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/*---*- C++ -*---*\

| ========= |

|

| \\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox

|

| \\ / O peration | Version: 2.1.x

|

| \\ / A nd | Web: www.OpenFOAM.org

|

| \\/ M anipulation |

|

\*---*/

FoamFile {

version 2.0;

format ascii;

class dictionary;

location "constant";

object turbulenceProperties;

}

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

simulationType laminar;

// ************************************************************** //

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writeControl adjustableRunTime;

writeInterval 0.05;

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xix

type createSampledSurface;

surfaceName surface5;

type createSampledSurface;

surfaceName surface10;

xx surface15m

{

type createSampledSurface;

surfaceName surface15;

type createSampledSurface;

surfaceName surface19;

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xxii

variables "Us=alpha1>0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "Us/sum(area())";

variables "Us=alpha1>0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "Us/sum(area())";

variables "Us=alpha1>0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "Us/sum(area())";

variables "Us=alpha1>0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "Us/sum(area())";

verbose true;

}

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variables "Us=alpha1>0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "Us/sum(area())";

variables "Us=alpha1<0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "Us/sum(area())";

variables "Us=alpha1<0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "Us/sum(area())";

variables "Us=alpha1<0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "Us/sum(area())";

verbose true;

}

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variables "Us=alpha1<0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "Us/sum(area())";

variables "Us=alpha1<0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "Us/sum(area())";

variables "Us=alpha1>0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "sqr((Us/sum(area()))*sqr((1000/(1000-

1.2))/(9.81*0.4572)))";

variables "Us=alpha1>0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "sqr((Us/sum(area()))*sqr((1000/(1000-

1.2))/(9.81*0.4572)))";

verbose true;

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variables "Us=alpha1>0.5? sum(mag(U.z)*area()):0;";

expression "sqr((Us/sum(area()))*sqr((1000/(1000-

1.2))/(9.81*0.4572)))";

expression "sqr((Us/sum(area()))*sqr(((1.2/(1000-

1.2)))/(9.81*0.4572)))";

expression "sqr((Us/sum(area()))*sqr(((1.2/(1000-

1.2)))/(9.81*0.4572)))";

verbose true;

}

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expression "sqr((Us/sum(area()))*sqr(((1.2/(1000-

1.2)))/(9.81*0.4572)))";

expression "mag(U.z)/2.118"; //divide sqr(9.81*0.4572) verbose true;

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volumefraction_surface5 {

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expression "sum((alpha1*area()))/sum(area())";

verbose true;

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div(phirb,alpha) Gauss interfaceCompression;

}

xxx snGradSchemes

{

default corrected;

}

fluxRequired {

default no;

p_rgh;

pcorr;

alpha1;

}

// ************************************************************** //

xxxi

xxxii U

{

solver PBiCG;

preconditioner DILU;

tolerance 1e-06;

relTol 0;

} } PIMPLE {

momentumPredictor no;

nCorrectors 2;

nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;

nAlphaCorr 2;

nAlphaSubCycles 3;

cAlpha 1;

}

// ************************************************************** //

xxxiii

sigFpe : Enabling floating point exception trapping (FOAM_SIGFPE).

fileModificationChecking : Monitoring run-time modified files using timeStampMaster

allowSystemOperations : Disallowing user-supplied system call operations

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

Create time

Create polyMesh for time = 0 Time = 0

Overall number of cells of each type:

hexahedra: 0

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Checking patch topology for multiply connected surfaces ...

Patch Faces Points Surface topology

Overall domain bounding box (-2 -0.2286 -19.9996) (3.8446 0.2286 0.35)

Mesh (non-empty, non-wedge) directions (1 1 1) Mesh (non-empty) directions (1 1 1)

Boundary openness (3.56709e-16 -5.18629e-17 2.68061e-17) OK.

Max cell openness = 2.18152e-16 OK.

Max aspect ratio = 6.06972 OK.

Minumum face area = 0.000124931. Maximum face area = 0.0467405.

Face area magnitudes OK.

Min volume = 7.8331e-07. Max volume = 0.00269181. Total volume = 3.69034. Cell volumes OK.

Mesh non-orthogonality Max: 64.0623 average: 17.9052 Non-orthogonality check OK.

Face pyramids OK.

Max skewness = 0.643544 OK.

Coupled point location match (average 0) OK.

Mesh OK.

xxxv

sigFpe : Enabling floating point exception trapping (FOAM_SIGFPE).

fileModificationChecking : Monitoring run-time modified files using timeStampMaster

allowSystemOperations : Disallowing user-supplied system call operations

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

Create time

Create polyMesh for time = 0 Time = 0

Overall number of cells of each type:

hexahedra: 0

xxxvi

Checking patch topology for multiply connected surfaces ...

Patch Faces Points Surface topology

Overall domain bounding box (-4.00132 -0.152209 -20.0015) (1.23029 0.1524 0.2738)

Mesh (non-empty, non-wedge) directions (1 1 1) Mesh (non-empty) directions (1 1 1)

Boundary openness (4.57022e-16 2.2541e-17 3.27903e-17) OK.

