Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Majeed Pelvic Outcome Score
Bere T 1, Clarke-Jenssen J 1, Madsen JE 1,2, Ebbs EK3, Clarsen B 4, Bredesen IM 1,5, Holm I 1,2, Røise O 1,2
1Orthopaedic Department, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, 2Faculty of Medicine, University Oslo,
3Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health, Oslo University Hospital,
4Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 5Faculty of Health and Social Science, University of South-Eastern Norway
Introduction: The Majeed Pelvic Outcome Score was presented in 1989 to assess function after major pelvic injury (1) and has become one of the most commonly used patient-reported outcome score for pelvic fracture patients (2).
Objective: To translate the Majeed score from its original English version into Norwegian based on recommended guidelines (3, 4).
Design and Methods: The process involved the following five steps: 1) Initial translation, which was a forward translation by two independent bilingual translators (pelvic surgeons) with Norwegian as their mother tongue. The translations were compared and discrepancies were noted (research coordinator).
Wording choices were identified and discussed with the translators, before a consensus was made. 2) Back translation, which was a validity check by two independent bilingual translators (physiotherapists) with English as their mother tongue. The translations were compared and discrepancies were noted (research coordinator). 3) All translations and notes were reviewed by a committee, consisting of three health professionals with extensive research and clinical experience (one nurse, one physiotherapist and one surgeon). The committee reached a consensus on all discrepancies found and rephrased some words/sentences for better understanding in Norwegian. 4) The preliminary version was tested on three pelvic fracture patients for wording and understanding. 5) The responses from the patients were evaluated by the committee, before the final version was presented.
Results: The discrepancies found were mainly due to different choices of wording. For the items concerning working and walking, some modifications were made for better understanding in
Norwegian. Regarding the scoring system for the most severe function, which has a range, we decided to fix the score at the highest value for each category.
Conclusion: We recommend the use of the Norwegian version of the questionnaire among Norwegian pelvic fracture patients. However, the validity, reliability and responsiveness of the questionnaire have so far not been documented.
References:
1. Majeed SA. Grading the outcome of pelvic fracture. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1989:71-B(2):304-6.
2. Lefaivre KA, Slobogean GP, Valeriote J, et al. Reporting and interpretation of the functional outcomes after the surgical treatment of disruptions of the pelvic ring. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2012;94-B(4):549-55.
3. Guillemin f, Bombardier C, Beaton C. Cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality of life measures: Literature review and proposed guidelines. J Clin Epidemiol 1993;46: 1417-32.
4. Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, et al. Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine 2000; 25(24):3186-91.
Majeed score
Sett ett kryss SMERTER
Intense ved aktivitet, vedvarer i hvile Intense ved aktivitet, avtar i hvile
Akseptable smerter, men begrenser aktivitet Smerter ved moderat aktivitet, forsvinner i hvile Lette smerter i perioder, normal aktivitet Lite eller ingen smerter
ARBEID
Ikke i arbeid (sykemeldt, ufør, pensjonist, etc.) Utfører kun lett arbeid
Byttet jobb som følge av skaden Samme type jobb, redusert yteevne Samme type jobb, samme yteevne
SITTE Smertefullt
Smertefullt etter noe tid eller i bestemte stillinger Ubehagelig
Ingen problem SAMLEIE Smertefullt
Smertefullt etter noe tid eller i bestemte stillinger Ubehagelig
Ingen problem GANGHJELPEMIDLER Sengeliggende Rullestol To krykker To staver/stokker En stav/stokk/krykke Ingen støtte
GANGE UTEN STØTTE Kan ikke gå
Subbende, små skritt Betydelig halting Moderat halting Lett halting Normal
GANGDISTANSE
Sengeliggende eller kun få meter Svært begrenset
Begrenset med støtte, men kan stå i lengre perioder En time med støtte, begrenset uten
En time uten støtte, letter smerter og halting Normal for alder
Majeed score
Sett ett kryss Poeng SMERTER
Intense ved aktivitet, vedvarer i hvile 5
Intense ved aktivitet, avtar i hvile 10
Akseptable smerter, men begrenser aktivitet 15
Smerter ved moderat aktivitet, forsvinner i hvile 20
Lette smerter i perioder, normal aktivitet 25
Lite eller ingen smerter 30
ARBEID
Ikke i arbeid (sykemeldt, ufør, pensjonist, etc.) 4
Utfører kun lett arbeid 8
Byttet jobb som følge av skaden 12
Samme type jobb, redusert yteevne 16
Samme type jobb, samme yteevne 20
SITTE
Smertefullt 4
Smertefullt etter noe tid eller i bestemte stillinger 6
Ubehagelig 8
Ingen problem 10
SAMLEIE
Smertefullt 1
Smertefullt etter noe tid eller i bestemte stillinger 2
Ubehagelig 3
Ingen problem 4
GANGHJELPEMIDLER
Sengeliggende 2
Rullestol 4
To krykker 6
To staver/stokker 8
En stav/stokk/krykke 10
Ingen støtte 12
GANGE UTEN STØTTE
Kan ikke gå 2
Subbende, små skritt 4
Betydelig halting 6
Moderat halting 8
Lett halting 10
Normal 12
GANGDISTANSE
Sengeliggende eller kun få meter 2
Svært begrenset 4
Begrenset med støtte, men kan stå i lengre perioder 6
En time med støtte, begrenset uten 8
En time uten støtte, letter smerter og halting 10
Normal for alder 12
