• No results found

Utilizamos em nosso levantamento a mesma lista de bases de dados apresentada na seção D. Procedemos com a busca de textos utilizando as palavras-chave divididas nas áreas: (1a) Philosophy, (1b) Theory, e (1c) Epistemology; (2a) Physiology, (2b) Neuroscience, (2c) Brain, (2d) Cognitive Neuroscience, e (2e) Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience.

Só foram selecionados os textos que contiveram ao menos uma palavra-chave de cada área, seja em seu título, palavras-chave e resumo (no caso de artigos), ficha catalográfica e

8 Mas não só os textos da bibliografia selecionada. Há textos que tratam de temas teórico-filosóficos do

behaviorismo radical que foram utilizados mesmo sem fazer parte da lista dos selecionados. Por exemplo: no capítulo 6 resolvemos apresentar brevemente a definição do operacionismo de Skinner. Moore (1981) é um texto bastante pertinente sobre o assunto e, por isso, o utilizamos. Mas Moore (1981) não trata da relação entre análise do comportamento e neurociências e, por isso, ele não faz parte da lista.

32 capítulo introdutório (no caso de livros). A justificava para esse critério é que, dessa forma, eliminamos uma quantidade significativa de artigos e livros que tratam apenas, por exemplo, de “cérebro” ou de “epistemologia”.

A partir dos parâmetros estabelecidos pelas palavras-chave, chegamos à seleção de 106 textos, entre artigos, livros completos e capítulos de livros:

1. Albright, T. D., Jessell, T. M., Kandel, E. R., & Posner, M. I. (2000). Neural science: a century of progress and the mysteries that remain. Cell, 100, 1-55.

2. Baars, B. J., & Gage, N. M. (2007). Cognition, brain, and consciousness: introduction

to cognitive neuroscience. London: Academic Press.

3. Barendregt, M., & Van Rappard, J. F. H. (2004). Reductionism revisited: on the role of reduction in psychology. Theory & Psychology, 14, 453-474.

4. Bechtel, W. (2001). The compatibility of complex systems and reduction: a case analysis of memory research. Minds and Machines, 11, 483-502.

5. Bechtel, W. (2002). Decomposing the mind-brain: a long-term pursuit. Brain and Mind,

3, 229-242.

6. Bechtel, W. (2005). The challenge of characterizing operations in the mechanisms underlying behavior. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 84(3), 313-325. 7. Bechtel, W. (2007). Reducing psychology while maintaining its autonomy via

mechanistic explanations. In M. Schouton, & H. L. De Jong (Eds.), The matter of the

mind: philosophical essays on psychology, neuroscience, and reduction (pp. 172-198). Malden: Blackwell Publishing.

8. Bechtel, W. (2008). Mental mechanisms: philosophical perspectives on cognitive

neuroscience. New York: Routledge.

9. Bechtel, W. (2009). Looking, down, around, and up: mechanistic explanation in psychology. Philosophical Psychology, 22(5), 543-564.

10. Bechtel, W. (2009). Molecules, systems, and behavior: another view of memory consolidation. In J. Bickle (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of philosophy and neuroscience (pp. 13-40). New York: Oxford University Press.

11. Bechtel, W., & Abrahamsen, A. (2005). Explanation: a mechanist alternative. Studies in

History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 36, 421-441.

12. Bechtel, W., & Abrahamsen, A. (2010). Understanding the brain as an endogenously active mechanism. In: Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Cognitive

Science Society. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.

13. Bechtel, W., & Hamilton, A. (2007). Reduction, integration, and the unity of science: natural, behavioral, and social sciences and the humanities. In: T. Kuipers (Ed.), General philosophy of science: focal issues (pp. 377-430). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

14. Bechtel, W., & McCauley (1999). Heuristic identity theory (or back to the future): the mind-body problem against the background of research strategies in cognitive neuroscience. In M. Hahn, & S. C. Stoness (Eds.), Proceedings of the 21st Annual

Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 67-72). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

15. Bechtel, W., & Richardson, R. C. (2010a). Discovering complexity: decomposition and

33 16. Bechtel, W., & Richardson, R. C. (2010b). Neuroimaging as a tool for functionally decomposing cognitive processes. In: S. J. Hanson, & M. Bunzl (Eds.), Foundational

issues in human brain mapping (pp. 241-261). Cambridge: The MIT Press.

17. Bennett, M. R., & Hacker, P. M. S. (2001). Perception and memory in neuroscience: a conceptual analysis. Progress in Neurobiology, 65, 499-543.

18. Bennett, M. R., & Hacker, P. M. S. (2002). The motor system in neuroscience: a history and analysis of conceptual developments. Progress in Neurobiology, 67, 1-52.

19. Bennett, M. R., & Hacker, P. M. S. (2003). Philosophical foundations of neuroscience. Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing.

