2.3. Voksenopplæring og tilpasset opplæring
2.3.5. Deltakerforutsetninger - den voksne eleven
A limpeza e esterilização da espuma de poliuretano antes de sua utilização como carreador celular é importante e o protocolo avaliado é viável e eficiente. A bactéria Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25619 pode ser usada como organismo teste para ensaios de imobilização celular. Espuma flexível de poliuretano de 16 e 23 kg/m3 são suportes igualmente eficientes para adesão e crescimento da bactéria P. aeruginosa ATCC 25619 em concentrações de biofilme no meio de cultura LB e (LB-1/10). Em função das características de maior resistência mecânica da espuma D23 em comparação à D16 e o menor custo do meio de cultura LB-1/10, estes parâmetros podem ser usados para experimentos de imobilização celular por adsorção natural, visando aplicação em processos de biotecnologia ambiental.
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CAPÍTULO 3
Seleção de Linhagens Microbianas Cultiváveis de Origem Ambiental para Imobilização Celular: Associação entre Parâmetros Qualitativos e
Quantitativos
RESUMO
Poluição ambiental por compostos orgânicos é um problema global e processos biológicos são utilizados para restaurar ambientes poluídos. Imobilização microbiana sobre superfícies abióticas é uma estratégia para melhorar a eficiência desses processos. Nesta técnica, a adesão celular é a etapa fundamental para a colonização e subsequente formação de biofilmes. Portanto, o uso de linhagens com propriedades adesivas é um fator crítico para o sucesso da imobilização. Neste trabalho, linhagens microbianas cultiváveis de origem ambiental foram fenotipicamente caracterizadas quanto à hidrofobicidade, adesão ao poliestireno, produção de exopolissacarídeo e fibras amilóides. A retenção celular foi quantificada por contagem de células viáveis utilizando espuma de poliuretano como material suporte. O grau de hidrofobicidade variou de moderadamente hidrofóbico para hidrofílico, enquanto que a adesão ao poliestireno, a produção de exopolissacarídeo e de fibras amiloides variaram de forte para negativo. Os resultados dos testes qualitativos foram transformados em escores e observou-se uma relação direta entre as características qualitativas e número de células aderidas em espuma de poliuretano. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos com a bactéria Gram negativa
Serratia marcescens e a levedura Candida rugosa e, portanto, estas foram
selecionadas para testes posteriores de imobilização.
Palavras-chave: Hidrofobicidade, adesão celular, imobilização celular, Serratia
CHAPTER 3
Selection of Culturable Environmental Microbial Strains for Cellular Immobilization: Association of Phenotypic Adhesive Characteristics and
Quantitative Cellular Retention
ABSTRACT
Environmental pollution by organic compounds is a global problem. Biological treatment methods are used to restore polluted environments. Microbial immobilization on abiotic surfaces is a recent strategy to improve the efficiency of these processes. In this technique, cell adhesion is a fundamental step for subsequent colonization and biofilm formation. Therefore, the use of strains with adhesive properties is a critical factor for successful immobilization. In this work, culturable environmental microbial strains were phenotypically characterized regarding their hydrophobicity, adhesion to polystyrene and production of exopolysaccharides and amyloid fibers. The cell retention was quantified by counting viable cells using polyurethane foam as material support. The degree of hydrophobicity varied from moderately hydrophobic to hydrophilic, while the adhesion to polystyrene and production of exopolysaccharides and amyloid fibers ranged from strong to negative. The results of qualitative tests were transformed into scores and a direct relationship between the qualitative characteristics and number of adhered cells on polyurethane foam was observed. The Gram-negative bacterium Serratia
marcescens and the yeast Candida rugosa showed the best results and were
selected for further immobilization tests.
Keywords: Hydrophobicity, Cell adhesion, Cell immobilization, Serratia marcescens,