• No results found

Explicit Solution of a Non-linear Filtering Problem for Lévy Processes with Application to Finance

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2022

Share "Explicit Solution of a Non-linear Filtering Problem for Lévy Processes with Application to Finance"

Copied!
20
0
0

Laster.... (Se fulltekst nå)

Fulltekst

(1)

"!#"$$%$

&'(*),+-/.001.32/451.6- )873931-

&'6'):5+5;.6-41< =?>@A7B6CDE-$551

FHGJILK"M"NOMPRQTS,K"U,PVM"S:WXS,YHZ\[]S:W,^_K"M"WL`OZ:acbdM3KPV`Oa_M"WLe\fga_S:hLK"`Oi

Y S:acjlk`nmpoqfga_SrNO`Vs_s`OsdtuMPOvXwxITILK"M"NOZOPVM3S:W\PVS\byM"WLZ:WLNV`

z|{~}//€‚„ƒ8…†ƒ8‡‰ˆŠ‹‡EŒŽ~}3 ‘ ’‡EŒ“•”O‡‰€–“†ƒ‘

—™˜›š‰œž ŸE 8œ

¡‰¢|£¤E¥¦n§~¨§†©"ªO«–©¬©ž­®§~¯¥°ž¥£¯±J¦A²n¯³*©r¨:¢‰²n¢‰´"¯¥¢‰©?¨ªOµ~¯£©žª¥¢‰¶:§Eª²·~¯©?¸y«¹¥£¤

¸r¥­8©?º¬²*·~¦A©žª³¨6£¥²†¢¦»¸‹²º‰©?¯¯©?º¬·8±¼¨,½_ª²«¹¢E¥¨¢p¸‹²*£¥²n¢r¨*¢Eºp¨–¶*©®¢ ©"ª¨¯A¥¾"©?º

¿ ² ­À§Eª²°$©?¦¦»_«¹¤‰²n¦Á©ÂÃE¸‹§‚¥¢"£©?¢E¦¥£±y¥¦V¶†¥³*©?¢Ä¥¢L£©žª¸p¦V²†Åƨ¼Ç–È©ž³®±y¸‹©?¨6´

¦Ã‰ª©?ɖʹ²*£¥³¨6£©?ºO·®±|©?¸‹§~¥ª¥°ž¨*¯6²*·~¦Á©žª³¨6£¥²n¢E¦?²†Å?ˋÉ

¿

²n¢"£Æ¨¢Eº:ÌnÉ8͛¨¢ β ³Ï«O©

§Eª²§†²†¦Á©Ð¨™¸‹²º‰©?¯›Å²*ª¬µ~¢¨¢E°ž¥¨*¯›¨¦¦Á©ž£¦»?«¹¤E¥A°6¤¼°ž¨6§E£Ã‰ª©?¦£¤‰©Ñ§~¤‰©?¢‰²n¸‹©?¢‰²†¢

²nÅ:£¥¸‹©ž´"¥¢E¤‰²†¸¬²¶*©®¢ ©?¥£±¹²nÅ*£¤‰©¬ÂÃE¸‹§À¦¥¾ž©rº‰©?¢E¦¥£±?É_ÒÓ©p¨6§E§~¯±¹£¤‰©‹©ž­®§~¯¥°ž¥£

Ųª¸ÑÃE¯¨›£²‹²·E£¨¥¢O£¤‰©Ô²*§E£¥¸p¨¯3µ~¯£©žªÆÅ²*ª£¤‰©Ï°$²*ªª©?¦A§†²†¢Eº¥¢‰¶‹µ~¯£©žª¥A¢‰¶‹§Eª²*·E´

¯©?¸rÉ

ÕÓÖ6×ÄØrىÚ*ۉ܄݉ÞVÛÐßàEÚ*݉Ü?Ö6Ü?áTâpã

äåæHçnè"éêäë3ë"äë"ìÆí_é?í_îïÁðÁí_äñEèpònïó3äè"ðÁí_ô?ì‹ë"ó3éê‰õnñEë"ó3ðÁê

çnñEè"ó3ðÁñEïö_ðÁ÷›äè"äíó"ðÁñ?ïÔäøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?í_ë"ìú:õnðó3äínéEðÁë"äñ?í_ñ?ïÁæë"ðÁë"ìÔûÐñEó3õ_äû¼ñ?ó"ðÁêñEïò_ínñEínêäü

