The data distribution

It is important for the evaluation of the dose-response correlation for materials with the environmental impact that we have as large spread as possible in the concentrations of the most important pollution parameters. In the following figures the yearly mean values for the exposure year 2005-2006 for the reported pollution and climate parameters are given.

In Figure 1 the spread in the SO

₂

concentrations for the exposure year is shown.

The numbering is in accordance with the numbers in Table 2. The values go from

36.1 Katowice µg/m

³

for down to 0.1 µg/m

³

for Casaccia. The distribution is

fairly good. Low values are dominating, as expected, since the total amount of

sulphur emission in Europe has been reduced during the years.

NILU OR 26/2007

Figure 1: The spread in the yearly mean SO

₂

concentrations at the test sites for the test period in ICP Materials.

In Figure 2 the spread in the NO

₂

concentrations for the test period year is shown.

The values go from 69.9 µg/m

³

for Athens down to 1.6 µg/m

³

at Birkenes. The distribution is fairly good. Low values are dominating in the base because of the number of EMEP sites in the programme.

ICP 2005 - 2006

Figure 2: The spread in the yearly mean NO

₂

concentrations at the test sites for

the test period in ICP Materials.

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In Figure 3 the spread in the O

₃

concentrations for the test period is shown. The values go from 88 µg/m

³

for the EMEP station outside Toledo down to 12 µg/m

³

for Prague-Ltnany. The distribution is as expected. It is a clustering of values around 50 µg/m

³

. The low values are observed in the big cities and high values in rural areas in the south and up in the alpine area.

ICP 2005 - 2006

Figure 3: The spread in the yearly means O

₃

concentrations at the test sites for

the test period in ICP Materials.

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In Figure 4 the spread for pH in the test period is shown. The pH values go from 6.42 for the Riga stations down to 4.16 in Lahemaa. The high values are observed in areas with alkaline dust.

ICP 2005 - 2006

35 23

45

10 1

3 33 40 31 52

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

pH

Site no

Figure 4: The spread in the yearly means pH values at the test sites for the test

period in ICP Materials.

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In Figure 5 the spread for temperature in the test period is shown. The yearly temperature goes from 0.3˚C for the Svanvik station up to 15.3˚C in Madrid. For the months of October to December that were reported from Athens the mean temperature was 16.3˚C. Site 35 Lahemaa only reported temperature values for November and December. The temperature database should cover the spread expected to find through out most of Europe.

ICP 2005 - 2006

35 44

23 45 26 52 21 50 3 24 1 10

33 40 16 15

31 14 51

-5 0 5 10 15 20

Temp (o C)

Site no

Figure 5: The spread in the yearly mean temperature at the test sites for the test

period for ICP Materials.

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In Figure 6 the spread for Relative humidity in the test period is shown. The yearly average RH go from 56 for the Madrid station in Spain up to 86 in Aspvreten in Sweden. The RH database should cover the spread expected to find through out Europe, but the variation for the main range of stations may be small for statistical treatment.

ICP 2005 - 2006

15 31 14

33 51

40 1 21 24

3 10 16 50 52

44 23 45 26

50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90

RH (%)

Site no

Figure 6: The spread in the yearly mean relative humidity at the test sites for the

test period for ICP Materials.

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In Error! Reference source not found. 7 the spread for mm precipitation in the test period is shown. The spread is from 374.2 mm in Athens (lacking one usually dry month, September) to 1623.1 mm at Birkenes.

ICP 2005 - 2006

31 35 3 1 52 40

15 50 33 44 10

21 16 45

23

51

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800

mm

Site no

Figure 7: The spread in the yearly sum of precipitation at the test sites for the test period for ICP Materials.

Figure 8 to Figure 10 give the results from the measurements using the IVL

passive samplers f or HNO

3

and particle deposition.

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In Figure 8 the spread for particle deposition in the test period is shown. The figure show yearly average values from bi-monthly sampling in a position sheltered from rain and from yearly sampling in a position sheltered from both rain and wind. The rain sheltered particle deposition values go from 4.06 µg cm

^-2

month at the EMEP site Aspvreten in Sweden to 145.9 µg cm

^-2

month in Athens.

The spread is good, but two sites have high, Riga = 57.2 µg cm

^-2

month and very high (Athens) values.

2005 -2006

26 23 37 45 44 33 35 21 31 10 3 1

50 24 41 40 52

51

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

µg cm

-2

month

Sheltered from rain

Sheltered from rain and wind

Figure 8: The spread in the yearly mean particle deposition at the test sites for

the test period for ICP Materials.

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Error! Reference source not found. 9 show the reflectance values ln (R

0

/R) where R0 is the reflectance before exposure and R the reflectance after exposure for the soiled surfaces of the passive samplers, corresponding to the values for the particle deposition on the samplers in Figure 8. The relative reflectance for the rain sheltered samples values go from 0 for the site Aspvreten in Sweden to 0.12 for the traffic station in Berlin. The relative reflectance for the rain and wind sheltered samples values go from 0 for ≈ 50 % of the samples to 0.05 for Riga.

The spread is good for the samples sheltered from rain, but less good with many zero values for the samples sheltered from both rain and wind. Generally, the sites showing loss of reflectance are the cities where black soot from traffic pollution is expected.

26 44 37 23 33 45 35 31 21 10 3 1 24

40 50 52

51 41

0.00 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15

Sheltered from rain ln(R0/R)

Sheltered from rain and wind ln(R0/R)

2005 -2006

Figure 9: The spread in the yearly mean relative reflectance of the soiled sample

surfaces given as ln (R

₀

/R) at the test sites for the test period for ICP

Materials.

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In Error! Reference source not found.10 the spread for HNO

3

concentrations in the test period is shown. The figure show yearly average values from bi-monthly sampling in a position sheltered from rain. The values go from 0.064 µg cm

^-3

at Svanvik in northern Norway to 1.18 µg cm

^-3

in Madrid. The spread is good.

44

26 23

37 52 21 35

41 45 33

3 24 10 1

40

50 51 31

-0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5

µg cm

-3

HNO3 - Sheltered from rain

2005 -2006

Figure 10: The spread in the yearly mean HNO

3

values for the test sites for the

test period for ICP Materials.

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In document 26-2007-teg-Multi-assess.pdf (309.5Kb) (sider 14-24)