Utfordringer for naturfagene, spesielt knyttet til progresjon
Doris Jorde
Naturfagsenteret
Why Science?
water
climate
food
energy
health
National Research Council
The overarching goal of our framework for K-12 science
education is to ensure that by the end of 12th grade, all students have some appreciation of the beauty and wonder of science; possess sufficient knowledge of science and
engineering to engage in public discussions on related issues; are careful consumers of scientific and technological information related to their everyday lives; are able to
continue to learn about science
outside school; and have the skills to enter careers of their choice,
including (but not limited to) careers in science, engineering, and
technology.
A Framework for Science (2011)
• The Framework is a broad description of the content and sequence of learning expected by students. It does not include detailed standards for each class level.
• Provides a vision for education in science that will help students to see how science is instrumental in
addressing the major challenges confronting society:
GENERATING SUFFICIENT ENERGY, PREVENTING AND TREATING DISEASES, MAINTAINING SUPPLIES OF
CLEAN WATER AND FOOD, SOLVING PROBLEMS OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
Development of the Framework
• The framework is built on the notion of learning as a developmental progression
• The framework focuses on a limited number of core ideas in science (and engineering)
• The framework emphasizes that learning about science involves integration of the knowledge of scientific
explanations (content knowledge) and the practices needed to engage in scientific inquiry
The practices of science
The major practices scientists employ as they investigate and build models and theories about the world
Core Ideas in Physical Sciences
Core Ideas in Earth and Space
Sciences
Core Ideas in Life Sciences
Standards…..
• Should set rigorous learning goals that represent a common expectation for all students
• Should be scientifically accurate yet also clear, concise, and comprehensible to science educators
• Should be limited in number
• Should include performance expectations
• Should include boundary statements
• Should be organized as sequences horizontally and vertically – looking at research on progression
– Development of rich conceptual knowledge
Next Generation Science Standards
• Performance expectations
• Three dimensions
– Core disciplinary idea – Practice of science – Crosscutting concept
• Coherence (Alignment)
– To math and literacy
Progression in NGSS
progression in NGSS
Learning Progression
• Learning as a developmental progression – children build and revise their knowledge and abilities
• Goal is guided knowledge towards a more scientifically based view of the natural world
• “Mile wide and inch deep” is replaced by fewer topics with depth of coverage
– Allowing for scientific investigations and argumentation
• Progression may be Horizontal
or Vertical
Summary of Framework and NGSS
• Included a broad range of stakeholders participating in the process – even before the public hearings
• Were developed over time and independently of other subject domains
• Are based on newer research on teaching and learning in science
• Are based on the principles of Science for All, yet recognize the need to recruit to science
• Demonstrate progression in the K-12 curriculum
• Integrate the practices of science into Performance Expectations
• Align content – pedagogy - assessment
Teacher Professional Development
• Time and reflection
• Collaboration/network
• Content knowledge
• Pedagogical knowledge
Political
• Prioritizing
• Funding
TPD providers
• Course Development
• Research/evaluation
• Network coordinators
• Scaling up
Schools
• Involved leaders
• Systemic support
Teachers
• As professionals
• Working in networks
• Collaboration in and between schools
• Reflecting over practice
Teaching Resources
• Alignment between course materials and national curriculum
Student learning
• What is learned?
• Depth of understanding
• How have they learned?
Agents for sustainable change….
Must be in alignment
National Curriculum
• Content
• Allocation of time
Assessment Instruction Curriculum
Teacher Education
• Alignment with national curriculum
• Student
development/learning in science
Teacher Professional Development
• Time and reflection
• Collaboration/network
• Content knowledge
• Pedagogical knowledge
Political
• Prioritizing
• Funding
TPD providers
• Course Development
• Research/evaluation
• Network coordinators
• Scaling up
Schools
• Involved leaders
• Systemic support
Teachers
• As professionals
• Working in networks
• Collaboration in and between schools
• Reflecting over practice
Teaching Resources
• Alignment between course materials and national curriculum
Student learning
• What is learned?
• Depth of understanding
• How have they learned?
Agents for sustainable change….
Must be in alignment
National Curriculum
• Content
• Allocation of time
Assessment Instruction Curriculum
Teacher Education
• Alignment with national curriculum
• Subject/pedagogy
• Theory/practice
Realfagene
matematikk naturfagene
biologi
geofag fysikk
kjemi
teknologi
Naturfag (1-11)
Timefordeling 1-10
• Norsk
• Matematikk
• Kroppsøving
• Samfunnsfag
• Kunst og Håndverk
• Engelsk
• RLE
• Naturfag
• 1770
• 1201
• 701
• 634
• 623
• 588
• 580
• 577
Challenges for Norway
• Science needs to be a part of the core. The value of science needs to be recognized nationally
– Increased opportunity to learn
– Increased professional development – Increased development of resources
• Development of a science curriculum framework will take time.
– Identification of the big ideas of science – Clarification of appropriate learning goals – Evidence of Progression from grades 1-13