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Mapping of sex-determining candidate genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo Salar)

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Anders Mühlbradt

Department of animal and aquacultural sciences !Master Thesis 60 credits 2011

Mapping of sex-determining candidate genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) !

!

!

! Karlegging av kjønnsbestemmende kandidatgener i

Atlantisk laks (Salmo salar)

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Preface

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Abstract

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Introduction

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Introduction

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Introduction

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Introduction

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Introduction

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Introduction

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(!SC1)!./!-1!*!/%*(1 ! %*0$!*#$&*#)*%!*!//!)(5C$!0(!%/0'!*".+)

$00,BJJ333C*%C*()C*%$C#+2J*%!*!J.#C#%E_ZRUR Salmo salar: UniGene Build #28

ESTs are from dbEST through 04 Oct 2010

16,608 mRNAs 0 Models 0 HTC

155,145 EST, 3'reads 219,990 EST, 5'reads

76,129 EST, other/unknown 467,872 total sequences in clusters

()+*.$*!SC[X4%/#!*+)!//!)(51%(0".+)SC[X4+2!.#!+"0$!/()+*

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Introduction

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.+3/!.MO!*+)!.+3/!.TRRXN+.#!*!.+3/!.MTRSSN0+/!!%"0$!5 3!.!**+00! +.!4%/0! %*0$!/0%'(!'D+.0$!0(*0%/()+*#!*+)!C %0/"+1*

%*0$!/!#!*+)!/@3!.!.!+. ! (+*#3%0$!//%+**1)!.* ,+/%0%+*%*0$!

/0%'(!'#!*+)!C

$!!*+)!%+%*"+.)0%//%0!+*0%*/.!"!.!*!/!-1!*!/0+(.#!+((!0%+*

+"#!*+)!/C$!/%0!%/ !2!(+,! * )%*0%*! 50$!!*+)!%+%*"+.)0%/.+1, 00$!*%2!./%05+"(%"+.*%*0.16C

51/%*#0$!!*+)!.+3/!.0++(%0%/,+//%(!0+(+0!/,!%"%#!*!/* /!-1!*!/

+*$.+)+/+)!/%*#%2!*/,!%!/@(%'!0$!/0%'(!'C$!/0%'(!'#!*+)!1/! 0 0$!D/%0!%//!-1!*! 0+X+2!.#!* +10ZY^+"0$!/!-1!*!$/!!*

*$+.! 0+$.+)+/+)!/M!*+)!.+3/!.TRRXNC*0$!#!*+)!.+3/!.

Materials and Methods

(21)

TR

%0%/(/+,+//%(!0+"%* 0$!!//%+**1)!.* /!-1!*!/"+.#!*!/C

"+.)0%/0$!/0* . ..*#!)!*0"+.*1(!+0% !/!-1!*!/3$!*1,(+ ! %*0+0++(/

/1$/*C

/%+((%#*)!*0!.$++(@+.%/*(#+.%0$)0$0"%* /.!#%+*/+"

/%)%(.%05!03!!*#!*!/!-1!*!/C*0$%/0$!/%/@0$!*1(!+0% !/!.$"1*0%+*$/

!!*1/! M*N@10%0%/(/+,+//%(!0+/!.$%*,.+0!%*/!-1!*!/C0%/,+//%(!

0++),.!.!"!.!*!/!-1!*!0+ 0/!@* (/++),.!03++.)+.! %""!.!*0 /!-1!*!/C

"#!*!3/"+1* %*0(*0%/()+*@#!*!/"+1* %*(+/!/0.!(0%2!/,!%!/3/

.!+. ! @,.!"!.(5+0$!./()+*% /* +0$!."%/$!/@10%*!.0%*/!/(/+$,*

$,*,#,*M)+1/!N* ' *$## )M$+*!5!!N3/1/! C

6-7- %&%! '16<&%

$!/!.$!/3!.!,!."+.)! +*(+(%),(!)!*00%+*+"*+*(%*!/+"03.!

.!/+1.!@(45M$00,BJJ)%*C#TC4C,/1C! 1JN3%0$%*C(45%/3!D/!

0++(0$0((+3//%!*0%/0/0+-1%'(5*(56!* )1(0%,(!(%#*)!*0/* +),.!

