6. Inhibitor design and future perspective
6.1 Towards 2 nd generation of thiophosphonate- and triazole-based inhibitors
As análises termogravimétricas foram realizas para verificar o comportamento térmico e as possíveis variações ocorridas no processamento do PET reciclado e dos compósitos, sendo que a amostra de PET reciclado, após processamento e os compósitos, apresentaram pequeno aumento nas temperaturas inicial de decomposição e nas temperaturas de taxa de decomposição máxima, como também os resíduos a 700ºC foram coerentes com as formulações preparadas.
Os resultados de DSC mostraram redução na temperatura de Tg, tanto para o PET reciclado processado como para os compósitos, em relação ao PET reciclado não processado. Para a temperatura de fusão foi observado um aumento nos valores de acordo com o conteúdo de flocos de vidro. Porém, o menor grau de cristalinidade foi obtido para o compósito com 5% de flocos de vidro.
Os ensaios das propriedades físico-mecânicas foram realizadas com a finalidade de obter informações da influência das diferentes frações volumétricas de flocos de vidro na matriz de PET reciclado. O módulo de elasticidade e a resistência à tração aumentaram com o aumento da fração volumétrica dos flocos de vidro nos compósitos, porém, a resistência à tração dos compósitos foram menores em relação ao PET reciclado processado. Este comportamento está associado à pobre adesão fibra/matriz foi observada por meio da análise de MEV. A incorporação de 20% de flocos de vidro registrou ganhos nas propriedade mecânica, como no módulo de elasticidade e na resistência à tração.
A resistência ao impacto Izod dos compósitos não apresentaram ganhos significativos em relação à fração volumétrica de flocos de vidro, entretanto, o
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compósito PET/10% flocos de vidro apresentou menor resistência ao impacto, fato este atrib uído ao maior grau de cristalinidade.
A temperatura de amolecimento (VICAT) apresentou ganhos significativos com a incorporação dos flocos de vidro, sendo que este comportamento era esperado devido à resistência à penetração.
No ensaio de inflamabilidade dos compósitos, os resultados obtidos foi a auto extinção com a remoção da chama, antes de atingir a primeira marca (25 mm),.
A análise termo-dinâmico-mecânica foi realizada para verificar o comportamento viscoelástico dos compósitos, onde os módulos de armazenamento dos compósitos aumentaram com o conteúdo de flocos de vidro, atribuídos ao aumento da rigidez, tendo como consequência, a redução da mobilidade das cadeias. Com o aumento da temperatura, cerca de 70ºC, os compósitos mostraram redução no módulo de armazenamento, que reflete a perda das propriedades elásticas em relação às plásticas, como consequência do aumento do módulo de perda. Um crescimento no módulo de armazenamento após a temperatura de Tg é provavelmente devido ao processo de cristalização a frio.
Os valores de Tg obtidos a partir do pico de tan δ nos compósitos, apresentaram pequenas reduções nos seus valores, podendo ser atribuída a pobre adesão interfacial entre o PET reciclado e os flocos de vidro. Portanto, esta observação de pobre adesão interfacial foi verificada nas análises de MEV. Além disso nas fotomicrografias foi observado que os flocos de vidro apresentavam orientações diferentes no centro do corpo de prova e na camada superficial do mesmo.
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6. SUGESTÕES PARA TRABALHOS FUTUROS
Estudar a Influência de agentes de compatibilização no comportamento térmico e mecânico do PET reciclado reforçado com flocos de vidro.
Aumentar o teor de flocos de vidro para identificar o limite máximo de incorporação à matriz de PET reciclado.
Avaliar o comportamento interfacial dos compósitos de PET reciclado com flocos de vidro.
Estudar o mecanismo de cristalização do PET reciclado na presença de diferentes teores de flocos de vidro.
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