Taylor, 2016) which enabled the project to extend its horizons beyond a contextualized student diploma

Fulltekst

(1)Home in transition Tu rning vu ln e ra b ility to ca p a b ility. 1.

(2) INTRODUCTION Welcome and feel yourself @Home in transition. This project is the story of tackling a common affliction today which brought 2 migrant girls from Iran to each other. They shared their backgrounds, hopes, pains and skills together, forming the project which was not only a master diploma, but a real life concern for them both. This diploma project is meant to be the first pilot of a co-development concept in transition (elaborated inside report) which happened in Norway at the Refstad Transit reception center in Oslo, during winter-spring, 2018.. We know that it’s fairly a long report representing a long process itself. As there is a lot for you to grasp in advance, then let’s keep your motivation and bring you a bite of our conclusion right here. (Turn the page). Despite the differences among reception centers around the world, they carry some similarities (Mouzourakis & Taylor, 2016) which enabled the project to extend its horizons beyond a contextualized student diploma. Consequently, the outcomes of this first pilot in Norway are both specifically designed for Refstad and also for the general context of transition around the world. The designed actions and tools are generalizable and carry general values which can be extracted as core materials to adapt to any other asylum and refugee centers around the world.. 2. 3.

(3) Sara, an asylum seeker from Sudan, was at Refstad reception center when we first met her. She participated in our first competence workshop with Arab speakers.. But, suddenly, after our discussions and activity, she said: I was a doctor and can teach First Aid here at Refstad. So people can learn this essential skill for anywhere they go …. She was very negative in the beginning, questioning us a lot about why we are taking people’s time to do something which has no future. To her (and many others), we were also one of those nice people who enter the camp someday, do an entertainment and leave.. And this was the start of her collaboration with us.. She came several times to school and together we designed the course (based on Red cross standards) and actually implemented it.. She is now a challenger who helps us to inspire and continue motivating other people to use their abilities for co-development together. This activity by Sara (which is documented), would work as her representation (part of her CV) for the next steps of her process (anywhere, anytime). That she has used her abilities for developing others as well as herself, while she was not officially expected to do anything with her time but waiting.. She was concerned about why we are asking people about their situation, their abilities, what they like to do, what they can do, etc. She was sure that this will go so far from the reality and tension they are dealing with.. 4. 5.

(4) CONTENT 2. INTRO. 10. Fields of the project Candidates Role of designers. 16. Report instructions Project’s terminology Project in number. Abstract. 96. ACTIONS. 143. Learning patterns (Treasure Map). Milestones 1st round discussion 2nd round discussion Individual meetings with stakeholders Intro workshop at Refstad 1st round competence workshop at Refstad 1st testing session of OUT-IN scenarios Follow up with IN-IN scenarios Follow up with IN-OUT scenarios. 22. Methodology. 36. Theme of the project Context of the project Context of implementation Scope of the project Asylum seekers’ journey map to Norway Actors’ involvement within the field in Norway. 154. SUSTAINING the project. 163. Resource package Each piece of it Tests and iterations. PROJECT’S JOURNEY. 214. Outcomes overview Effects Interventions overview. 218. ENDING Key terminologies References. 48. Start of rojects journey map – Stories & Milestones Concept development Main concept Process strategy (Scenarios: OUT-IN, IN-OUT, IN-IN) Belonging concept Situation map at Refstad Strategy of design. 6. Design ideas. 7.

(5) ABSTRACT. The project is following the concept of Co-designing Actions and Facilitating Discussions In Transition (Peter Checkland & John Poulter, 2006) which affords the possibility to learn through changing the system with its own foot print. It is not about a singular or multiple problemsolving project, but about working with a situation rather than defining problems to solve. (Denis Loveridge, 2008). WAITING/ WASTING ASYLUM SEEKER. Bolding the title of refugee is putting resourceful people in the category of vulnerability covering their actual competences. Long waiting and wasting time in the camps building up frustration and self-loss every day, adding to the importance of an answer (Yes or No) which keeps their lives in the boredom of dependency, but towards an unknown future!. In addition, the inhabitants of each center would co-develop towards a self-initiated future based on their abilities and hopes. This achievement will also remove the false hope of necessarily ending up in the host country and enrich their abilities to bring them broader horizons regardless of the answer they will get from the authorities.. 8. no ??!!. Norway. anywhere. HOW TO TURN TO. The project aims to create a different state of mind within the context of transition and influencing the social system with participatory approaches as a fundamental element of dignified reception. By capacity building and raising self-awareness (NORCAP, 2016), the project is meant to motivate the asylum seekers to recall their competences and wishes towards self-efficacy which affect every area of human endeavor by determining the beliefs a person holds regarding his or her power to affect situations. Consequently, the process of recalling, planning and taking collective actions based on available resources inside the reception center, builds dignity, self-esteem and self-reliance among people. Such approaches could lift mitigating tensions and conflict in the reception facility and build bridges between different groups.. yes ??!!. Market Trends. WAITING/ DEVELOPING. MIGRANT ASYLUM SEEKER. WASTING TRANSITION PERIOD. yes ??!! yes. Universal skills The project is following the concept of “Co-designing Actions and Facilitating Discussions In Transition” which intends to create a different state of mind within the context and influence the social system with participatory approaches. By capacity building and raising self-awareness, the project is meant to motivate the asylum seekers to recall their competences and wishes towards self-efficacy which affects every area of human endeavor by determining the beliefs a person holds regarding his or her power to affect situations.. 9. no. in norway. COPING/ ENRICHING. no ??!!. anywhere.

(6) FIELDs OF THE PROJECT. SYSTEMS ORIENTED DESIGN. SERVICE DESIGN. COMBINATION. PARTICIPATORY DESIGN. TRANSITION DESIGN. With a cross-disciplinary approach, this design diploma project is carried out across various design disciplines simultaneously to bring a combination of their values to the humanitarian context. Among the involved design fields: Systems Oriented Design: The emergence and development of a designerly approach to address complexity. (Sevaldson 2013 www.systemsorienteddesign.net, 2009). Participatory Design and Co-design: As an approach attempting to actively involve all stakeholders (e.g. employees, partners, customers, citizens, end users) in the design process to help ensure the result meets their needs and is usable. (Simonsen & Robertson, 2013). Service Design: As a design approach to improve the quality of different actors’ interaction and involvement by planning and organizing people, infrastructure, communication and material components of a service. (Brown & Wyatt, 2010) Transition Design: An area of design research, practice and study which fosters design-led societal transition toward more sustainable futures. (“Transition Design 2015,” n.d.). IMPORTANCE OF DESIGN User centered The ‘how’s of humanitarian innovation need clarity. This is where policy can provide positive direction. In-formed policies can also inspire industrial, private, public and humanitarian sector partnerships to assume fundamental humanitarian innovation challenges, in the face of the tensions and difficulties. This humanitarian commitment to accountability to affected populations requires a people-centered business plan, an evidence-based approach, and sound management of humanitarian data. The humanitarian market is unable to absorb and harness innovation due to a short-term focus resulting in narrow, ineffectual and sometimes harmful impacts. • Policies must guide humanitarian innovation to put the needs of people first. • Assessments of humanitarian innovation must be evidence based. Peace Research Center of Oslo (PRIO). Therefore, in this project, tools of Systems Oriented Design will provide a sufficiently holistic view over the complexity of the field. Service Design tools and approaches help the designer to go in details and design actions based on the target groups’ needs. Co-design tools will facilitate discussions and collaborations among the designers and target groups. Together, these components benefit from the ideations within transition design field.. 10. 11.

