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The s i s f o r t he Phi l o s o phi a e Do c t o r ( Ph. D. ) Uni v e r s i t y o f Os l o , 2 0 2 0

Ma r i us Ghe o r g he

ComputationalBiology& GeneRegulation Group CentreforMolecularMedicineNorway

FacultyofMedicine UniversityofOslo

CancerGenomeVariation DepartmentofCancerGenetics InstituteforCancerResearch OsloUniversityHospital

FacultyofMedicine UniversityofOslo

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© Marius Gheorghe, 2020

Series of dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo

ISBN 978-82-8377-622-5

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be

reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission.

Cover: Hanne Baadsgaard Utigard.

Print production: Reprosentralen, University of Oslo.

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