L.N. Bocharov, V.P. Shuntov, E.P. Dulepova (1.263Mb)

(1)

Modern status and objectives of ecosystematic research into biological resources of the Russian

Far-Eastern seas.

L.N. Bocharov, V.P. Shuntov, E.P. Dulepova

(TINRO-Centre, Vladivostok, Russia)

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Basic directions of research activities

• Investigation of pelagic and bottom

communities including qualitative and quantitative characters for all species

• Investigation of trophic relationships

• Estimation of bioproductivity within

each trophic level of plankton, nekton,

benthos

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Plankton communities

Benthos communities

Feeding habits of fishes and

invertebrates

Research activity

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140 145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 175 170 40

45 50 55 60 65

I III II

IV V VI VII

VIII X IX

XI XII

XIII

1-4 5

6 7 8 9

10 II I

IV V

VI VII

VIII X IX

XI

XII XIII

III IV

200 Boundaries and numbers of biostatistical regions in the Okhotsk, Bering seas, and adjacent waters of the north

Pacific Ocean

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Bering Sea

1984-2001

31 large scale expeditions 6552 trawlings

Okhotsk Sea

- 1982-2002

48 large scale expeditions 10370 trawlings

Japan Sea

- 1981-2002

92 large scale expeditions 12177 trawlings

Pacific ocean

1980-2002 126 large scale

expeditions

23780 trawlings

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Total biomass of nekton (fish, cephalopods and

crustaceans)

Pisces+Cyclostomata+

Cephalopoda+Decapoda in the pelagic zone

for all seasons.

Data are averaged over 1980-2003

5395

31705

2504 3068

432 1239631297 1292012095 15989 4485

53065 10074

36737 6086 16592 14363 2923 3022 9517 11140616558 33519328484243855779 5635024755

2158 2016011799 3772 10967 6001 8330 6246 1362265823 26058 8328 1385372957 41705

2478 7128 3984 16583 8893 45761 1211341400 5413 8851 1402219557 20406 7669 1105754771 43054

2849 10116243301974132454 123521663013825 760 5291 5026 4491 183511774314351 88453

7637 1228 701 1740 1214 1445 2884 1041 6910 5389 34366 62248

4088 2949 1436 704 1045 445 2126 815 10015 3445 11601 26975

6999 4349 3332 931 646 1334 1009 1406 4049 2306 6725 30316

2575

116592860

69

13771 8155

800 14701731 10542 4196 6864

13145 86759

17003 16994535

4319 3343

22012094 9808

3666237214940

702

802 545 2003 450

2652

6788 2423

60652 1825

75

86347

38606

25908 1871

2515 1619 1675 1168 1002 895 2382 1249 1907 2980

19041 3357 1493 1196 1514 4553 1452 1602 2394

7631 439431124

3088 2757 963

499732033 2296 1431 648 987 1333 1022 1623 1774 940 1530

3787 1156 999 2437 1477 3734 878 2402 3915 1646

553916721969 1148 12968 2966 1372 1157 961

2602 1144 1602 2715 1779 1396

2110

20 2745 151 6463 11321 28332

1166018970

11860

311

147

223 N

E W

S

100 0 100 200 300 400 500 êèëî ì åòðû

êã / êâ.êì 20 - 1168 1196 - 1969 2003 - 3068 3088 - 6725 6788 - 12920 12968 - 30316 31124 - 111406

Áèî ì àññà

Ñëî é: Âñÿ ï åëàãèàëü Ñåçî í : Âñå ñåçî í û

Ãî äû: 1980 - 2003

Âåñü í åêòî í

44° 44°

45° 45°

46° 46°

47° 47°

48° 48°

49° 49°

50° 50°

51° 51°

52° 52°

53° 53°

54° 54°

55° 55°

56° 56°

57° 57°

58° 58°

59° 59°

60° 60°

61° 61°

136°

138°

140°

142°

144°

146°

148°

150°

152°

154°

156°

158°

160°

162°

Total nekton

Kg per km ²

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Catch ^:

historical maximum in 1988 – 5 million tons

Biomass ^:

fish and large invertebrates -90-100 million tons macrobenthos – 408 million tons

meso- and macroplankton -1206 million tons

Number ^:

whales -100-120 thousand dolphins – 250 thousand sea birds – 40-50 million

Biomass of basic components of the Russian Far-

Eastern ecosystems during 1980-s

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Periods of ecosystematic changes in the Russian Far-Eastern Seas

• 1 – early 1990-s. Decrease in total biomass of fish in the pelagic zone (drastic drop in

abundance of Japanese sardine and 3-4-fold decrease of walleye pollock abundance) and

increase in abundance of predatory zooplankton (up to 50-60% of the meso- and macroplankton total biomass)

• 2 – late 1990-s. Biomass of fish, including bottom fish, continues to decrease, while

zooplankton communities becomes stable and

acquires characters typical for 1980-s.

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Уд. Показатель Водный объект показатель, превышения

долл./м ³ *10 ^-3 ПДК 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17

Зал. Петра

Великого Зал. Посьета

Бухта Экспедиции Бухта

Новгородская Бухта Троицы Бухта Бойсмана Амурский залив Открытая часть Кутовая часть Бухта Золотой Рог Уссурийский залив Бухта Муравьиная Бухта Суходол Бухты Большой Камень, Андреева Зал. Стрелок Зал. Восток Зал. Находка

0,58 1,56 19,16

3,6 35,6 7,64 20,62

15,2 46,82 65,64 0,18 2565 1170 720

2,27 0,71 7,1

0,4 0,13 1,55 0,29 2,89 0,62 4,5 3,3 10,18

41 0,2 2943 1345 827

1,4 0,4 4,4

Ecologic condition of the Peter the Great Bay (expressed in specific index of damage and index of total increase for pollution

maximum allowable level, MAL, from coastal spill)

MAL increase

Coastal place Damage

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Dynamics of fish community composition in the off-shore epipelagic layer of the south-western Bering Sea in

autumn 1986-2000

Прочие рыбы

1%

Мезопела гич. рыбы

15%

Лососи 2%

Мезопела гич. рыбы

64%

Прочие рыбы

3%

Лососи 4%

Мезопелаги ч. рыбы

78%

Прочие рыбы

18%

1986

1990 2000

Walleye pollock 82%

Walleye pollock 31%

Walleye pollock 0.1%

Mesopelagic fish

Salmon Other fish

Mesopelagic fish Other fish

Other fish

Salmon

Salmon Mesopelagic

fish

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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Dynamics of estimated biomass (thousand tons) for low abundant families of demersal

fish on the western Kamchatka shelf

Sea poachers

skates

snailfishes

eel-pouts

154° 156° 158° 160°

50°

52°

54°

56°

58°

60°

62°

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Dynamics of biomass for dominant families of bottom fishes on the western Kamchatka shelf

0 200 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

All bottom fish

flatfishes

Codfishes

Sculpins

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0 100 200 300 400

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

L asp P quad H el L sak

Yellow-fin sole

Yellow-bellied flounder

Flat-headed sole Sakhalin sole

Dynamics of main flatfish species on the

western Kamchatka shelf

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Correlations between basic biotic components in the Bering and Okhotsk seas during 1980-s

Production ratio Bering Sea

Okhotsk Sea Non-predatory plankton /

phytoplankton

0.152 0.177

Predatory plankton / non-predatory plankton

0.30 0.218

Predatory zoobenthos / non- predatory zoobenthos

0.058 0.070

Commercial nekton / zooplankton 0.0105 0.0099 Commercial nektobenthos /

zoobenthos

0.0167 0.0076

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