#!*+)%**+00%+*/C$!/+"03.!3/ !2!(+,! 0!**00!*%2!./%05@M$*#

!0(CTRRRNC

D/!-1!*!/"+.0$!* % 0!#!*!/3!.!1,(+ ! %*0+(45%*03+ +1)!*0/B +*!+*0%*%*#/!-1!*!/"+1* %*/()+** *+0$!.+*0%*%*#0$!.!)%*%*#

/!-1!*!/C$%/!1/!0$!/!-1!*!/".+)/()+*3!.!!4,!0! 0+#%2!!00!.$%0/

3$!*1/%*#)!##%*/00$!/()+**%!*!1%( 0/!0$*0$!+0$!./@*

"+.0$0.!/+* %""!.!*0/!.$/!00%*#/3!.!,,(%! C

$!/()+*/!-1!*!/3/! 0+3. /0$!/()+**%!*!1%( 0/!3%0$

/%)%(.%05/!00+ZR^* 3+. /%6!TZ@3$%(!0$!.!/01/! /%)%(.%05/!00+YR^*

3+. /%6!SXC+./!.$3%0$%*0$!/()+*/!-1!*!//%)%(.%053//!0/(+3 /ZR^%*+. !.0+% !*0%"5,.(+#1!/3%0$%*0$!/()+*#!*+)!"+.3$%$3!!4,!0 ZWL[W^/%)%(.%05M2% /+*!0(CTRSRNC

$!.!/1(0/+"0$!)!#3!.!&+%*! * +),.! 0+0$!()+**%!*!1%(

0/!51/%*#(45C$!!/0$%0%*0$!()+**%!*!1%( 0/!"+.!$+"

Materials and Methods

(22)

TS

0$!* % 0!/3/.!+. ! @(+*#3%0$,+//%(!,.(+#/C$!/!(!0%+*+"/!-1!*!/

3//! 1,+*% !*0%05M^N!03!!*0$!D"%(!* 0$!*%!*!1%( 0/!

/!-1!*!@* D/+.!C+),.%*#%0/+.!/%/*+.)(350++),.!(%#*)!*0 /+.!/".+) %""!.!*0/!.$!/C

+)!* % 0!/ % *+0,.+ 1!*5$%0/%**%!*!1%( 0/!0((C*0$!/!

/!/@0$!/!-1!*!/0$03!.!+.%#%*((51,(+ ! %*0+(45M/!-1!*!/".+)0$!

(%0!.01.!/!.$N3!.!(/+1/! %*0$!*!40/0!,C

+)!#!*!/@!2!*3%0$ %""!.!*0!//%+**1)!./* +.%#%*(/!-1!*!/3!.!(%#*!

3%0$0$!/)!/!-1!*!%*0$!//!)(5C$!.!/+*"+.0$%/+1( !.!,!0/@+.0$00$!

#!*!/.!%*0$!/)!#!*!")%(5* 0$!.!"+.!.!(.! 52!.5/%)%(.C

6-8- %&&%! !%! $ 5-=:*%%+

((0$!/!-1!*!//!(!0! %*0$!*%!*!1%( 0/!@(+*#3%0$0$!/!-1!*!/3%0$

*+$%0/%*0$%///!)(5@3!.!1,(+ ! %*0+(45#%** 1/! %*/!.$

#%*/00$!()+*.$*!SC[X4//!)(5%*0$!/)!35/3%0$0$!*%!*!1%(

0/!C

%)%(./!-1!*!/%*0$!/+4D#!*!/1/! /%)%(.$%0/%*0$!()+*.$*!SC[X4 //!)(5C1!0+0$!/!,.+(!)/3%0$0$!D#!*!")%(5@0$!!*0%.!,.+! 1.!+2!

3/ +1(!D$!'! * .!,!0! 3%0$0$!/!#!*!/@%*(1 %*# +1(!D$!'%*#

!//%+**1)!./* ,+/%0%+*/%*0$!/0%'(!'#!*+)!C

6-9- %

$!/()+*#!*+)!%/'*+3*0++*0%*(+*#* ".!-1!*0.!,!0/@0+#!0$!.3%0$0$!