(7) Motivation. ?. Working in humanitarian area usually is representative of a strong, courageous and passionate person whose concern is to help people.. I need to reflect on this experience (project) and then write it down. This project and every work I do in relation to this topic is not a motivation only, but a life concern for me.. But, I personally chose to enter this project when I was the most vulnerable.I am an immigrant. A women from Iran. A country that you might think it should be so different from Europe. And it is.. Please give me some time to digest what we did all throughout the process and then I would be capable of writing this :). The first year I came to Norway, although I was living in sweden for some time, I struggled every second of it. And the challenges I faced and feeling not being understood. I lost a big part of my dignity . I couldn›t remember who I was in Iran and I was not sure I like the person I am turning into. Feeling helpless destroyed a big part of me and got replaced with too much anger that I was not even conscious about. I took me some time to overcome the doubts and uncertainty I was dealing with. I entered this project when I was already an angry survivors . and I needed to respond to this anger. I tied to turn it This project is the point that I decided to stand up and scream out my pain and worries. I wanted to take a small step to ease the pain Immigrants and refugees and by doing that I will be better person too.. 12. MELINA HOZHABRI. NILOUFAR GHARAVI. CV: www.linkedin.com/in/melina-hozhabri. CV: www.linkedin.com/in/niloufargharavi. email: melina.hozhabri@gmail.com. email: n.qaravi@gmail.com. phone: (+47) 90475277. phone: (+47) 91623579. 13.

(8) ROLE OF DESIGNERS Donella Meadows (2002) suggests that rather than forcing upon the system of our ideas and urges to design, we should dance with the system. And this is what we ended up with doing.. The changes we made to the system unconsciously by only our presence, refers back to the theory of second order cybernetics (Glanville, 2002), which claims that you cannot observe a system without being part of it and hence change it. This reveals the power of designers just by being present in the system and experiencing it themselves.. It means that from the very first day, we engaged, induced and nudged change through which we co-created a mutual respectful learning platform for us and our involved actors. When one part of the system did not want to follow our moves, we changed our path and played with other actions and limitations. And our personal and professional positions enabled us to understand the situation by experiencing it not only as designers, but as immigrant women from Middle East coping with transition ourselves.. So we stepped in, gathered the mentioned different groups and facilitated conversations among them trying to co-design actions within the system. Our aim: turn the reception center from a waiting limbo to a development and enrichment platform.. Therefore, we got involved in the humanitarian area with both our hearts and our different personalities. We went around the different layers within the field and on boarded various actors and stakeholders (organizations, individuals, former refugees, politicians, etc) from a holistic point of view. Simultaneously, we kept our feet on the ground and entered the transit reception center to involve the inhabitants (asylum seekers) and bring the floating balloons of these stakeholders’ activities back down to the land of actual needs.. We participated in many ongoing events and gatherings around the field in Norway and other countries. We sat together with authorities like UNDP, IOM, NRC, UDI, etc, to learn from their global perspective. We designed workshop and meeting materials for variouse places moving between offices to the Starbucks of Oslo’s central station or a dancing club! We played drums to encourage gatherings inside the reception center. We hosted dinner gatherings at our homes to open up for some discussions and tests with female asylum seekers. We had traditional Syrian tea with male asylum seekers and participated in their smoking gatherings! We acted the role of having a heart attack and seizure to help with one of the interventions by an asylum seeker inside the center. (Elaborated in the report). We handled several conversations using google translate in order not to exclude different minor language groups at the reception center.. The main design component of this project is a series of actions within the transit system which started to change the moment designers walked into it. It states that the designers were/are always/already part of the system itself, observing the changed system by their foot prints, and simultaneously creating a different state of mind within the context.. Such approach to design as a current methodology through action/engagement (Checkland & Poulter, 2006), questions the traditional role of the designer in relation to such settings (ethnographic context of humanitarian challenges in transition). (Elaborated earlier in the section of design debates). As migrants we truly could understand the challenges of adapting to a new context and being in-between. (SATTLEGGER & STILLER, 1974), (Turner, 1985), So it was not very difficult for us to imagine how it is even more challenging for a person with a much harder journey behind them and in front of them. It feels like we are all on an ongoing bus heading to an unknown destination, we never know where it is going and when it will reach our stop.. Illustrator. Drummer. Host. Negotiator. Joker. Teacher. Actor. analyzer. Facilitator 14. Friend 15.