20. Bickle, J. (1992). Multiple realizability and psychophysical reduction. Behavior and

Philosophy, 20, 47-58.

21. Bickle, J. (1995). Psychoneural reduction of the genuinely cognitive: some accomplished facts. Philosophical Psychology, 8(3), 265-285.

22. Bickle, J. (1996). New wave psychophysical reduction and the methodological caveats.

Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 56, 57-78.

23. Bickle, J, (1998). Psychoneural reduction: the new wave. Cambridge: The MIT Press. 24. Bickle, J. (2001). Understanding neural complexity: a role for reduction. Minds and

Machines, 11, 467-481.

25. Bickle, J. (2003a). Philosophy of mind and the neurosciences. In S. Stich, & T. Warfield (Eds.), The Blackwell guide to philosophy of mind (pp. 322-351). Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing.

26. Bickle, J. (2003b). Philosophy of neuroscience: a ruthlessly reductive account. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

27. Bickle, J. (2006). Reducing mind to molecular pathways: explicating the reductionism implicit in current cellular and molecular neuroscience. Synthese, 151, 411-434.

28. Bickle, J. (2006). Ruthless reductionism in recent neuroscience. IEEE Transactions on

Systems, Man, and Cybernetics – Part C: Applications and Reviews, 36(2), 134-140. 29. Bickle, J. (2007). Who says you can't do a molecular biology of consciousness? In M.

Schouton, & H. L. De Jong (Eds.), The matter of the mind: philosophical essays on

psychology, neuroscience, and reduction (pp. 275-297). Malden: Blackwell Publishing. 30. Bickle, J. (2007). Ruthless reductionism and social cognition. Journal of Physiology,

101, 230-235.

31. Bickle, J. (2008). Cognitive behaviors and molecular neurobiology: explanations ‘in a single bound’. In: J. E. Burgos, & E. Ribes-Iñesta (Eds.), The brain-behavior nexus:

conceptual issues: Proceedings of the 10th biannual symposium on the science of behavior (pp. 13-22). Guadalajara: Universidad de Guadalajara.

32. Bickle, J. (2008). Real reduction in real neuroscience: metascience, not philosophy of science (and certainly not metaphysics!). In J. Hohwy, & J. Kallestrup (Eds.), Being

reduced: new essays on reduction, explanation, and causation (pp. 34-51). New York: Oxford University Press.

33. Bickle, J. (2008). The molecules of social recognition memory: implications for social cognition, extended mind, and neuroethics. Consciousness and Cognition, 17, 468-474. 34. Bickle, J. (2009). Cellular and subcellular neuroscience. In J. Symons, & P. Calvo

(Eds.), The Routledge companion to philosophy of psychology (pp. 400-415). London: Routledge.

35. Bickle, J. (2010). Has the last decade of challenges to the multiple realization argument provided aid and comfort to psychoneural reductionists? Synthese, 177, 247-260.

34 36. Bickle, J. (no prelo). A brief history of neuroscience’s actual influences on mind-brain reductionism. In S. Gozzano, & C. S. Hill, (Eds.), New Perspectives on Type Identity:

The Mental and the Physical (pp. XX-XX). New York: Cambridge University Press9. 37. Bickle, J., & Ellis, R. (2005). Phenomenology and cortical microstimulation. In D. W.

Smith, A. L. Thomasson (Eds.), Phenomenology and philosophy of mind (pp. 140-163). New York: Oxford University Press.

38. Bickle, J., Mandik, P., & Landreth, A. (2010). The philosophy of neuroscience. Stanford

Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retirado em 02/04/2011, de

http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/neuroscience/

39. Chemero, A., & Heyser, C. (2009). Methodology and reduction in the behavioral neurosciences: object exploration as a case study. In J. Bickle (Ed.), The Oxford

handbook of philosophy and neuroscience (pp. 68-90). New York: Oxford University Press.

40. Churchland, P. S. (1986). Neurophilosophy: toward a unified science of mind-brain. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

41. Cooper, R., & Shallice, T. (2010). Cognitive neuroscience: the troubled marriage of cognitive science and neuroscience. Topics in Cognitive Sciece, 2, 398-406.

42. Cowan, W., Harter, D., & Kandel, E. (2000). The emergence of modern neuroscience: some implications for neurology and psychiatry. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 23, 343-391.

43. Craver, C. (2001). Role functions, mechanisms, and hierarquy. Philosophy of Science,

68, 53-74.

44. Craver, C. (2002). Interlevel experiments and multilevel mechanisms in the neuroscience of memory. Philosophy of Science, 69(3), 83-97.

45. Craver, C. F. (2005). Beyond reduction: mechanisms, multifield integration and the unity of neuroscience. Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical

Sciences, 36, 373-395.