/%6!+"0$!/()+*#!*+)!)'!%0$((!*#%*#/,!%!/0+/01 5M2% /+*!0(CTRSRNC

!,!0/'!.M!,!0/'!.TRRUN%/,.+#.)0$0"%* /.!,!0/%*#%2!*/!-1!*!/C

*0$%//!0$!,.+#.)3/#%2!*0$!D/!-1!*!/".+)0$!/()+*.$*!

SC[X4//!)(5* "+1* .!,!0/%*0$+/!/!-1!*!/C$!+10,10+"0$!,.+#.)%/*

**+00%+*+".!,!0/0$0.!,.!/!*0%*!2!.5-1!.5/!-1!*!@/3!((/*!32!./%+*

+"0$!/!-1!*!3$!.!((**+00! .!,!0/$2!!!*.!,(! 5M%*/0! +"0$!

Materials and Methods

(23)

TT

*1(!+0% !/!/@@@NC

.%+.0+/!.$!//!-1!*!/3!.!.!,!0)/'! 1/%*#.!,!0 0/!

#!*!.0! %*1/%*#!,!0+ !(!.M!,!0+ !(!.TRRUN* 0".+)0$!

()+*.$*!SC[X4//!)(5C+),.%/+*+"$%0/"+.1*)/'! * )/'!

/!-1!*!//$+3! 0$0.!/1(0/".+))/'! /!-1!*!/3!.!)1$!00!.* !/%!.0+

%*0!.,.!0C/!.$"+.0$!D/!-1!*!/,%'! ".+)0$!()+**%!*!

1%( 0/!#%*/00$!()+*.$*!SC[X//!)(5#2!,,.+4%)0!(5URRR

$%0/@3$!.!/)/'! /!-1!*!/,.+ 1! ,,.+4%)0!(5ZRR$%0/C

6-:- &&!

/%*#(!*1(!+0% !,+(5)+.,$%/)@@%/,+%*0)100%+*3%0$%*0$!M.+3*

TRRXNC$!#!*!0%+ !+*/%/0/+"0$!(!00!./M !*%*!N@M50+/%*!N@M#1*%*!N*

M0$5)%*!NC2.%0%+*+1./3$!*/%*#(!*1(!+0% !@"+.!4),(!@.!,(!/+*

+"0$!+0$!.0$.!!(!00!./A@+.C4),(!+"B%*+*!%* %2% 1(*

%**+0$!.C$/0+!.!,.!/!*0! %*0(!/0S^+",+,1(0%+*"+.%0 0+!+*/% !.! ,.+,!.C/.!2!.5+))+*).'!./1/! %*0$!),,%*#+"

#!*+)!/C

*+. !.0+,!."+.)0$! !0!0%+*VW%* %2% 1(/+"0(*0%/()+*3/

.!/!-1!*! 5.!0%*#((1)%*.! /3%0$(!*#0$+"SRR,!$C$!#!*+)!

+2!.#!+*!$+"0$!/!.!/!-1!*! %* %2% 1(/3/T4* 0$!.!"!.!*!D/!-1!*!

1/! %*0$!.!/!-1!*%*#3/0$!()+*.$*!SC[X4//!)(5 M$00,BJJ333C%((1)%*C+)NC

$!)/'! /!-1!*!/".+)/!0%+*TCWCT3!.!) !%*0+D"%(!/* /!.$

3/,!."+.)! C$!D/!.$3/,!."+.)! 1/%*#0$!1..+3/D$!!(!.(%#*)!*0 0++(M$00,BJJ%+D3C/+1.!"+.#!C*!0JN* 0$!0%(%0%!/"+.0$!!-1!*!

(%#*)!*0J,MN"+.)0M$00,BJJ/)0++(/C/+1.!"+.#!C*!0JNC

$!1..+3/D$!!(!.(%#*)!*0++(%/0++(0$0(%#*//$+.0/!-1!*!/0+ 0/!

