Evolution of auroral asymmetries in the conjugate hemispheres during two substorms

[ 14 ] The Pedersen currents are primarily meridional and hence primarily close the east-west oriented upward and downward field-aligned current regions, except in the electric

[ 5 ] Figure 2 shows a selection of near-simultaneous images of the entire auroral ovals in the northern (left) and southern (right) hemispheres, observed between 11:24 and 12:10 UT

[ 13 ] Our results (Figure 1) show clearly that the average substorm onset locations in the two hemispheres based on the IMAGE FUV list of substorms follow a sine function of IMF c

(a) Snapshot of open (solid, dashed, dotted) field lines and one reconnected closed (thick) field line under the influence of the magnetic tension force (thick grey arrows) from IMF B

B) Average substorm MLT locations for 18 ◦ bins of IMF θ c for substorms identified from Polar data in the northern hemisphere. D) ∆MLT between the southern and northern

(C) The image pair mapped to a rectangular magnetic grid. The northern aurora has been longitudinal shifted - 1.3 MLT. Regions of non-conjugate aurora are indicated with solid

sion force gives rise to a current generator and as part of these currents close in the ionosphere (Figure  10.1b) interhemispheric differences in auroral brightness should be

(A) Statistical distributions and average of substorm onset locations in the northern (black) and southern (dashed) hemispheres for 5 different clock angle intervals of 60 ◦ using