 0.21 Increase in TW with increase in variable car costs, TW days per month/NOK 0.16 WTP for increase in parking costs with decrease in parking distance, 100 NOK/km 1.21 WTP stands for willingness to pay, TW stands for telework. The commuters to Blindern have a greater propensity to work remotely with an increase in parking restrictions and increase in car variable costs (see Table 15).
TW increase with PT rate increase, TW days per month/NOK 1.11 TW decrease with frequency increase, TW days per month/minute 0.43 TW increase with transfer increase, TW days per month/transfer 3.66 TELEPUNA: Car. Increase in TW with increase in parking cost, TW days per month/NOK 0.31 Increase in TW with increase in parking distance, TW days per month/km 0.29 Increase in TW with increase in variable car cost, TW days per month/NOK 0.22 WTP for increasing parking cost with decreasing parking distance, NOK 100/km 1.28 WTP means willingness to pay, TW stay for remote work.
Recommended Policies: Nydalen
Estimates related to public transport services as well as those related to parking policies are like estimates derived from aggregated data. Park and Ride can address this problem, given good access to public transport to work. Commuters to Nydalen have a higher propensity to telecommute with an increase in parking restrictions and an increase in the car.
Increase in TW with increase in PT fee, TW days per month/NOK 1.31 Decrease in TW with increase in frequency, TW days per month/minute 0.49 Increase in TW with increase in Transfer, TW days per month/transfer 3 ,27 COUNTING WORK: Car. Increase in TW with increase in parking costs, TW days per month/NOK 0.27 Increase in TW with increase in parking distance, TW days per month/km 0.31 Increase in TW with increase in variable car costs, TW days per month/NOK 0, 22 WTP for increase in parking costs with decrease in parking distance, 100 NOK/km 1.36 WTP stands for willingness to pay, TW stands for telework.
Recommended Policies: Sentrum
However, their trade-offs between telework and public transport characteristics are slightly lower than average (see Table 13). These commuters have a higher willingness to pay for parking closer to their work than average. Promotion of El motor at Center can be improved by the provision of preferential local policies, especially parking policies.
Increase in TW with increase in PT fee, TW days per month/NOK 0.91 Decrease in TW with increase in frequency, TW days per month/minute 0.51 Increase in TW with increase in Transfer, TW days per month/transfer 4.91. Increase in TW with increase in parking costs, TW days per month/NOK 0.17 Increase in TW with increasing parking distance, TW days per month/km 0.19 Increase in TW with increase in variable car costs, TW days per month/NOK 0.23 WTP for increase in parking costs with decrease in parking distance, NOK 100/km 1.29 WTP stands for willingness to pay, TW stands for telecommuting.
Recommended Policies: Fornebu
Increase in TW with increase in PT fee, TW days per month/NOK 1.18 Decrease in TW with increase in frequency, TW days per month/minute 0.60 Increase in TW with increase in Transfer, TW days per month/transfer 6.01. Increase in TW with increase in parking costs, TW days per month/NOK 0.36 Increase in TW with increasing parking distance, TW days per month/km 0.33 Increase in TW with increase in variable car costs, TW days per month/NOK 0.30 WTP for increase in parking costs with decrease in parking distance, NOK 100/km 1.35 WTP stands for willingness to pay, TW stands for telecommuting. The choices in this experiment are "Car", "Existing public transport", "A new subway line" and "A new ferry line".
Travel time on the new subway and the new ferry line was based on travel time by public transport. The derived values of travel time savings (VOT) for car and public transport for Fornebu are.
Recommended Policies: Ahus
They also have a high value for reducing access time to public transport as well as the frequency of service and transfer. The provision of adequate public transport service together with parking policies and provision of cycling infrastructure and facilities can redirect cars to public transport and cycling. Most commuters to Ahus do not have a possibility to work remotely, most likely due to their work specialties.
TW increase with PT fee increase, TW days per month/NOK * TW decrease with frequency increase, TW days per month/minute * TW increase with transfer increase, TW days per month/transfer. Increase in TW by increasing parking costs, TW days per month/NOK * Increase in TW by increasing parking distance, TW days per month/km * Increase in TW by increasing variable car costs, TW days per month/NOK * WTP for increasing parking costs by decreasing parking distances, NOK 100/km * WTP means willingness to pay, TW means telecommuting.
Recommended Policies: Summary
This policy will divert car travelers to other modes of travel, especially by public transport and when the travel distance allows for cycling and walking. However, this policy should be accompanied by improvements in public transport services in the peripheral areas, especially for Ahus and Alna (see Table 34) and the provision of bicycle lanes, especially for Ahus (see Table 35). One aspect of public transport services that is almost equally divided between the selected areas is 'seat availability'.
Drivers commute to work during rush hour, when public transport is at its busiest, and they value seat availability almost equally. While central areas have, e.g. Blindern and Sentrum, well accessible by public transport, outlying areas benefit from improvements in public transport services.
Questionnaire
SP2_TASK1 Gitt situasjonen nedenfor, hvilket av disse transportmidlene ville du valgt for din forretningsreise. svar SPVERSION_2.A.1 svar TIDREISE.A.1 svar ANTKM.A.1 svar TIDREISE.A.2. SP3_PT_TASK1 Hvilket av alternativene nedenfor vil du ha. svar fra SPVERSION_4.A.1 svar fra TIDREISE.A.2. SP3_PT_TASK2 Hvilket av alternativene nedenfor vil du ha. svar fra SPVERSION_4.A.1 svar fra TIDREISE.A.2.
SP3_PT_TASK4 Hvilket av alternativene nedenfor vil du ha. svar fra SPVERSION_4.A.1 svar fra TIDREISE.A.2. SP3_PT_TASK5 Hvilket av alternativene nedenfor vil du ha. svar fra SPVERSION_4.A.1 svar fra TIDREISE.A.2. SP3_PT_TASK6 Hvilket av alternativene nedenfor vil du ha. svar fra SPVERSION_4.A.1 svar fra TIDREISE.A.2.
Hvis du skulle kjøpe en bil som er 2 år eller yngre som den andre bilen i familien din, hvilken av følgende biler ville du valgt? svar fra SPVERSION_5.A.1 svar fra NUMBIL.A svar fra BILTYPARB.A. F:\replacement_typen.a=1).
