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Measuring precipitation in Eastern Himalaya: Ground validation of eleven satellite, model and gauge interpolated gridded products

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Highlights

x GPM-IMERG and WRF are recommended for hydroclimatic applications in Eastern Himalaya

x ERA5, TRMM-3B42RTV7 and IMD-0.25°captured extreme precipitation events satisfactorily

x IMD-0.25°is advised for precipitation trend analysis after suitable bias-correction

x GPPs underestimated (overestimated) precipitation below (above) 3000 masl elevation

x Satellite GPPs captured the seasonal and diurnal cycles with subdued amplitudes.

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Declaration of interests

܈ The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

܈ The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:

None.

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Author contributions:

Manish Kumar: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – Original draft preparations. Øivind Hodnebrog: Resources, Data Curation, Writing – Review & Editing. Anne Sophie Daloz: Resources, Data Curation, Writing – Review & Editing. Sumit Sen: Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing. Shrinivas Badiger: Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing. Jagdish Krishnaswamy:

Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing, Supervision, Project Administration, Funding acquisition.

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