(9) REPORT INSTRUCTIONS. REPORT COMPONENTS STORYTELLING (as the style for the report). Coming with us to this point of the report, you may already have considered that the project is a live creature evolving by its own movements. The challenge of presenting it to a fresh and novice audience requires a design intervention in itself. Therefore, we are bringing some guiding principles for the most essential elements of the report to support the ease of reading it.. 5 MAIN LAYERS. As Bruno Latour states in his Actor Network Theory (ANT), (Latour, 2004), objects function as actors in the network of humans using. So the tools could be seen as actors nudging and opening up responses and actions. Therefore, as well as taking advantage of this theory in the project itself (Elaborated in the outcome section of the report) we are using it to wrap up the process and make sense of the different involved elements of it.. The integration of our design process with action, which became the actual intervention within the system, could not follow an A to Z plan. Instead, each step of the way, the process emerged and crystalized in to a strategy all along the project. What we learned is by following the threads, the truth always unfolds. Therefore, not having a traditional design process, (which normally prepares for actions and goes through the cycle of tests and iterations), communicating the approach became one of the most important concerns during the actual process. We found that participatory observation became critical. We listened, we observed and we participated with the people we wanted to work with.. The Inner Layer : which contains every actions that we’ve done inside the reception center together with the inhabitants and staffs. The Inner Border Layer : which shows all the activities we did together with the actors who are directly in relation with the reception center but not totally inside of it, such as the camp management, camp owner, collaborating organizations, etc.. STORY FRAMES containing the map of our process sequences:. The Intervention Layer : which carries all backstage activities that we did together as designers, such as reflecting, analyzing, preparing, decision making, defining and redefining, strategizing, etc. (crying, laughing, dying from stress, glowing from confidence, joking, and even more joking!). Dealing with the complexity of the process, we decided to categorize our actions in 5 main layers and make a narrative map out of it. In the report, this huge map is coming into story frames with explanatory texts about some of the most important touch points during the process. The pages of stories also include reflection boxes, important take outs, essential process shifts, and some short comments.. After testing our every word and definitions in a lot of meetings and workshops with people from different backgrounds, we landed on Anachronic Order Storytelling (or Flashback Narrative) as the best communication tool. And it was not surprising for us to come with this conclusion, as the field itself is a long and multi-layered story of complex contrasts in human life.. The Outer Border Layer : which brings the meetings and activities we had together with the experts in the design field as our advisors, consultants and tutors. This layer is included to show the backstage of our design backstage. It shows that the process was not only a fragmented unknown space for us, but for our experts too. And it was amazing for us to travel between their different point of views and even add to their experiences by our actions and develop as well as experience something new together in this layer.. So welcome to the story of contrast in this project: At Home In Transition …. The Outer Layer : which contains the activities, workshops and meetings we had together with the external actors who are delivering services in the humanitarian area but not directly in relation to the reception center of our project. They were all part of the field studies, actions and collaborations.. INTERVENTION LAYER personal experiences & motivation. english speaker ladies mostly from Africa. 1ST ROUND OF COMPTENCE WORKSHOP. 1ST TESTING SESSION OF OUT-IN SCENARIO. FOLLOW UP & PRESENCE TOGETHER WITH INHABITANTS. First aid Course implementation. FOLLOW UP. MEETING HERO. RESEARCH +. Melina & Nilu joined for diploma. DEFINING PRE-DIPLOMA. DECISION. PRIORITIZING. DECISION. REDEFINING THE CONCEPT. REDEFINING THE CONCEPT. RESEARCH. PREPARATION. PROGRAMING. ANALYSIS & REFLECTING. workshop overal layout & invitations. DESIGN & PREPARATION. wrapping up the process and reflecting. analysis and communication tools for the mid-term presentation. 1ST MID-TERM PRESENTATION. 1ST MID-TERM PRESENTATION. DESIGN & PREPARATION workshop details, program & logistics. 1ST ROUND DISCUSSION. REFLECTING. REFLECTING. REFLECTING. DESIGN & PREPARATION. 2ND ROUND DISCUSSION. REFLECTING. workshop details, program & logistics. REFLECTING & ANALYZING. DESIGN & PREPARATION workshop details, program & logistics. DESIGN & PREPARATION. CO-DESIGN. DESIGN & REFLECTION. workshop details, program & logistics. CO-DESIGN. with Sara. For follow up strategies. with Yonatan. TIME PERCEPTION WORKSHOP Katja. coordinator (Ketil). CO-DESIGN & FOLLOW UP. RESOURCE PACKAGE DESIGN. with Sara & Yonatan. DESIGN & PREPARATION. analysis and communication tools for the mid-term presentation. MEETING Adrian. MEETING Natalia. MEETING Birger,. from Halogen. MEETING Birger. service design supervisor. SOD supervisor. MEETING Anna. SOD supervisor. consultant. MEETING Linda. 2nd supervisor. MEETING Elisa. MEETING Adrian. WORKSHOP Hioa. researcher from PRIO. external supervisor. MEETING linn. service deisng course. service designer with similar diploma project. MEETING Natalian & Adrian supervisor and consultant. MEETING Anna consultant. MEETING Birger. with Yonatan. with Sara. with Sara. MEETING Birgita. Our humanitarian advisor (Jorn). Consultant. MEETING Henry Consultant. MEETING Birger. Main supervisor. MEETING Adrian. External supervisor. MEETING Friends. For feedback on presentation. MEETING NRC, Jorn. Our humanitarian advisor. MEETING Birger. MEETING Henry. Main supervisor. Methodology Consultant. He became our external supervisor.. by SOD. EVENT Change by Design by Halogen. Our process will not be linear and it’s important to do self-reflect in each step to avoid getting lost in the complexity of the field.. MEETING MakersHub founders (Else & Jack). MEETING YWAM. a nice dinner at every day cafe together with social workers and former refugees. SKYPE MEETING DWB Uganda. regional manager (Thomas). MEETING SoCentral (nordic incubator) project developer (Håkon) & coordinator (Marie). MEETING PRIO. Team of researchers in migration field. MEETING DWB Norway. CEO, Anthropologist (Anna). MEETING Guts to Change. The initiator & designer (Kaja). EGGS EVENT Design for Peace. EVENT Trampoline House. First friday event in collaboration with Latra org.. Copenhagen refugee community Gathering on right to work for refugees. 16. MEETING Rumi Festival. story & narrative specialist oprah singer & performer social worker (Amir). MEETING Rumi Festival. story & narrative specialist oprah singer & performer social worker (Amir). MEETING UNDP. deputy director (Trygve) program specialist (Eirik). MEETING Inkludering Norge founder (Aqeel). MEETING refugees change makers founder (Mohammad) positive deviance. EVENT inkluderingsdager på socentral by SoCentral. EVENT start up community meet newcomers. by SoCentral, STARTUPLAB, Aleap and Forskningsparken. MEETING IOM. deputy director (Homa). SKYPE MEETING flourishing business canvas enterprise researcher and designer (Antony). MEETING refugees change makers founder (Mohammad) positive deviance. MEETING Inkludering Norge founder (Aqeel). RESOURCE PACKAGE 4th TEST people with refugee status at school. RESOURCE PACKAGE 2nd ITERATION. Practice. MEETING NRC. main supervisor. CO-DESIGN & follow up. CO-DESIGN. 2ND MID-TERM PRESENTATION. PREPARATION. RSD6-AHO conference. MEETING Barehyggelig Founder (Hilde). MEETING Oslo International Hub. Founder (Jorn) Coordinator (Rita). RESOURCE PACKAGE FILMING. MEETING HERO. coordinator (Ketil) & camp manager (Bala). coordinator (Ghassan) & manager (Bala). RESOURCE PACKAGE 3rd TEST. RESOURCE PACKAGE 1st TEST. 2 sessions by Sara and us. Laleh & Yonatan. VISITING & MEETING Refstad reception center. BORDER LAYER supervision with experts & designers. OUTSIDE LAYER organizations with services in this field. INTRO WORKSHOP TO THE INHABITANTS OF REFSTAD. VISITING Refstad being with people making friends. MEETING at Refstad with some asylum seekers. INSIDE LAYER reception center & asylum seekers. BORDER LAYER reception center management & involved organizations. MEETING IN PROGRESS. MEETING. UDI The team incahrge of reception centers & collaborations. Founders (Linn & Sandra). 17. MEETING Adrian. External Supervisor. MEETING Anna. External Consultant. RESOURCE PACKAGE 2nd TEST WITH MIGRANTS. RESOURCE PACKAGE 3rd ITERATION. TO THE FINAL DELIVERY.

(10) MILESTONES:. VISUALIZATIONS:. Maps: As a project using Systems Oriented Design approach, the expression of each area of the field’s complexity and our process is visualized in the format of giga maps. Consequently, the maps are brought to the report’s narrative by a transitional flow moving inside the frames and emphasizing a part of them in each page and section.. Among the story pages, there are some milestones which are explained in more details. They are the sections of the process that we designed materials for to tackle the situation and facilitate discussions: workshops, round discussions, individual meetings, follow up activities, prototyping, testing, course implementation, etc.. FRAMES:. Drawings: Freehand realistic drawings expressing the transitional flow within the live ongoing field together with its influenced people. Rough hatches over the drawings to express the tension within the area of experience, mixed with monochromic style to show the passive atmosphere all over the context.. Not only for the story telling sections, but the content of most of the pages are placed inside the frames. Frames are representing the existing light boundaries within the humanitarian field which we obey and break at the same time throughout the narrative.. MOOD COMMENTS:. BRANDING:. LOGO:. Communicating the complexity of the project’s flow was one of the main concerns along the process. As a result, we started identifying the project as a package of different components (Elaborated in the outcome section of the report), and naming the involved elements (elaborated in the terminology section). We also made a logo with which people could readily use to refer to the project.. The logo’s round and layered shape is inspired by our map of scenarios and layers of the field, which defines both IN-OUT and OUT-IN approaches. Looking from an IN-OUT perspective, the evolving form from center to the side is expressing the gradual developments that the actions of project aim for. At the same time, the form is fragmented into smaller pieces showing the participation of different actors and action components which together create the evolution.. Social Media:. We used social media to share our process (including our successes and mistakes). It aimed to bring up discussions among different stakeholders and actors who had no time to participate along the project, for us to learn, and for others to inspire and be inspired.. And from the OUT-IN perspective, it refers to the story of the asylum seekers’ journey from the stability of home country to the instability of transition. And in this view, the fragmented pieces are asylum seekers and how they are impacted differently. Some have the shades of green and some remained black. (Different shades of green as the color of the project’s identity.). Colors: Shades of green and blue are the main colors of the project bringing a contrast to the monochromic atmosphere of the field. It aims to show the difference that the project’s dynamic involvement brings to the passive and static context.. Some of the pages, include a tiny mood comment below the frame which is the layer of our live existence as designers along the process and report. There, we are sharing our feelings and a little bit of memory based on the experience in relation to the content of the page.. Milestone. Story. First aid Course implementation. First aid Course implementation. 2 sessions by Sara and us. RESOURCE PACKAGE 1st TEST. 2 sessions by Sara and us. MEETING HERO. MEETING HERO. coordinator (Ketil). coordinator (Ketil). CO-DESIGN & follow up. CO-DESIGN. with Yonatan. with Sara. Practice. RESOURCE PACKAGE 2nd ITERATION. Practice. with Sara. with Sara. MEETING Birger. MEETING Henry. Main supervisor. Methodology Consultant. MEETING Birger. MEETING NRC, Jorn. Main supervisor. Our humanitarian advisor. MEETING. MEETING Henry Methodology Consultant. MEETING Adrian. External Supervisor. Home in transition. MEETING Anna. External Consultant. Tu r n in g vu ln e r a b ility to c ap ab ility. MEETING UDI The team incahrge. UDI The team incahrge of reception centers & collaborations. of reception centers & collaborations. Mood Comment. Mood Comment. 18. 19.

