View of Jacqueline Eales & Beverly Tjerngren (eds.), The Social Life of the Early Modern Protestant Clergy, Special issue of The Journal of Religious History, Literature and Culture, 6:2 (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2020). 120 pp.

Based on this definition, resource exploitation may be economically sustainable without being ecologically sustainable – at least for a period of time.. If and when the resources

Longyearbyen was a company town for a very long time, existing and functioning for the sole purpose of producing coal for Store Norske.. Changes started in the mid-1970s, when

Gradually, during the 19 th century scientific exploration of Svalbard became a goal in itself – expeditions went to the area primarily for research purposes.. An interesting

Longyearbyen was a company town for a very long time, existing and functioning for the sole purpose of producing coal for Store Norske.. Changes started in the mid-1970s, when

The Pomors probably did have the experience and ship technology to sail to Svalbard in the 16th century; after all, they went to Novaya Zemlya and regularly navigated in

Before the war there were four larger settlements on Svalbard; the Soviet coal mines Grumant and Barentsburg and the Norwegian mines Longyearbyen and Ny-Ålesund.. All these were

During World War I Norwegian economic interests on Svalbard grew, and the question of sovereignty was raised at the peace conference in Paris in 1919.. On 9 February 1920, the

Before taking over sovereignty of Svalbard in 1925, Norway recognized the Soviet government and in return Soviet Russia formally accepted Norwegian sovereignty on Svalbard..