/!-1!*!/C0%//! +*03+1..+3/D$!!(!..*/"+.)(#+.%0$)/@+*!"+.-1!.%!/

1,0+TRR,3%0$(+3!..+..0!@* +*!"+.(+*#.! /3%0$)+.!!..+./C

Materials and Methods

(24)

TU

0%/@$+3!2!.@*+00$!0++(0$0"%* /0$!C,.+ 1!/*(%#*)!*0%*

M/!-1!*! (%#*)!*0J),N "+.)0@ 3$%$ * ! 1/! 5 /)0++(/ 0+ !0!0 /C )0++(//+.0/@)!.#!/* %* !4!/0$!(%#*)!*0/C

!2!.(/".+)0$! !0!0%+*3/,%'! "+.!2!.5#!*!C+.0+#++

!*+1#$0+! !/%#*! +*0+,.%)!.@0$!*!! (!*#0$+"SRR,+*!$/% !C

6-;- !&+"

((0$!#!*+05,%*# +*!%*/!0%+*TCY3/,!."+.)! / !/.%! !(+3* %*

+. *!3%0$0$!,.+0++(H%//5B*.!/! (!4%*#""%%!*5*

(!4%%(%05"+.//..5Q5/0!)$.+1#$%*#(!/!.%)!.40!*/%+*3%0$//D + %"%! !.)%*0+./CIM!0$!0(CTRRWNM$00,BJJ333C/!-1!*+)C+)NC+),(!0!

+2!.2%!3+"0$!#!*+05,%*#%/#%2!*%*,,!* %4C

6-<- +"$ +,$

$!"+1.$%,/3!.!1,(+ ! %*//5,!.*(56!.2UCU* ((0$!/3!.!

-1(%05$!'! 5/!!%*#%"0$!5$ *!2!* %/0.%10%+*+"$+)+65#+0!/*

$!0!.+65#+0!/C

H!/0((,.+%(%05.!,+.0I3/) !"+.0$!"+1.$%,/* 0$!!-1!*+).!,+.0/

3!.!1,(+ ! %*0+(45* +*2!.0! %*0+*!4!(D"%(!C

6-=- )!."! & +%%

(%*'#!),$/!!*+*/0.10! /! +*0$!#!*+05,%*#+"UT[Y%* %2% 1(/".+) SVU %""!.!*0")%(%!/+"0(*0%/()+*+*/%/0%*#+"WXWR/M%!*!0(C1)NC$!

/#!*+05,! %*0$%/0$!/%/3!.!#!*+05,! %*/1/!0+"0$!")%(%!/)!*0%+*!

+2!C

03+D,+%*0*(5/%/!/0%)0!/0$!.!+)%*0%+*!03!!*).'!.MN*

(+1/J/""+( * "%* /1*%-1!(+0%+*"+.0$!).'!.C0% !*0%"%!/(%*'#!!03!!*

).'!.,%.//+0$0(%*'! ).'!./*!,(! +*%* %2% 1($.+)+/+)!/+.

).'!.#.+1,/C

Materials and Methods

(25)

TV

$!.!/1(0+"0$!03+D,+%*0*(5/%/3%((),0$!#!*+05,!/0+$.+)+/+)!,+/%0%+*/@

/! +*.!+)%*0%+*".!-1!*5@D/+.!* )!%+/!/C

!+)%*0%+*".!-1!*5%/0$!*1)!.+".!+)%**0/ %2% ! 50$!0+0(*1)!.

+""/,.%*#CD/+.!M(%'!(%$++ +"+ /N+),.!/(%'!(%$++ +"+0%*%*# 0%"03+

(+%.!%* !! (%*'! @3%0$0$!(%'!(%$++ +"+/!.2%*#0$!/)! 05$*!C$%#$

/+.!)!*/0$!.!%/(%*'#!C$!"+.)1("+.!/0%)0%*#D/+.!%//"+((+3/B _(+#SR(%'!(%$++ %"(+%.!(%*'! J(%'!(%$++ %"0$!(+%.!*+0(%*'!

$!D/+.!*!! /0+!+2!UCR0+!/%#*%"%*0C0%/0$!+)%*0%+*+"$%#$

D/+.!* (+3.!+)%*0%+*".!-1!*50$0%//+1#$0"0!.C

+,!."+.)0$!03+D,+%*0*(5/%/@0$!,.+#.)D3/1/! M.!!*S[[RNCD

%/,.+#.)0$0%/) !0+((+3.,% @(.#!(510+)0! +*/0.10%+*+"

)1(0%(+1/(%*'#!),/M.!!*S[[RNC

6-54- %&&! $7-5*%%+

*+0$!.35+"),,%*##!*!/0+$.+)+/+)!/%/5,!."+.)%*#/!.$

#%*/0*//!)(5+*0%*%*#/""+( /C$!-1!.5/!-1!*!/3%((!(%#*! #%*/0 ).'!./(.! 5!4%/0%*#+*0$!/""+( /* 3%((0$1/,.+2% !*1.0!,+/%0%+*+*