46. Craver, C. (2006). When mechanistic models explain. Synthese, 153, 355-376.

47. Craver, C. (2007). Explaining the brain: mechanisms and the mosaic unity of

neuroscience. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

48. Craver, C. (2009). Levels of mechanisms: a field guide to the hierarchical structure of the world. In J. Symons, & P. Calvo (Eds.), The Routledge companion to philosophy of

psychology (pp. 387-399). London: Routledge.

49. Craver, C., & Bechtel, W. (2006). Mechanism. In S Sarkar, & J. Pfeifer (Eds.),

Philosophy of science: an encyclopedia (pp. 469-478). New York: Routledge.

50. Craver, C., & Bechtel, W. (2007). Top-down causation without top-down causes.

Biology and Philosophy, 22, 547-563.

51. Craver, C. F., & Darden, L. (2005). Introduction. Studies in History and Philosophy of

Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 36, 233-244.

52. Cummins, R. (2000). “How does it work?” versus “What are the laws?”: two conceptions of psychological explanation. In F. Keil, & R. Wilson (Eds.), Explanation

and cognition (pp. 117-144). Cambridge: The MIT Press.

53. Darden, L. (2008). Thinking again about biological mechanisms. Philosophy of Science,

75, 958-969.

54. Darden, L., & Maull, N. (1977). Interfield theories. Philosophy of Science, 44(1), 43-64. 55. Darden, L., & Tabery, J. (2009). Molecular biology. Stanford Encyclopedia of

Philosophy. Retirado em 25/5/2011, de http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/molecular- biology/

35 56. Finger, S. (1994). Origins of neuroscience: a history of explorations into brain function.

New York: Oxford University Press.

57. Finger, S. (2000). Minds behind the brain: a history of the pioneers and their

discoveries. New York: Oxford University Press.

58. Gallistel, C.R., & King, A. P. (2010). Memory and the computational brain: why

cognitive science will transform neuroscience. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

59. Gillett, C. (2007). The metaphysics of mechanisms and the challenge of the new reductionism. In M. Schouton, & H. L. De Jong (Eds.), The matter of the mind:

philosophical essays on psychology, neuroscience, and reduction (pp. 76-100). Malden: Blackwell Publishing.

60. Glennan, S. (1996). Mechanisms and the nature of causation. Erkenntnis, 44(1), 49-71. 61. Gold, I., & Stoljar, D. (1999). A neuron doctrine in the philosophy of neuroscience.

Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, 809-869.

62. Hardcastle, V. G. (2009). The interface between psychology and neuroscience. In J. Symons, & P. Calvo (Eds.), The Routledge companion to philosophy of psychology (pp. 164-179). London: Routledge.

63. Hawkins, R. D., & Kandel, E. (1984a). Is there a cell-biological alphabet for simple forms of learning? Psychological Review, 91, 375-391.

64. Hawkins, R. D., & Kandel, E. (1984b). Steps toward a cell-biological alphabet for elementary forms of learning, In: G. Lynch, L. McGaugh, & N. W. Weinberger (Eds.),

Neurobiology of learning and memory (pp. 385-404). New York, Guilford Press.

65. Hohwy, J., & Kallestrup, J. (2008). Being reduced: new essays on reduction,

explanation, and causation. New York: Oxford University Press.

66. Horst, S. (2007). Beyond reduction: philosophy of mind and post-reductionist

philosophy of science. New York: Oxford University Press.

67. Jacobson, M. (1993). Foundations of neuroscience. New York: Plenum Press.

68. Kandel, E. (1976). Cellular basis of behavior: an introduction to behavioral

neurobiology. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company.

69. Kandel, E. (1982). The origins of modern neuroscience. Annual Review of

Neuroscience, 5, 299-303.

70. Kandel, E. (2006). In search of memory: the emergence of a new science of mind. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.

71. Kistler, M. (2009). Mechanisms and downward causation. Philosophical Psychology,

22(5), 595-609.

72. Kolb, B., Gibb, R., & Robinson, T. (2003). Brain plasticity and behavior. Current

Directions in Psychological Science, 12(1), 1-5.

73. Machamer, P., Darden, L., & Craver, C. (2000). Thinking about mechanisms.

Philosophy of Science, 67, 1-25.

74. Machamer, P. (2009). Learning, neuroscience, and the return of behaviorism. In J. Bickle (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of philosophy and neuroscience (pp. 166-176). New York: Oxford University Press.

75. Maren, S. (2003). The amygdala, synaptic plasticity, and fear memory. Annals of the

New York Academy of Sciences, 985, 106-113.

76. McCauley, R., & Bechtel, W. (2001). Explanatory pluralism and heuristic identity theory. Theory & Psychology, 11(6), 736-760.

77. Ochs, S. (2004). A history of nerve functions: from animal spirits to molecular

mechanisms. New York: Cambridge University Press.

