The s i s f o r t he Phi l o s o phi a e Do c t o r ( Ph. D. ) Uni v e r s i t y o f Os l o , 2 0 2 0
Ma r i us Ghe o r g he
ComputationalBiology& GeneRegulation Group CentreforMolecularMedicineNorway
FacultyofMedicine UniversityofOslo
CancerGenomeVariation DepartmentofCancerGenetics InstituteforCancerResearch OsloUniversityHospital
FacultyofMedicine UniversityofOslo
© Marius Gheorghe, 2020
Series of dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo
ISBN 978-82-8377-622-5
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission.
Cover: Hanne Baadsgaard Utigard.
Print production: Reprosentralen, University of Oslo.
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