$.+)+/+)!C

"%(!/".+)0$!)/'! /()+*.$*!SC[X4//!)(5$%0/3!.!1/! %*

/!.$!/#%*/0()+*!(!.UCS4//!)(5@1/%*#(45C

$!!/0$%0/3!.!,%'! ".+)0$!/""+( /! +*% !*0%05* D/+.!C

$!/!$%0/3!.!0$!*&+%*! * +),.! 3%0$/()+*!(!.UCS4//!)(5C$%/35 0$!-1!.5/!-1!*!/#+0//%#*! 0+ %""!.!*0/""+( /C

/0(5@0$!.!/1(0/".+)0$!03+D,+%*0*(5/%/3!.!+),.! 0+0$!.!/1(0/".+)0$!

/!.$#%*/00$!()+*!(!.UCS4//!)(50+/!!%"0$!03+)!0$+ / ),,! 0$!#!*!/0+0$!/)!$.+)+/+)!/C$!.!/1(0/$!.!3!.!(/++),.! 0+

0$!$.+)+/+)!,+/%0%+*/"+1* %*/0%'(!'M/!0%+*TCTNC

Materials and Methods

(26)

TW

7- %'&% %'%%!

$!.!/1(0/* %/1//%+*/!0%+**! %2% ! %*0+0$.!!)%*,.0/C$!"%./0,.0 +2!./0$!/!(!0%+*+"* % 0!#!*!/".+)0$!(%0!.01.!@,+/%0%+*%*#+"0$!#!*!/%*

/0%'(!'/3!((/ !0!0%+*+"+..!/,+* %*#/!-1!*!/%*0(*0%/()+*C$!

/!+* ,.0+2!./0$! !0!0%+** 0$!#!*+05,%*#%*/()+*C$!0$%. * (/0 ,.0/$+3/0$!),,%*#+"#!*!/0+$.+)+/+)!/C$%/3/$%!2! +0$5(%*'#!

*(5/%/* 5/!.$!/#%*/0/""+( /3%0$'*+3*$.+)+/+)!,+/%0%+*C

$%/(/0,.0(/+!2(10!/0$!#!*!/),,! 0+$.+)+/+)!/T* UC

7-5- &$&'$%$ &&! !!$$%"! %#' % & &

,,!* %4#%2!*+2!.2%!3+"#!*!/%*2+(2! %*/!4D !0!.)%*0%+*"+1* %*0$!%*%0%(

%!

(%0!.01.!/!.$C"0!.0$!* % 0!/3!.!"+1* @0$!%.!//%+**1)!.* ,+/%0%+*

%*0$!/0%'(!'#!*+)!3/+0%*! 51/%*#0$!#!*+)!.+3/!.

M$00,BJJ#!*+)!C1/C! 1JNC$!#!*!/!//%+**1)!./* /0%'(!',+/%0%+*.!

/$+3*%*,,!* %4/3!((C+.#!*!/3%0$1*'*+3*#!*!/!-1!*!/M)+./N

%*0(*0%/()+*+./0%'(!'@/!-1!*!/".+)+0$!.+.#*%/)/3!.!1/! @ ,.!"!.(5+0$!./()+*% /* 0!(!+/0/@10%*/+)!/!/(/+5#%** $,*

$,*,#,*C

$!/!.$"+.* % 0!#!*!/%*.0%(!/%/.0$!.0%)!+*/1)%*#0/'C+.0$%/0$!/%/

3!!* ! 1,3%0$XW#!*!/"0!./!2!.(3!!'/+"3+.'C!"!!(0$00$!#!*!/+2!.!