(11) PROJECT’S TERMINOLOGY @Home in transition – Title of the project referring to the contrast that the project is tackling.. Resource Package – An element that we have designed as the second phase of the project to sustain the efforts.. Context – It refers to the whole area that the project moved in, including both inside and outside the transit reception center.. @Home Gatherings – Regular gatherings which are designed to take place inside the reception center for the group activities.. Actors & stakeholders – Asylum seekers inside the reception center, former refugees, volunteer individuals & activists, researchers, humanitarian umbrella organizations, humanitarian NGOs.. @Home App – An app which is facilitated by the project and designed by an asylum seeker inside the reception center to support the network of challengers and their gatherings.. Target Groups – Asylum seekers inside the reception center (also called “the inhabitants” in the report), organizations outside the reception center with services in this field.. @Home Website – A website which is facilitated by the project and designed by an asylum seeker inside the reception center to share the actions of the project and its network.. Scenario – Refers to the dynamic movement of the process between the different layers of the field.. @Home Game – An individual activity inside the resource package which is designed to inspire actions.. IN-IN Scenario – Means interventions and actions by asylum seekers inside the reception center for the asylum seekers inside the center.. You Cards – As part of the resource package, it is designed to carry the history of the challengers with it on an installation inside the reception center.. IN-OUT Scenario – Means interventions and actions by asylum seekers inside the reception center for actors and area outside the reception center.. PROJECT IN NUMBER Meetings: 90 Workshops and discussions: 10 Testing sessions: 5 Followed up scenarios: 8 Courses: 2 On boarded Organizations: 42 Number of people who directly got involved: 10 Former refugees + 15 designers + 20 consultants & collaborators + 10 staffs from Hero & Refstad + 50 asylum seekers at Refstad + around 30 people from the organizations = 135! :D. OUT-IN Scenario – Means interventions and actions by external actors outside the reception center for the asylum seekers inside the reception center. Challenger – An asylum seeker who has got influenced by the actions of the project and has turned the boredom of waiting to development activity based on her/his competences. Courses – Learning and teaching activates done by the actors of the project. Positive deviance – Former refugees with success stories, motivated asylum seekers who lead others inside the reception center.. 20. 21.

(12) METHODOLGY. SOFT SYSTEM METAHODOLOGY Among the main aspects that we were dealing with all throughout the process were: - Understanding the complex situation, - Taking into account multiple perspectives simultaneously, - Constant reflection and analysis, - Debate and conversation for action Later, we understood them as “Soft system methodology (SSM)” as “an action-oriented and organized way of tackling perceived problematical (social) situation towards improvement”. (Glanville, 2002) Therefore, our strategy was not really a planned A to Z from the start, but was emerging and crystalizing during the project by our actions and direct/indirect effects. We designed actions but not consciously by looking at something and designing for it. Our process was not carrying a traditional design flow leading to certain outcomes and preparations, but was totally integrated with action. The fact is, we were making use of the second order cybernetic strategy in system theory, only by experiencing the context and based on our observations/findings. Therefore, the moment we walked into the system, we changed it and our interventions got started. It states that we were always a part of the system we observe, and the only thing we could observe, was the observed system itself. This gets clear when one think about how people will behave differently when we were entering the context (Refstad Transit Mottak).. PROTOTYPING. STORY TELLING. COMMUNICATION. FACILITATION. FIELD STUDY. MARKETING. VISULIZATION. 22. As we could not observe the system without changing it, the only thing we were observing was the system that we have already changed. This also means that our presence was an intervention by itself creating a different state of mind and changing the social system.. 23.

(13) PARTICIPATORY DESIGN Public agenda Tools. MARKETING. Sharing & reflecting. COMMUNICATION Tools and feedback. Tools. Qualitative. RESEARCH & FIELD STUDY In person meetings & discussions, online research, literature reviews, field visit & personal experiences. Narratives. Quantitative. STORYTELLING Tools & relations. FACILITATION. VISULIZATION Communication. Following up and facilitating the interventions (management). Workshops. Tools. 24. 25. PROTOTYPING Testing.

(14) APPROACH Public agenda. COMMUNICATION. EMPATHY. Tools and feedback. Our involvement with the field. QUALITATIVE. LISTENING TO THEM Presence SHARING OUR BACKGROUND as immigrant women from middle east with family initiatives in this field for years MAKING FRIENDSHIPS LIVING THE SITUATION WITH THEM Experiencing their life style & understanding the situation. FUTURE VISIONING Broader horizons. SUSTAINING By using different Possibilities mechanisms OUR WORK Start up & consulting PILOTS pilot projects in other camps and countries. PERSONAL EXPERIENCES as migrants from Middle east SHADOWING & OBESERVATION JOURNEY MAP INTERVIEWS INDIVIDUAL outside the reception center With former refugees & positive deviances With different organizations & NGOs INDIVIDUAL inside the reception center With reception center management With reception center coordination & staffs With asylum seekers GROUPS inside the reception center With asylum seekers. Qualitative. RESEARCH & FIELD STUDY In person meetings & discussions, online research, literature reviews, field visit & personal experiences. SYSTEMIC THINKING. Quantitative. Holistic approaches. Tools. TOOLS & APPROACHES Giga mapping Non-linear process mapping Leverage Points Rich design space REFLECTION Systemic impact Concept evaluation ANALYSIS ZIP analysis Thresholds mapping. QUANTITATIVE. HUMANITARIAN literature review & NRC materials STATISTICS of the reception center from its management and administration QUESTIONAIRES in 15 different languages. Communication. PROTOTYPING. STORY TELLING. COMMUNICATION. FACILITATION. FIELD STUDY. MARKETING. VISULIZATION. 26. VISULIZATION Tools. 27. MARKET. Sharing & ref.

(15) Public agenda Tools. MARKETING. Sharing & reflecting. COMMUNICATION Tools and feedback. BRANDING To show the outcomes in broader perspectives To better clarify the points & sell the project To avoid communication problems due to complexity SOCIAL MEDIA Building trust among other stakeholders by sharing all the details of the project sharing to prevent competing approach in this field To sustain our efforts Open source materials for others to inspire To create conversation among the stakeholders To show the design potentials and capabilities in this field Keeping our network of challengers & involved stakeholdres. Qualitative. RESEARCH & FIELD STUDY. RESEARCH & FIELD STUDY. In person meetings & discussions, online research, literature reviews, field visit & personal experiences. Narratives. In person meetings & discussions, online research, literature reviews, field visit & personal experiences. Quantitative. STORYTELLING Tools & relations. ILLUSTRATIONS MAPPING Every steps and story boards DIAGRAMS WORKSHOP TOOLS & PACKAGE Goals-oriented tools and packages. FACILITAT. VISULIZATION Communication. Tools. 28. Following up and facili the interventions (manage. VISULIZATION Communication. Tools. 29.

(16) Public agenda. MARKETING. Public agenda. Sharing & reflecting. Tools. Tools. Sharing & reflecting. COMMUNICATION Tools and feedback. SOCIAL MEDIA Commenting & conversations INTERVIEWS WORKSHOPS Visualization Presentations & feedback LANGUAGE TOOLS Universal languages such as music and art Google translate Body language PERSONAL RELATION & FRIENDSHIP STORY TELLING. INDIVIDUAL. CO-DESIGN sessions with the chosen external stakeholders Co-design and adjustment of interventions they can provide based on their services, goals and agenda CO-DESIGN sessions with the challengers Co-design of interventions they can provide based on their competences and interests.. MARKETING. PROTOTYPING Testing. GROUPS. Qualitative. STUDY. cussions, reviews, experiences. Quantitative. INTRO session with the Refstad community Onboarding the community Familiarizing Building trust Building Friendship COMPETENCE sessions with Refstad community (different languages) Discussion facilitation Idea generation Competence remembrance Self-confidence generation 1st ROUND DISCUSSION with many external stakeholders Gathering & meeting Experience/knowledge sharing Concept development & feedback Teaming up towards the concept implementation Co-design & collaboration towards the concept 2nd ROUND DISCUSSION with chosen external stakeholders Teaming up Co-design & collaboration towards the concept implementation and development Programming the next steps. RESEARCH & FIELD STUDY In person meetings & discussions, online research, literature reviews, field visit & personal experiences. STORYTELLING Tools & relations. FACILITATION. Following up and facilitating the interventions (management). Workshops. VISULIZATION Communication. Tools. 30. 31.