ý¹þ ÿ

Ý ÜžÜ Ý"ىÞVá !#"

$ %'&(*)+,.-0/1(32+4&

5 í ó3õ_äpç_è"äë"äíó:çnñEç›äè:úÏäpö_äè"ðÁåEäpñEí ä76ç_ïÁðÁêðÁó:ë3éEïÁù_ó3ðÁéEí98/éEè:ñ¼ínéEínîïÁðÁí_äñ?è:ò_ïÁó"äè"ðÁínô

çnè"é:nïÁäû;8é?è âpã

äåæÓç_è"éêäë"ë"äë"ü

<

äñ?è"äpðíó3äè"äë"ó"äö ðÁí ó3õ_ä8/éEïÁïÁé8ú:ðÁí_ôÐí_é?í_îïÁðínäñ?è:ònïó3äè"ðÁí_ô¼ûÐéö_äï>=

<

äêéEínë"ðÁö_äè:ñ¼çnè"éêäë3ë@?BAìú:õnðêžõ98é?ïïÁé8ú:ë:ó3õ_äpö_æínñEû¼ðÁêpé8Oó3õ_äC'DFE

G

?HAJILKNMO?BAQP GRJSUT

M?BAQP GWV0X

AY

M ü P

ú:õnäè3ä V X

A

ðë™ñ„ë"ó3ñEínö_ñ?è"ö

<

ðÁäínäè™çnè"éêäë"ë3ü[Z¹ë"ë"ùnû¼äJó3õ_ñ?ó?

A

ðë™çnñEè3ó"ðÁñEïÁïÁæ é:nî

ë"äè"å?äö åðÁñ¼ó3õnäç_è3éêäë"ë]\AìÔú:õnðÁê‰õ ðÁë:ö_äë"êè3ð^:›äö9:æÓó3õ_äó3õnääøùnñ?ó"ðÁéEí

G

\A_IL`M R Y

?BAQP

GRJSUGWV0a

A S b

5Wc d.e

M

GWR

Y G c P Y M

ü>fP

2hgikj7lmi1nporqFslutNikv#slwxkyonpmzJ{N{N|wx}splwnj y#~gqzJp€_ik{Nspm‚luv#i}j7lnoWqspltNikv#splwx}yp€ƒJjNw„

…

i}mywl‡†npo'ˆ‰y‚|n€Š‹ˆ‹Œn0Žp‘#Œ|wjN’ i}mj'€“_„>‘Ž‚”#ˆ‰y‚|n€“_npm•s–† ‹

—

„^v#spw|s’ ’Nmiky‚yp˜v#ik†ikm™Nmš‰v#slt'‹› wn‹jNn€{Nmnyœpikš1v#splth‹›Nwn‹jNn

(2)

ú:õnäè3ä

a

A

ðÁëpñÀë"ó3ñEínö_ñ?è"ö ðÁäí_äèrç_è"éêäë"ëpñ?í_ö ñ?í ðÁíó3äô?äèpå8ñ?ïÁù_äö è"ñEínö_é?û

û¼äñEë3ù_è"äpú:ðÁó"õÄç_è3äönðêó3ñ:nïäpêé?û¼ç›äí_ë"ñ?ó"é?è



ž M GR

Y G c YQŸ

P1IL JM R Y

?BA

Yc P GR¢¡

MG c P M ü P

8é?è,ñ âã

äåæJûÐäñ?ë"ù_è3ä

¡

ñEínöÄñ08ù_ínêó3ðÁéEí£ JM

R

YQ¤1Y

c

P7¥

5

óÏðëÏñEë"ë"ùnû¼äöÄó3õ_ñ?ó¦M V X

A Y V a A P

ðÁëTñ

<

ðÁäí_äèLç_è"éêäë"ëTðÁí_önäç›äínö_äíóLé8 d0e

¥‰§,õ_äÓç_è3éêäë"ëF? A è"äë"çnü¨\ A ðÁëTêñ?ïïÁäö

܇©*ÞVÝ

ßEÚ*Ù

Ö܉Ü

è"äë"çnü

ÙªÜEÖÚ«†Ý"Ù‰Þ ßÚ*Ù

Ö܉ܬ

§:õnä@­"ù_ûÐç„ðÁíó3äínë"ðÁóæÀé8Vó3õnäè"ñEínö_é?û

û¼äñEë3ù_è"ä d0e

ä76õ_ð>:nðó3ë¬ñ™önäç›äí_önäí_êäÑé?íJñ™õnðÁö_önäíJë3ó"ñ?ó"ä:å8ñEè3ðÁñ:nïäìè"äïñ?ó3äöJó3é™ó3õnä