50$%/0$!/%/.!,.!/!*0/2!.5.!(!2*0/!0+",+//%(!/!4 !0!.)%*%*#@10/*!3 .0%(!/+*0$!0+,%.!.!(!/! ".!-1!*0(5* %0%/$. 0+'!!,0.'3%0$

!2!(+,)!*03%0$%*0$!"%!( C$!* % 0!/!.$3/2!.5.+ * /(+*#/

#!*!3/%*2+(2! %*/!4 !0!.)%*0%+*+. !2!(+,)!*0%03/%*(1 ! %*0$!/01 5C

%0$.!/,!00+/!(!0%+*+"* % 0!#!*!/0$0)5.!,.!/!*0)/0!./3%0$+"/!4 !0!.)%*0%+*+*!+1( .#1!0$00$!(%0!.01.!/!.$+1( $2!!!*/0.%0!.C +3!2!.@/)1$%/1*'*+3*+10/!4D !0!.)%*0%+*%*/()+*@3! !% ! 0+0!/0 (.#!*1)!.+"* % 0!#!*!/C

Results and Discussion

(27)

TX

7-6- %&%! '16<&%

$!*,!."+.)%*#/!.$@/$+.0,%!!/+"/!-1!*!+"#%2!*(!*#0$.!1/! 0+

"%* *%*%0%()0$!03!!*0$!-1!.5/!-1!*!* 0$!)0$%*0$! 0/!C$!

(!*#0$+"0$%//$+.0,%!!+"/!-1!*!%/0$!3+. /%6!C/$+.0!.3+. /%6!3%((#%2!

)+.!/!*/%0%2!/!.$@3$%(!(+*#!.3+. /%6!3%((#%2!(+*#!.@"/0!./!.$C

%)%(.%05 !/.%!$+3/%)%(.0$!-1!.5/!-1!*!* $%0/!-1!*!.!0+!$+0$!.@

/$+3*%*,!.!*0M^NC

$! !"1(03+. /%6!3$!*,!."+.)%*#*1(!+0% !/!.$%/TZ@3$%$%*0$%/

0$!/%/3/1/! "+.0$!/!.$!/1/%*#/()+*/!-1!*!/C$!.!/+*"+.0$%/3/

0$00$!/!/!-1!*!/3!.!!4,!0! 0+"%* ()+/0% !*0%($%0/%*0$!//!)(5C+.0$!

+0$!./!-1!*!/@3+. /%6!SX3/1/! @/+)!0$%*#3$%$3%((#%2!0$!/!.$$%#$!.

/!*/%0%2%05C$!$%#$!.0$!3+. /%6!%/@0$!)+.!% !*0%(0$!$%03%((!C

+/0#!*!/,.+ 1! .!(%(!$%0/@/+)!(/+3%0$,.(+#1!/@3$!*(%#*%*#3%0$0$!

/()+**%!*!1%( 0/!1/%*#C +3!2!.@*+0((/!-1!*!/3!.!"+1* %*

0$%///!)(5C*/0! +"(.! 5!4(1 %*#0$!/!#!*!/@0$!%.+.%#%*(/!-1!*!/3!.!

'!,0C2!*0$+1#$!.0%*/!-1!*!+1( *+0!"+1* %*0$!/()+**%!*!1%(

0/!0$!.!3//0%(($*!0$0%0+1( !"+1* %*0$!/()+*.$*!SC[X4 //!)(5+"0$!/()+*#!*+)!C,,!* %4/$+3/*+2!.2%!3+"#!*!/"+1* %*

/()+*+. %*#0+0$!/()+**%!*!1%( 0/!@* #!*!/0$03/*+0"+1* C +)!+"0$!#!*!/(/+$ ,+0!*0%(,.(+#1!/0$0.!(%/0! %*,,!* %4C

7-6-5- !* %

*/!2!.(.0%(!/@#!*!/3!.!)!*0%+*! /#!*!/%*2+(2! %*/!4D !0!.)%*0%+*C +)!#!*!/3!.!)!*0%+*! )+.!".!-1!*0(50$*+0$!./@/1$/RU*

R[C +3!2!.@/%*!0$!D#!*!")%(5/!!)/0++*0%*)*5#!*!/0$0+1( !

%*2+(2! %*/!4 !0!.)%*0%+*%*+*!35+.*+0$!.@3! !% ! 0+%*(1 !/)1$/

S[/+4#!*!/%*0$%/0$!/%/C*!)&+.,.+(!)%*(1 %*#S[#!*!/%*/!.$!/

3/0$0(.#!.*1)!.+"0$!)!* ! 1,3%0$% !*0%($%0/@!2!*0$+1#$0$!