Max cell openness = 2.6479e-16 OK.

Max aspect ratio = 4.16107 OK.

Minumum face area = 0.000512308. Maximum face area = 0.0236613.

Face area magnitudes OK.

Min volume = 5.25087e-06. Max volume = 0.000973083. Total volume = 1.56248. Cell volumes OK.

Mesh non-orthogonality Max: 56.3091 average: 17.0262 Non-orthogonality check OK.

Face pyramids OK.

Max skewness = 0.677926 OK.

Coupled point location match (average 0) OK.

Mesh OK.

End

xxxvii

sigFpe : Enabling floating point exception trapping (FOAM_SIGFPE).

fileModificationChecking : Monitoring run-time modified files using timeStampMaster

allowSystemOperations : Disallowing user-supplied system call operations

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

Create time

Create polyMesh for time = 0 Time = 0

Overall number of cells of each type:

hexahedra: 0

xxxviii

Checking patch topology for multiply connected surfaces ...

Patch Faces Points Surface topology

Overall domain bounding box (-4.00285 -0.30474 -20.003) (2.45978 0.304791 0.4262)

Mesh (non-empty, non-wedge) directions (1 1 1) Mesh (non-empty) directions (1 1 1)

Boundary openness (3.19663e-16 6.66025e-17 1.79957e-17) OK.

Max cell openness = 2.0869e-16 OK.

Max aspect ratio = 4.48088 OK.

Minumum face area = 0.000709884. Maximum face area = 0.0755445.

Face area magnitudes OK.

Min volume = 1.03009e-05. Max volume = 0.00688881. Total volume = 6.42033. Cell volumes OK.

Mesh non-orthogonality Max: 51.8639 average: 16.3945 Non-orthogonality check OK.

Face pyramids OK.

Max skewness = 0.549088 OK.

Coupled point location match (average 0) OK.

Mesh OK.

xxxix

sigFpe : Enabling floating point exception trapping (FOAM_SIGFPE).

fileModificationChecking : Monitoring run-time modified files using timeStampMaster

allowSystemOperations : Disallowing user-supplied system call operations

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

Create time

Create polyMesh for time = 0 Time = 0

xl Overall number of cells of each type:

hexahedra: 0

Checking patch topology for multiply connected surfaces ...

Patch Faces Points Surface topology

Overall domain bounding box (-2 -0.22853 -19.9996) (3.8446 0.22827 0.2686)

Mesh (non-empty, non-wedge) directions (1 1 1) Mesh (non-empty) directions (1 1 1)

Boundary openness (-1.03111e-16 4.79973e-17 2.05929e-17) OK.

Max cell openness = 2.02566e-16 OK.

Max aspect ratio = 6.11286 OK.

Minumum face area = 0.00892658. Maximum face area = 0.0510272. Face area magnitudes OK.

Min volume = 0.000485215. Max volume = 0.00301899. Total volume = 3.55627. Cell volumes OK.

Mesh non-orthogonality Max: 42.7066 average: 14.3695 Non-orthogonality check OK.

Face pyramids OK.

Max skewness = 0.457479 OK.

Coupled point location match (average 0) OK.

Mesh OK.

xli

sigFpe : Enabling floating point exception trapping (FOAM_SIGFPE).

fileModificationChecking : Monitoring run-time modified files using timeStampMaster

allowSystemOperations : Disallowing user-supplied system call operations

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

Create time

Create polyMesh for time = 0 Time = 0

xlii Overall number of cells of each type:

hexahedra: 0

Checking patch topology for multiply connected surfaces ...

Patch Faces Points Surface topology

Overall domain bounding box (-2 -0.2286 -19.9996) (3.8446 0.2286 0.35)

Mesh (non-empty, non-wedge) directions (1 1 1) Mesh (non-empty) directions (1 1 1)

Boundary openness (3.56709e-16 -5.18629e-17 2.68061e-17) OK.

Max cell openness = 2.18152e-16 OK.

Max aspect ratio = 6.06972 OK.

Minumum face area = 0.000124931. Maximum face area = 0.0467405.

Face area magnitudes OK.

Min volume = 7.8331e-07. Max volume = 0.00269181. Total volume = 3.69034. Cell volumes OK.

Mesh non-orthogonality Max: 64.0623 average: 17.9052 Non-orthogonality check OK.

Face pyramids OK.

Max skewness = 0.643544 OK.

Coupled point location match (average 0) OK.

Mesh OK.

xliii

APPENDIX F

F.1 Content of enclosed CD

The enclosed CD consists of five folders of the respective cases. Each folder contains graphs in jpeg format of all residuals and all sampled results. One can also find movies of pressure, velocity and volume fraction in each case folder. A special extract of the valve is recorded to indicate the particular higher velocities present. A zipped file of each case with the necessary sub directories 0, constant and system are also included. The geometry and mesh ar included in the zipped folder and can be opened in the pre-processing program Salome.