(17) Public agenda. MARKETING. Sharing & reflecting. Tools. Tools. COMMUNICATION Tools and feedback. PROTOTYPING Testing. PROTOTYPING ITERATION. Qualitative. LD STUDY. RESEARCH & FIELD STUDY. & discussions, ature reviews, l experiences. In person meetings & discussions, online research, literature reviews, field visit & personal experiences. Quantitative Narratives. STORYTELLING Tools & relations. STORY BOARDS METAPHORS PROCESS MAPPING. FACILITATION. Following up and facilitating the interventions (management). VISULIZATION Communication. Workshops. Tools. 32. 33.

(18) THEME OF THE PROJECT. TOTAL IMMIGRATION 34,600. ASYLUM SEEKERS, REFUGEES. Today, 80 million people are displaced and yet an additional 28300 people a day are forced to flee their home due to conflict and persecution. On the other hand, the world population is growing and this growth will not be in the developed world and advanced economies. Therefore, the pressure on the borders will raise and continue over the next years.. 5,200. 2012 TOTAL IMMIGRATION. We are now witnessing the highest levels of displacement on record. An unprecedented 65.6 million people around the world have been forced from home. Among them are nearly 22.5 million refugees, over half of whom are under the age of 18.. 33,990. (“UNHCR - Figures at a Glance,” n.d.). ASYLUM SEEKERS, REFUGEES 6,900. However, 2018 is considered as the down period with less arrival for most of the countries including Norway. Consequently, less resource dedication to emergency responses could lead to saving time and prioritizing development approaches/ programs, enabling proper preparation for upcoming challenges.. 2013 TOTAL IMMIGRATION 33,330. ASYLUM SEEKERS, REFUGEES. Projects with engaging development capacity management in this period could bring up different scaled local solutions which would empower self-driven approaches towards the problematics. Among them, frustration due to long waiting periods, pacification of the asylum seekers, self-alienation and psychosocial health issues could be mentioned.. There are also 10 million stateless people who have been denied a nationality and access to basic rights such as education, healthcare, employment and freedom of movement. In a world where nearly 20 people are forcibly displaced every minute as a result of conflict or persecution, our collective work as human beings is more important than ever before. (UNHCR, May 2018). 6,600. 2014. TOTAL IMMIGRATION 35,400. Followed by the context-specific local solutions in countries with less emergency status, approaches and extracted materials/outcomes could be patterned and implemented as several ensuring pilots in other countries as well.. ASYLUM SEEKERS, REFUGEES 8,800. For humanitarian authorities who are engaged in providing services and resources for vulnerable people, there is the priority of encouraging solutions towards promoting self-efficacy within the reception centers to enable courses of action required to deal with prospective situations. Consequently, an individual will be empowered to exhibit coping behavior and sustained efforts in the face of obstacles. This also leads to better integration and active engagement towards the living specifications of the context of resettlement.. 2015 TOTAL IMMIGRATION 44,600. ASYLUM SEEKERS, REFUGEES 16,500. 2016. 34. 35.

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(20) CONTEXT OF THE PROJECT. CONTEXT’s METAPHOR. In particular, this project focuses on the context of Transition, such as reception centers where it is even more important for refugees and asylum seekers to consider integration measures intertwined with reception, even in the early stages and with (despite of ) the notion that not everybody will be granted asylum.. To better communicate the situation in transition period (at reception center) we came up with bus metaphor. Imagine you are in a bus that you do not know where and when is gonna stop. This bus has certain rules and politics.. (Bergtora Sandvik, Fladvad Nielsen, Brita Fladvad Nielsen, & Gabrielsen Jumbert, 2016). Passengers in the bus with different cultures and backgrounds are taking on and off all the time. Friendship here does have other form.they are transit friends and they might take off any moments. You might not see them again .. Due to the constraints in the transit reception centers and their “military protection atmosphere”, (Balasubramaniam Venkatasamy - Refstad camp manager), as well as asylum regulations, inhabitants’ life style is limited to daily basic needs and a long frustrating waiting period which increases the likelihood for issues with psychosocial health and tension.. Your feelings are on roller coaster.The air in this bus is suffocating. It is filled with uncertainty.. (Based on our field studies & resources). There is nothing and nobody in this bus that can keep the passengers busy and help them not to think about the unknown journey they are taking but themselves.. One of the biggest problems in transit and temporary situations is that individuals are not motivated to think of long term futuristic plans/ perspectives when they have nothing to lose or possibility to gain.. Let›s take this journey all together.. Therefore, learning motivation and selfdevelopment is most likely at the bottom of daily priorities. (Gill, 2013) It is not possible in this period because they have nothing to lose. Then there should be a way that makes them be aware of the possible future and the importance of development in this stage.. Each day we wake up with no plan just eat and sleep. I usually wake up before lunch and maybe go around Oslo a bit. I am that kind of girl that should be busy all the time. We can do anything. (Asylum seeker - Refstad transit reception center). 38. 39.

(21) Now asylum seekers on reception will have the right to work in Norway CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTATION This diploma project is meant to be the first pilot of the concept which is happening in Norway at the Refstad Transit reception center in Oslo, during winter 2018. The outcomes of this first pilot in Norway will be both specifically designed for Refstad and for the general context of transition around the world. So the designed tools would also carry general values which will be extracted as core materials to adapt to any other centers around the world.. “One message for Norwegian government›s: please make the processing of our cases faster. For no reason. They just say you have to wait and you don›t know why (Acknowledgment). You get all the documentation and … and now I have to wait for the school also. They say if you go to school you will not get salary. You cannot work ... Now I have to wait for this introduction program and in this introduction I have to go to arbeite practice which is not really paid. I was working with the diplomatic sector in Dubai. What is my differences???? I applied for work permit 10 times and all the time was rejected. Why? They say there is sth in your case that we cannot give you the work permit. What is it? Some documents are missing. We need chance to show our abilities. We as Syrians are coming from modern cities, not tents and not dessert. If you hear about Damaskus it is the oldest inhabited city.. FIRST PILOT. When I came to Norway I thought Norway is paradise but it was not. Norwegian government are using some cases to say that refugees are so bad for this country.” (Danile Alhomsi, former refugee from Syria). 40. 41.

(22) REFSTAD TRANSIT RECEPTION CENTER. Fig. 1. landscape of Refstad reception center.. Fig. 2. Landscape of Refstad reception center.. Fig. 3. Kindergarten in Refstad reception center.. Fig. 4. Wi-Fi room in Refstad reception center.. Fig. 5. Room for women›s gathering in Refstad reception center.. Fig. 6. TV room in Refstad reception center.. Fig. 7. Corridor in Refstad reception center.. Fig. 8. Entrance in Refstad reception center.. 179 refugees 23 languages May 2018. Refstad transittmottak. Schedule:. Mondays: playing activities for children Tuesdays: swimming class + Norwegian courses Everyday morning school for children 18-5. Everyday kindergarten for children under 6. Picnic and outdoor activities during summer.. Reception Owner: “Hero”, Norway›s largest operator for asylum reception. Reception Manager: Balasubramaniam Venkatasamy Adress: Sinsenveien 76,0586 OSLO Telephone: 21525321 ,21525320 Email: refstad.resepsjon@heroeurope.com. It is located in Bjerke district in Oslo. The reception consists of bright fine buildings with a capacity of 350 residents. Until the establishment of the Østfold Arrival Center in the autumn of 2015, Refstad was the main arrival center for entire new comers in Norway. The services of Refstad continue to play a key role in the transit phase through its unique competence in the staff and location in central Oslo. Services include health care, childrens activities with direct access to the garden and safe areas, cafeteria and large common rooms with internet access, reading materials and TV. Refstad has collaboration and agreement with various churches, red cross, redd barna, Valerenga and Handboll fuktun which all function under the supervision of UDI.. 42. “All transit reception centers have military atmosphere and are highly protected. Refstad building has been built by the Germans while Norway was occupied by them over the Second World War. Any single changes should be with the permission of governments. It was an arrival center till 2015 and received 18208 refugees in 2015.” (Balasubramaniam Venkatasamy - Refstad camp manager).. “When the asylum seeker arrives, we make a profile for them based on their background and status. All of the asylum seekers have the rights to eat and to do activities. They all, except the 48h cases, have the right to get help from health care, new clothes and money. They also get 200 kr per week and 100 for each child, and info about the rules and regulations of the center and their rights.” (Ghassan Abo Shelle – Refstad camp coordinator). 43.