/!-1!*!/1,(+ ! %*0$!,.+#.).! %""!.!*0C((0$!D#!*!/3!.!0$!* +1(!D

$!'! 0+/!!0$00$!%./!-1!*!/3!.! %""!.!*0@* ((D#!*!/3!.!.1*0$.+1#$

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!.%2!/".+)#!*!M+3(!/!0(CTRRRN@* 0$0%/0$!,.+(50$!.!/+*"+.

Results and Discussion

(28)

TY

3$5%0,.+ 1! 0$!!/0/)!$%0%*0$!/!.$#+00$!/)!.!/1(0//0$!

RU#!*!C

7-7- %$ %&&%! $ 5-=:*%%+

/!.$%*/()+*.$*!SC[X4//!)(5% !*0%"%! .!(%(!$%0/"+.VZ+10+"

0$!XW#!*!/C10+"0$!/!@,+0!*0%(,.(+#1!/3!.!% !*0%"%! "+.SX#!*!/C!(!0!

$%0/%*0$!/()+*#!*+)!/()+*.$*!SC[X4//!)(5.!/$+3*%*,,!* %4C )+*#USU[,100%2!/%*0$!/!#!*!/@ZZ/3!.!,%'! "+."1.0$!.1/!* .!

%/,(5! %*,,!* %4C

7-8- !&+"

//#!*+05,%*#//5/3!.! !/%#*! "+.ZS+10+"Z[,100%2!/%*"+1.

)1(0%,(!4!/A03+TUD,(!4!/@+*!TRD,(!4* +*!SWD,(!4C$!.!)%*%*#Z/+1(

*+0! !/%#*! C(!W(%/0/0$!/!/* %*(1 !/0$!!..+..!,+.0+*3$50$!5 +1( *+0! !/%#*! C

(!WB$!/0$0+1( *+0!,(! %*3!((/C$!!..+..!,+.00!((/3$50$!/!/3!.! %/)%//! C

SNP_ID ErrorReport

Aldh3a1_5773 No primers found on 3' side of SNP: too much repeated subsequence Aldh3a1_5990 No primers found on 5' side of SNP: too much repeated subsequence Dmrt2b_852 No primers found on 5' side of SNP: too many unknown bases Gata4_191 Not enough bases of 5' side of SNP to design primers Shbgb_1585 Invalid SNP syntax for SNP: [/]

Sox04_1231 No primers found on 5' side of SNP: too much repeated subsequence Tbx1_para_3279 Failed to design stop mix for reverse extend primer: cannot design

primer/analyte within mass window. Failed to design stop mix for forward extend primer: cannot design primer/analyte within mass window.

Wt1_para_7278 No primers found on 5' side of SNP: too much repeated subsequence

+3!2!.@/%03/!4,!0! 0$0/+)!+"0$!,100%2!/)%#$001.*+100+!"(/!

,+/%0%2!/* *+0.!(/@)+.!0$*+*!,100%2!3/,%'! "+.!2!.5#!*!M/!!

/!0%+*UCUNC,,!* %4(%/0/0(!3$!.!0$! %/0.%10%+*+"0$!//5/ !/%#*! .!

/$+3*@%*(1 %*#0$!)1(0%,(!40$!53!.!,(! %*C

Results and Discussion

(29)

TZ

")%(5)0!.%(+*/%/0%*#+"UZR/),(!/%*TS")%(%!/3!.!#!*+05,! "+.0$!/!"+1.

)1(0%,(!4!/* *(56! 1/%*#0$!//,!0.+2UCV/+"03.!C"0!.

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!%0$!.(*'/M*+%*3!((N+.3!((/3%0$3!'J1*(!./%#*(C

Results and Discussion

(30)

T[

%#1.!STCC05,%(!4),(!+"$+3)+*+)+.,$%).'!.3%((! %/,(5! %*5,!.*56!.

2UCUM%*0$%//!$!0!.+65#+0!NC

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$!0!.+65#+0!/,,!./%*0$!,(+0C

Results and Discussion

(31)

UR

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Results and Discussion

(32)

US

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Results and Discussion

(33)

UT

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Results and Discussion

(34)

UU

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Results and Discussion

(35)

UV

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Results and Discussion

(36)

UW

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Results and Discussion

(37)

UX

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Results and Discussion

(38)

UY

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Results and Discussion

(39)

UZ

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Results and Discussion

(40)

U[

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Results and Discussion

Referanser

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