Adaptation to climate change
Innspill til prosjektledelsen i Framtidens byers drøftingsmøte den 13 desember med C40 for å vurdere mulighetene for et nærmere samarbeid mellom nettverkene
: Increased temperatures (2-4.5°C)
: More precipitation and more extreme rainfalls : Floods and slides
: Sea level rise
: Melting of ice and snow cover : Ecosystems
: New species, displacement of cold species
Climate changes in a Norwegian perspective
: Higher frequency of landslides and floods
: New areas exposed : More unpredictable
: Urban floods and insufficient drainage
: Heavier rain will cause damage to buildings
More frequent and heavier precipitation -
consequences
Sea level rise
: Report first published October 2008
: Shows expected sea levels 2050 and 2100 for all
municipalities along the coast
: Expected sea level varies according to land rise,
ocean currents, and ocean temperature
: Main challenge: How to use this knowledge?
Cities of the future
: Collaboration between the Government and the 13 largest cities in Norway
: Runs from 2008-2014 : 4 areas of focus
: Land use and transport : Consumption and waste : Energy and buildings
: Climate change adaptation
Climate Adaptation
”Adjustment in natural or human systems in respons to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities.”
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2007
Adaptation to climate change when the program started in 2008
:
Emission has traditionally had longer focus in Norway than adaptation. Adaptation to climate change were a rather new subject in many of the cities. Knowledge were needed.
: Some of the cities had risk and vulnerability
assesments, climate and energy plans, flood risk maps, quick clay maps, minimum standards for building
locations by the sea, GIS analysis and some
participated in research programs on climate change
adaptation.
Adaptation to climate change
• Sea level rise
• Floods and landslides
Randsfjorden, 12. aug 2008 Randsfjorden, 12. aug 2008
Tromsø, 2008 Tromsø, 2008
The port of Bergen floods more often.
The city of Fredrikstad
experience more precipitation and more often extreme
rainfalls, causing trafic-caos
and basement flooding.
How can Cities of the future adapt to new climate conditions?
The main goal is to develope strategies for meeting climate change.
The work shall lead to:
•
measurable results
•
examples of best practice for other municipalities
•
exchanging knowledge
The emphasis has been on:
Needs
Information on effects of climate change Good examples on adaptation
Tools to integrate adaptation in planning How to handle uncertainties
Aims
Strengthen knowledge on adaptation to climate change
Adaptation as an integrated element in the planning activities of the municipalities
Exchange of information between the cities
Activities
: Action plans
: Nettwork, information on climate change on courses, conferanses, worshops
: Conferences and seminars, lections, visiting the cities, gathering together : Learning by doing and sharing good
ideas.
: Common goals and visions
: Agreements and areas of cooperation
Agreements and areas of collaboration
1. Visualizing climate change, KlimaGIS 2. Mapping vulnerability to climate change 3. Regionale nettwork
4. Climate projections 5. Sea level rise
6. Urban flooding
7. Integreting climate change adaptation in other network
City of Fredrikstad:
New development concepts – increased vulnerability
From Skallebakke
Apples or asphalt?
- Your choice
- Consequences for others
City of Fredrikstad (Skallebakke
Three step strategy
From Skallebakke and Norsk Vann
Student Village Prepared for the Future
Extreme weather is becoming more and more common. We need an overall perspective when planning city and
housing development.
In Bjølsen Student Village the water caused by heavy rain is being used as a resource instead of a problem.
City of Bergen - Future surface water solutions
The Ila stream:
culverted for 700 metres (1910-1960) before its outlet to the sea culvert was critical when extreme flows
untreated sewage Now:
opened up in 2004-2006 idyllic recreational area
prepared for a 1000-year flood
project with Trondheim, Norwegian Public Roads Adm., Norw. Inst. for Nature Research
artists involved in the project
Valley of Ila, September 2007.
Photo: Trondheim municipality
Urban end of the Ila Stream (2008).
Photo: Trondheim municipality
City of Trondheim - from problem to resource
Photo: Ministry of
City of Drammen – taking sea level rise into consideration
Mapping
vulnerability
Sea level rise
in the city of
Kristiansand
City of Stavanger
– raised the concert hall lowered the cost
Risk and vulnerability analysis together with cost analysis Construcition height raised from 2.5 to 3.8 metres
Norwegian Climate Adaptation Programme
: Interministerial coordination group – 13 ministries
: Led by the Ministry of Environment
: Executive secretariate – Directorate for Civil Protection and Emergency Planning
Activities
No changes in responsbilities – municipality/county levels
• Provide knowledge - website launched March 2009
• Climate change maps
• Handbook (guidelines)
• Course in climate change adaptation for development/emergency planners anc decision-makers at local level and regional level
• ’Cities of the Future’ project – 13 largest cities (covers 50 per cent of total population)
• Official Norwegian Report (2009-2010)
Et trygt og robust samfunn - der alle tar ansvar 25
Website – klimatilpasning.no
Information sharing:
Experiences
Best practices
Research
Specific issues
Guidelines
Target groups:
Local/regional planners
Decision-makers
Guidelines – Climate start
Courses at NUSB -
Arrange courses in:
(22-24.november)
(24-26.november)
Read more:
National Emergency Planning College
Cities of the future
: Visualization of climate change - KlimaGIS
: Regional network – climate change, risk and emergency planning -example Region of southern Norway
: Visions of the future
Area of cooperation – KlimaGIS
A tool:
to visualize the physical impacts of climate change
based on GIS technology and
dynamic simulation used to
visualize e.g. future sea level
rise.
KlimaGIS – Sea level rise
Projects within KlimaGIS
Simulation of sea level rise Simulation of urban flooding Simulation of wind
Risk and vulnerability analysis
Thematic maps for emergency planning and crisis management Visualization and presentation in 3D
The work is initiated by the City of Stavanger and Sandnes
municipality, Norkart GeoServices as and Powersim Softwarwe AS.
Regional network in collaboration with the insurance sector
Participants:
The insurance company Tryg, The secretariat for the Norwegian Climate Change Adaptation Programme and the Cities of the Future.
Aims:
Strengthen knowledge on adaptation to climate change and risk and emergency planning in Norwegian municipalities by using the municipalities in the Cities of the Future as a driving force in the region.
Target groups:
Local and regional planners
Decision-makers
Insurance collaboration – activities:
Pilot project with the City of Kristiansand and 7 neighbouring municipalities
First step:
Seminar on adaptation to climate change and risk and emergency
planning. Presentation of adaptation tools, good examples and effects of climate change.
Second step:
Practical workshop using climate adaptation tools (urban flooding and adaptation in spatial planning).
Future pictures
Activity:
The city of Tromsø makes an
interactive tool for building scenarios.
The tool combines climate change
projections with social change analysis.
Aim:
to prepare a model and process to discuss the future development of the Cities
Stakeholders: Kristiansand, Stavanger, Trondheim, DSB, MD
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