(23) SCOPE OF THE PROJECT Our starting point as the first pilot in Norway. Oslo as the local area of the project Norway, as the base of the project. How Norway faces the crisis Laws and regulations Political system Society and population Labor market and work climate General mindset towards the new comers. As the capital of Norway (more diverse population) First arrival spot of the new comers (before their answer and distribution) Different actors’ involvement Access to relevant authorities Center of relevant events and activities Better context fitting diploma frames. our STARTING point as the first pilot. Refugee Status around the world and in each country. Logistical limitations Refstad Transit Reception center. As the context of implementation The first spot after arrival center Accessible with welcoming management/staff Large building with suitable spaces for activities Suitable number of inhabitants With up to 8 month stay. 44. Diploma frame and scope Language barrier Permissions Resources (funding, accessibility) Actors’ willingness and personal agenda Actors’ trust and how much they took us seriously Distance (in some cases) Diversity and exclusion (in some cases) Field complexity and our knowledge compared to it Filed/situation temporality and constant transition. 45.

(24) ASYLUM JOURNEY TO NORWAY SEEKERS. Factors for immigration. “I want to be a vet. Birds don’t have doctors to give them treatment or anyone to take care of them. I want to heal them. I’d like to be a bird so I can return back to my home.” Saja, aged 11 savethechildren.org.uk. How refugees get information about possible migration destinations UNHCR Outposts on refugee camps Smugglers Refugee.info Facebook Socialmedia 4good Other refugees. Natural Disasters Climate change Armed Conflicts Religious differences Sexuality prejudice Political persecution Food insecurity Energy Insecurity Poverty Lack of freedom Crime and abuse. Humanitarian Aids. Refugee camp. WHO. UDI Selection Mission Cases. Norwegian parlimant influence. UDI travels to countries to investigate and interview people on local conditions. Storting decides on number of quota refugees. 46. 47.

(25) Arrival situation in Norway At the beginning of 2016, there were 700,000 immigrants and 150,000 children born to immigrants in Norway. Some 16 percent of the total population in Norway is now of immigrant background. Over 200 nations are represented. Just under 20 percent of immigrants to Norway, around 188,000 people, had a refugee background in January 2016. The three largest groups with a refugee background in Norway are from Somalia, Iraq and Eritrea.. UDI Selection Mission Cases. Norwegian parlimant influence. UDI travels to countries to investigate and interview people on local conditions. Storting decides on number of quota refugees. In autumn 2015, the migration picture in Norway changed. From approximately 12,000–11 asylum seekers arriving in Norway every year over the last two years, 31,145 asylum seekers were registered in 2015, mostly over the course of a few months in the autumn. They mainly came from Syria, Afghanistan, Iran, Eritrea and Iraq. Whereas in 2013 and 2014 there were respectively 1,070 and 1,204 unaccompanied children who registered as asylum seekers in Norway, in 2015 as many as 5,297 unaccompanied asylum-seeking minors arrived in the country. (Hjelde, 2016). Fingerprinting Document checking Document check Preliminaty interview. Norwegian embassies. Smugglers. UDI website. Border Control. 48. 49.

(26) Report. times a 3 year from UDI to the Ministry. Norwegian Directorate of Immigration. INTEGRATION CENTER. Various kinds of information are given to asylum seeker. long-term reception center (months, years). ARRIVAL CENTER. Temporary reception center (1 week). TRANSIT CENTER. Case is formed and ready to be processed. In depth interviews. Temporary reception center (6 week). ORDINARY CENTER. Waiting for case processing can take up to 6 months. long-term reception center (months, years). Informs refugees about rights and obligations as an asylum seeker. 50. 51.

(27) ABOUT DIFFERENT CASES Norway has several different procedures for asylum applicants: If the person is from a country where the inhabitants can get help from their own authorities, his/her asylum application will be processed and rejected within 48 hours. If the person is from Bangladesh, Belarus, Nepal, Russia (ethnic Russians only) or Kosovo (minorities only), his/her asylum application will be processed within three weeks.. Applicants own country is deemed to be able to protect Asylum seeker Armenia, Belarus, Bangladesh, Georgia; Nepal, Russia and Kosovo nationals Case is formed and ready to be processed. Applicant has commited a crime and has no need for protection Rejection on dublin Regulation basis. Waiting for case processing can take up to 6 months. Other rejection reasons. Rejected within 48 hours Case is processed within 3 weeks Rejected within 48 hours. If the person has been in another European country before arriving in Norway, he/she will be sent back there. This is based on the The Dublin III Regulation, and it means that the arrival country is responsible for considering the asylum case. Then UDI will not interview the person. All other applicants will have their applications processed pursuant to the normal procedure. This means that the person can stay in Norway while the UDI is processing his/her application, and the person will normally receive an answer after a few months. If the person commits a crime and does not need protection, the UDI will process and reject the asylum application within a short space of time. (UDI, May 2018). 52. 53.

(28) immigrant receives introductory courses and professional qualification courses ,Language ,Internship ,Social studdies ,Optional courses Nokut for educateds. immigrant will have a personal assistant who will. immigrant receives private accomodation. contact and guide you through the rest of the process. immigrant will recieve a message from kommune. about the introduction program. IMDi distributes individuals to municapalities. Municipalities decide on a number of refugees and single minors to accept. IOM Assists in return. Introductory program for newly arrived refugees From September the 1st 2004 newly arrived refugees between 18 and 55 years of age have the right and obligation to full-time training in basic qualifications and Norwegian language tuition through an introductory program. The refugees receive financial support whilst participating in the introductory program. Taking part in the program is a statutory right and obligation, which applies to refugees, persons granted humanitarian status, persons who have collective protection and to those who immigrate to be reunited with family members in these categories.. “Introduction program is so different in every kommune. Some of them are doing it better than others. The goal of this program is to help the new comer to start working 2 years after arrival, which is not the case for many refugees.” The system is not flexible for different kinds of refugees. For example the system mostly has been designed for people from Afghanistan or Somalia who has lower education. But now we have Syrian refugees with high education but the system is still the same.” (Linn Harbo Dahle, designer with diploma project on integration program). (Kompetanse Norge, May 2018). 54. Asylum case is rejected. UNE appeals court judges cases that were denied at the UDI. 55. Asylum case is accepted. IMDi sends a request for settlement of asylum seeker to the municipalities.