78. Pereira Junior, A. (2001). Breve histórico da neurociência cognitiva. In M. E. Gonzales, C. DelMasso, & J. C. Piqueira (Orgs.), Encontros com as ciências cognitivas (Vol. 4). São Paulo: Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências - UNESP.

36 79. Piccinini, G., & Craver, C. (2011). Integrating psychology and neuroscience: functional

analyses as mechanism sketches. Synthese, 183(3), 283-311.

80. Polger, T. W. (2007). Some metaphysical anxieties of reductionism. In M. Schouton, & H. L. De Jong (Eds.), The matter of the mind: philosophical essays on psychology,

neuroscience, and reduction (pp. 51-75). Malden: Blackwell Publishing.

81. Raichle, M. E. (2010). Two views of brain function. Trends in Cognitive Neuroscience,

14(4), 180-190.

82. Rapport, R. (2005). Nerve endings: the discovery of the synapse. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.

83. Robins, S., & Craver, C. (2009). Biological clocks: explaining with models of mechanisms. In J. Bickle (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of philosophy and neuroscience (pp. 41-67). New York: Oxford University Press.

84. Robinson, D. (1995). The logic of reductionistic models. New Ideas in Psychology,

13(1), 1-8.

85. Robinson, J. D. (2001). Mechanisms of synaptic transmission: bridging the gaps (1890-

1990). New York: Oxford University Press.

86. Rosenberg, A. (2001). Philosophy of molecular biology. Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, 1-6.

87. Rosenberg, A. (2006). Darwinian reductionism: or, how to stop worrying and love

molecular biology. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

88. Schouten, M., & De Jong, H. L. (1999). Reduction, elimination, and levels: the case of the LTP-learning link. Philosophical Psychology, 12(3), 237-262.

89. Schouten, M., & De Jong, H. L. (2005). Ruthless reductionism: a review essay of John Bickle’s Philosophy and neuroscience: a ruthlessly reductive account. Philosophical

Psychology, 18(4), 473-486.

90. Silva, A. (2007). The science of research: the principles underlying the discovery of cognitive and other biological mechanisms. Journal of Physiology, 101, 203-213.

91. Silva, A., & Bickle, J. (2009). The science of research and the search for molecular mechanisms of cognitive functions. In J. Bickle (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of

philosophy and neuroscience (pp. 92-126). New York: Oxford University Press.

92. Sperry, R. W. (1993). The impact and promise of the cognitive revolution. American

Psychologist, 48(8), 878-885.

93. Squire, L., & Kandel, E. (1999). Memory: From mind to molecules. New York: Scientific American Library.

94. Stoljar, D., & Gold, I. (1998). On biological and cognitive neuroscience. Mind &

Language, 13(1), 110-131.

95. Sullivan, J. A. (2009). The multiplicity of experimental protocols: a challenge to reductionist and non-reductionist models of the unity of neuroscience. Synthese, 167, 511-539.

96. Swcatt, J. D. (2010). Mechanisms of memory (2a ed.). London: Academic Press.

97. Thagard, P. (2003). Pathways to biomedical discovery. Philosophy of Science, 70, 235- 254.

98. Uttal, W. (2001). The new phrenology: the limits of localizing cognitive processes in the

brain. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

99. Uttal, W. (2005). Neural theories of mind: why the mind-brain problem may never be

solved. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

100. Uttal, W. (2008). Brain images and the mind. In: J. E. Burgos, & E. Ribes-Iñesta (Eds.),

The brain-behavior nexus: conceptual issues: Proceedings of the 10th biannual symposium on the science of behavior (pp. 23-42). Guadalajara: Universidad de Guadalajara.

37 101. Uttal, W. (2011). Mind and brain: a critical appraisal of cognitive neuroscience.

Cambridge: The MIT Press.

102. Vanderwolf, C. H. (2007). The evolving brain: the mind and the neural control of

behavior. Amsterdan: Springer.

103. Valenstein, E. S. (1973). Brain control: a critical examination of brain stimulation and

psychosurgery. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

104. Woodward, J. (2008). Mental causation and neural mechanisms. In J. Hohwy, & J. Kallestrup (Eds.), Being reduced: new essays on reduction, explanation, and causation (pp. 218-262). New York: Oxford University Press.

105. Wright, C. (2007). Is psychological explanation becoming extinct? In M. Schouton, & H. L. De Jong (Eds.), The matter of the mind: philosophical essays on psychology,

neuroscience, and reduction (pp. 249-274). Malden: Blackwell Publishing.

106. Wright, C., & Bechtel, W. (2007). Mechanisms and psychological explanation. In P. Thagard (Ed.), Handbook of the philosophy of science: Philosophy of psychology and

cognitive science (pp. 31-79). Amsterdam: Elsevier.