(29) “When they get their residence permit (yes answer) they are left in the jungle. They don›t know anything from outside world. Because they don›t get any help up here. Some of them they do not know how to use internet. So, helping them with these kind of things can be use-ful.”. “Each day we wake up with no plan just eat and sleep. Wake up before lunch, maybe going around Oslo. just this ... ”. “Municipality aims to teach the refugees simple cultural codes to cope with their neighbors or landlord and try to be nice (such as who should say hello first, etc) .If the municipality facilitate this relation with neighbor and refugees it would be really helpful both for refugees and Norwegians to manage their first impression towards each other.” (Susanne Søholt, Researcher at Hioa, Center for Welfare and Labor Research NIBR National Studies and Studies International Studies and Migration). JOURNEY. “In this phase, it is too early to think about work and education. People will not stay. Most of them will return back to their Country. Why should we speak about that?! But we can start to help refugees to find your direction in this stage.” (Ghassan Abo Shelle, Refstad camp coordinator). “When people arrive here, they just need to take care of their medical health and after that, most important thing is to start learning Norwegian! They might not have time to start developing anything!” (Ghassan Abo Shelle, Refstad camp coordinator) – At the first interview before the project got shaped.. ARRIVAL. RECOVERY. 56. “Different Community in the camp have conflict with each other and maybe it is not the best ideas to bring them together.” (Ghassan Abo Shelle, Refstad camp coordinator). WAITING. (Balasubramaniam Venkatasamy Refstad camp manager).. “Introduction program is like a machine you put everyone inside and expect everyone come out like each other.”. (Asylum seeker at Refstad). (...). “Your life here is not dependent on you. You are relying on others. You have to be prepared all the time anything that comes.” (Asylum seeker at Refstad). “They say you will have interview maybe tomorrow, maybe this week … so in this situation it is so hard to plan something for Tomorrow.”. “The stage of looking for a job comes really late in the process. You need to have more time to get a rele-vant job.”. “Internship for refugees is for helping them to learn the language and work culture in Norway. That is why they do not get paid as a regular intern. They do not have enough production. The goal for this internship is different and it does not get communicated and it bring frustration for refugees. (They think it is not fair). Although, there are some employers who take advantage of the system.”. (Asylum seeker at Refstad). (Linn Harbo Dahle, designer with diploma project on integration program). ANSWER. INTRODUCTION PROGRAM. (Linn Harbo Dahle, designer with diploma project on integration program). “If asylum seekers get new skills, they might get a job and apply for another kind of residency. Because by law they need to be recognized resourceful. And it is not something which is always wanted by the governments.” (Elisa Pascucci, Academy of Finland Postdoctoral Researcher, PRIO, University of Tampere). RESETTELMENT. 57. ?.

(30) Stortinget. Become Functional Citizens within the Civil Society With job, education, social life. VOTE Empathy Respect Acknowledgment. Anger Fear Hatred. Tolerance. Exclusion. Acceptance. Rejection. THE MAIN TWO PATHS Some people in Norway (or any other host countries) do not like (or are afraid of ) refugees and put pressure on governments. Maybe from the first look, it doesn’t seem nice, but this is the context of democracy where different perspectives are like a thin veil putting pressure on policy making. But the powerful voices are the ones that change the color of the landscape. After receiving their Yes, refugees are most likely to fall into a place on this spectrum where on one end it is a successful integration accompanied with a sense of belonging, or on the other end, a bitter resentment for the host country that can translate to acts of violence and terrorism. “There is also the third group who say fuck this and go to another country” Therefore, It is so important to consider the first good impression that each community could have on one another. (Anna Kirah, Design anthropologist, CEO at Design without borders). Involvement. Racism Asylum seekers are a big mix of not only cultures and origins, but a combination of different reasons for migration which makes the asylum decision making so difficult. Among the war-torn and calamity affected people, there is a big number of illegal newcomers and criminals who take the advantage of the flow and take the place. (Balasubramaniam Venkatasamy - Refstad camp manager).. 58. 59.

(31) Defines priorities and sets the political tone of conversations. Sylvi Listhaug Minister of immigration and INtegration. Ministry of Justice and Public Security Per-Willy Amundsen,. Decides immigration policy. JOURNEY BACKSTAGE. Stortinget. Who is responsible for what in the field of immigration in Norway?. National Committee for Settlement of Refugees. The Ministry of Justice and Public Security (JD) JD has the overall responsibility for refugee, immigration and integration policy. The Ministry supervises the Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI), the Directorate of Integration and Diversity (IMDi) and the Norwegian Immigration Appeals Board (UNE) through Acts, regulations, budgets and letters of allocation. View JD›s website. Decides the amount of refugees to be settled regionally. Department of Integration. Minister of justice. Report. Letter. Once a year from the Ministry to UDI. times a 3 year from UDI to the Ministry. The Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI) The UDI ensures regulated immigration through processing of applications for various types of residence and work permits, and ensure that refugees receive protection through the processing of asylum applications. The UDI also gives professional input as it regards to the development of policy and rules. View UDI›s website The Directorate of Integration and Diversity (IMDi) IMDi is responsible for immigrants who have been granted residence permits in Norway, and for other tasks in the field of integration and diversity, including implementing The Introduction Act and The Introductory Programme, and deciding about settlement of refugees. View IMDi›s website The obligations of the municipalities The Ministry of Children, Equality and Social Inclusion and its directorates are responsible for the Norwegian immigration and integration policy. The municipality where the refugee/immigrant settles down has the obligation to provide language tuition within three months after settlement.. Frode Forfang UDI Director. Norwegian Directorate of Immigration. Skills Norway In matters concerning immigrant integration, Skills Norway is the knowledge provider for the Ministry of Children, Equality and Social Inclusion and a partner for the Directorate of Integration and Diversity (IMDi). (Kompetanse Norge, May 2018). 60. 61.

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(33) Stakeholders directly associated with the field. Stakeholders directly associated with Refstad REFSTAD RECEPTION CENTER. Refstad Management & Coordination. REFSTAD transit reception center Refstad Staff & Social Workers. Asylum Seekers Refstad inhabitants. Stakeholders indirectly associated with the field. Based on our field studies and plenty of meetings with essential stakeholders in the humanitarian area, we were aware that the complexity of the context could stop any intervention from scratch.. The layer inside Refstad. where we have actors who are directly involved with the asylum seekers and their situation.. Therefore, it was important to take the birds eye view, pick a focal point and place everything else around it. Consequently, we put the reception center (Refstad) as the core point and mapped every other actors in relation to it. As a result, we extracted 3 main layers which made the life so much easier for us in order to deal with the actors involvement!. 64. 65.

(34) REFUGEES CHANGE MAKERS. Refstad Management & Coordination. Refstad Management & Coordination. REFSTAD transit reception center. REFSTAD transit reception center Refstad Staff & Social Workers. Asylum Seekers Refstad inhabitants. Refstad Staff & Social Workers. Asylum Seekers Refstad inhabitants. GUTS TO CHANGE. The border layer of Refstad. which includes the external actors who are directly involved at Refstad and provide services for the inhabitants.. 66. The layer outside Refstad. where we placed organizations who are in this field and indirectly influence the center and the inhabitants.. 67.

(35) MAP OF ACTORS INVOLVMENT. REFUGEES CHANGE MAKERS. REFUGEES CHANGE MAKERS. Refstad Management & Coordination. Refstad Management & Coordination. Refstad Staff & Social Workers. Asylum Seekers Refstad inhabitants. REFSTAD transit reception center. Asylum Seekers Refstad inhabitants. Refstad Staff & Social Workers. GUTS TO CHANGE. 68. GUTS TO CHANGE. 69.

(36) REFSTAD transit reception center Fig. 9. Map of the project process.. Asylum Seekers Refstad inhabitants. START OF THE PROCESS STORY The 3 main layers became the base of our process representation (instead of the double diamond or typical stages of design processes, etc). By adding the designers’ foot print and consultants to the 3 layers of field’s actors, the process got shaped on 5 main layers as following. (Already elaborated in the instruction section). 70. Fig.10. mapping out the project process.. 71.

(37) STORY. INSIDE LAYER reception center & asylum seekers. BORDER LAYER reception center management & involved organizations. INTERVENTION LAYER design process & preparations. Product Co-creation among design students and refugees.. main phase. How can design help the refugees to be considered resourceful instead of needy and provide solutions to value and boost their capabilities? How can the concept of learning by doing and making create a co-development platform to help the refugees with psychosocial health and personal competences/values. How could industries get involved and mass produce some of the products out of the co-creations and make a selling brand which carries this story of production all around the world, inviting others to do as such in their own context? Plus the income would be back to the refugees themselves to help them having a bit of extra salary out of their own work and abilities, also to function as a portfolio for better job finding in their future.. RESEARCH +. DEFINING PRE-DIPLOMA. Melina & Nilu joined for diploma. BORDER LAYER supervision with experts & designers. OUTSIDE LAYER organizations with services in this field. Submitting and presenting the diploma as article.. The proposal got nominated at the conference to be presented as a parallel session. This provided a great chance to get feedback and reflect on the concept.. RSD6-AHO conference. by SOD. 72. 73.

(38) STORY. phase one. Adding the phase of Collaboration to the project.. phase two. RELEVANCE OF THE COLLABORATION PHASE. Coming from our backgrounds in this field (in different countries), we continued going around and learning about other initiatives specifically in Norway.. phase one. Prioritizing the Collaboration phase.. Our frustration raised when we found them not only very similar to our concept, but also very similar to each other with overlapping activities.. phase two. After meeting the Makers Hub members who were actually doing something very similar to our concept, we decided to scale the concept and prioritize the phase two. So Collaboration among stakeholders became the original main phase from a holistic point of view and the Product Co-creation as the second phase, only to keep our feet on the ground with more field details.. As a result, we started questioning the originality and feasibility of the pre-diploma concept and thinking about the need of designing a collaboration platform in which different stakeholders in the humanitarian field contribute towards better orchestrated performance/approach to achieve their common goals and learn from each other.. DECISION. PRIORITIZING. REDEFINING THE CONCEPT. There is a lack of sustainable market opportunities in the humanitarian market. Lack of resources for the creation of longer-term solutions will leave a gap between external decision makers and innovators, and local partners.. Y. MEETING Adrian. MEETING Birger,. from Halogen project external supervisor. EVENT Change by Design by Halogen. Along with the collaboration phase, lack of informative shared knowledge despite of the abundance of similar initiatives in this field, made us to think of a “sharing Platform” where the experiences and processes are shared to teach and inspire. This could be as the implementation tool of the collaboration phase.. SOD, project main supervisor. W. (Fladvad Nielsen, Brita; Kristin Bergtora Sandvik & Maria Gabrielsen Jumbert (2016) How Can Innovation Deliver Humanitarian Outcomes?, PRIO Policy Brief, 12. Oslo: PRIO.). Q. Z. R. D. L. MEETING MakersHub founders (Else & Jack). 75. F. I. H. E. C A. N. J. “There is no proper mechanisms within the humanitarian system to evaluate the stakeholders’ actual impact.” (Homa Hasan, senior project developer, IOM Norge). S. O. K. “UDI used to announce that NGOs can get funding to do activities in camps. But they get the money and come without any clear plan. They don›t know how to use this money. The way we feel is they just want to use the money. It is not sustainable.”. T. M. P. (Balasubramaniam Venkatasamy - Refstad camp manager).. 74. V. U. There is a dearth of evidence that validates the impact of humanitarian innovation initiatives. This confluence of factors leads many humanitarian market stakeholders to conclude that innovation for the humanitarian sector is a waste of financial and human resources. As this short-term focused, low-impact model of humanitarian innovation becomes the standard, there is a clear need to guide this conversation towards effective models for intervention.. The need of a Sharing Platform among the stakeholders in this field. We figured out that our process will not be linear and it is important to reassess in each step to avoid getting lost in the complexity of the field.. X. B. G.

(39) Mergin g the two phases into one main phase and shifting the focus from the sharing platform due to time limit and the complexity of its implementation.. ?. It was needed to be aware of the possibilities and scalability, saying that we cannot solve everything and we cannot even address everything. We needed to cut the field into pieces of design work and prioritize our focus area to define the problematics and find out which one to solve. Also it was important to strategize our process based on our knowledge and by knowing where to put the efforts and make decisions according to our limitations (time frame, resources, diploma criteria, etc).. VISITING & MEETING Refstad reception center coordinator (Ghassan) & manager (Bala). Choosing Refstad transit reception center as the context of this project We shared the idea with them, learned about Refstad and had a tour around. We also got positive feedback about the concept relevance and its necessity.. MAIN PHASE (COMBINATION). phase one. phase two. REDEFINING. PRIORITIZING. main phase DECISION. DECISION. REDEFINING THE CONCEPT. “It is a good time for this kind of projects because UDI is looking for cost effective ones.”. It was a constant note for us to remind ourselves being humble in the face of complexity of the field and consider what is measurable, readable and reflective in our scale.. (Balasubramaniam Venkatasamy - Refstad camp manager). At the same time, we needed to be smart enough not to skip the achievements of our frustration due the findings/learnings which have brought us a big motivation to figure out an inclusive approach, combining the different ideas and possible interventions.. Consequently and by moving between different scales from “what not to do” to “what to do”, we redefined the main phase as Dialogue Facilitation among diverse actors and target groups in this field which by itself could carry a combination of all our previous interests and phases.. MEETING Natalia service design consultant. MEETING YWAM. a nice dinner at every day cafe together with social workers and former refugees. “Same as your approach, there is globally a huge focus on humanitarian emergency responses as well as development programs in long run, where you try to fix the problem now and then try to sustain it. UNHCR is looking for such long term solutions for resilience building and collective development.”. SKYPE MEETING DWB Uganda. MEETING SoCentral (nordic incubator). regional manager (Thomas). (Thomas Bef Flygenring, Lead designer at Design without. “There are two levels that you can work with. One is considered as the official level and another level is when people circulate and try to do as much as they can. You do not need to engage politics in this stage of your project as it mostly refers to the second level. of people engagement”. Among the goals was to onboard them towards co-creating actions and encourage capacity sharing.. project developer (Håkon) & coordinator (Marie). 76. 77.

(40) FEEL AT HOME ACTION. MAIN CONCPET. GRATEFULNESS HOPE SELF-AWARENESS SITUATION COMPETENCES. CO-DESIGN ACTIONS & DIALOGUE FACILITATION. REFSTAD transit reception center Asylum Seekers Refstad inhabitants. USER-CENTERED IMPACT. among different actors involved In Transition. 78. ACTION STRATEGY ADJUSTMENT AWARENESS USER NEEDS COLLABORATION. 79.

(41) STRATEGY The strategy of the design is to facilitate either “IN-IN Scenarios” where asylum seekers take action for the center and learn from each other.. After a lot of ups and downs in defining what we are going to do with the diploma in this complex field, Action Component became the main aspect of the project. Therefore, neither the process nor the strategy was about a traditional design sequence where inquiry and research is done in the first period and then the design/intervention comes after with the results, followed by several tests and iterations.. Or “OUT-IN Scenarios” where relevant stakeholders adjust their activities towards the asylum seekers’ needs and implement their actions inside Refstad.. In fact, the design process or systems change starts from the moment we engaged in the situation and stepped into the field as well as the reception center. This refers to second order cybernetics where the observer is instantly a part of the system. (Glanville, 2002). OUT - IN SCENARIOS. Or “IN-OUT Scenarios” where asylum seekers would become sources for outside stakeholders. The topic of each scenarios are based on “universal skill development” trainings with an aim to build or improve specific competencies for coping with transition regardless of the specific context.. Therefore, as an action design research with user oriented approaches which carries the Soft Systems Methodologies, the strategies are not really planned from the start but was emerging and crystallizing during the project.. The co-learning activities are also meant to provide coaching as a tool to strengthen capabilities for purposeful and dignified waiting.. (Peter Checkland & John Poulter,2006). The process, like an ongoing narrative, moves both inside and outside the reception center simultaneously tracking and gathering the resources, stakeholders, needs, activities, etc and bringing them together to co-design the possible interventions.. “My biggest critics to designer is that they are not taught enough about ethnography. But they think they can do it. You need to know that if you are going to help a group of people, you should understand them from their own perspectives. Designers should understand that user have competencies. Imagine a refugee center where instead everybody being passive, they get involved in designing future.”. On the other hand, our presence along the project is an intervention by itself creating a different state of mind and changing the social system all around the context. It refers to the discussion of dancing with the system (Meadows, 2002) by making use of different tools and approaches, such as playing drum to encourage gatherings, having traditional Syrian tea and talking via Google Translate, responding with other moves when one fails, etc.. REFSTAD transit reception center Asylum Seekers Refstad inhabitants. IN - OUT SCENARIOS. (Anna Kirah, Design anthropologist, CEO at Design without borders). 80. 81. IN - IN SCENARIOS.

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