ë"ðÁôEínñEïç_è3éêäë"ë"ü

§:õnä¹íné?í_îïðÁínäñ?è|ònïÁó"äè"ðÁínôLçnè"é:_ïÁäû®8é?è|é?ù_è¬û¼éönäïðÁë|ó3é™ò_ínöÓó3õ_äÑïÁäñEë"ó¬ë"øùnñEè3ä

äë"ó"ðÁû¼ñ?ó3ä¹ó"é™ó"õnä¹ë"ðÁôEínñ?ï›ç_è3éêäë"ë|ñEó¬ó"ðÁû¼ä

R

ì›ôEðÁåEäíÓó3õ_äÑõ_ðÁë"ó3éEè3æ¼é8ó"õnä¹é:_ë"äè"å8ñ?ó"ðÁé?í

çnè"éêäë"ë:ùnç ó"éÐó"ðÁû¼ä R Y

ó3õ_ñ?ó:ðÁë:ó"éÐö_äó"äè"ûÐðínäó3õ_äpêé?í_önðÁó"ðÁéEínñ?ïÔä76ç›äêó"ñ?ó3ðé?í

? A I°¯[±? A ² a

A Y

ú:õnäè3ä ² a

A

ðë:ó3õ_ä T@³

ñEïÁô?ä¢:nè"ñ?ìÔô?äínäè3ñEó3äö9:棴\µ

Y

.¶¸·4¶ R¢¹

¥

§:õnä„é:­"äêóJé8pó3õ_ðÁëJç_ñ?ç›äèJðÁëÓó3édö_äû¼éEínë"ó3è"ñ?ó"ä„õné8ú ú:õ_ðÁó3ä„í_é?ðÁë"ä„û¼äó3õnéö_ë

8é?è âpã

äåæ ç_è3éêäë"ë"äë"ìVö_äå?äïÁé?ç~äöHðíº±

⻼]½

ñEínö°±

¼]½

ìOêñ?í¨:›äLù_ë"äö ó3éÀçnè"é8åðÁönäTñ?í

ä76ç_ïÁðÁêðÁó¬ë3éEïÁù_ó3ðÁéEíJé8~ó3õ_ðÁë¬ç_è3é:nïäû¼ü#¾é?è¬ó3õ_ðÁë¬ç_ùnè"ç›é?ë"äÑú|äÑë3éEïÁåEä:ñÀ¿ÔñÁ8ñ?ðäøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?í

8é?è‹ó"õnä:ùní_ínéEè3û¼ñEïÁð>Âäö¼êéEínö_ðÁó3ðÁéEínñEïnö_äí_ë"ðÁóæLä¢6çnïÁðêðÁó"ïÁæü#§:õnðë‹äøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?í¼ðÁë¬ñpïðÁínäñ?è

ë"ó3éê‰õ_ñ?ë"ó3ðÁêÓç_ñ?è"ó3ðÁñEï|önðÁ÷›äè3äíó3ðÁñEï|äøùnñEó3ðÁéEí¸MÃC

¼

DE]P3ì|önè"ðÁåEäíÄ:æ ñ âã

äåæ çnè"éêäë"ë"ü

<

ä‹ë"õné8údó3õ_ñ?óÔó"õnäÅ¿ÔñÁ8ñEðEäøù_ñ?ó3ðé?íõ_ñ?ë–ñ:ù_ínðÁøù_ä‹ë"ó3è"é?í_ô]Æ@Ç

³

ë"éEïÁùnó"ðÁé?í_ìú:õnðÁê‰õêñ?í

:›äTä76çnïðÁêðó3ïÁæ è"äç_è3äë"äíó3äönü0Zrërñ?í ñ?ç_çnïÁðêñ?ó"ðÁéEíHú|äTðÁïÁïùnë"ó3è"ñ?ó"äLõ_é8ú ó"õnðë8éEè3ûTùnïÁñ

êñEí9:›äpù_ë"äö ðÁí ò_ínñ?í_êäü

§:õnäró3õnäé?è"æ¼é8ÔínéEínîïÁðÁí_äñEè|ò_ïÁó3äè3ðÁí_ôLðë|å8ñEë"ó3ïÁæ¼ó3è"äñEó3äöÓðÁíÀó3õ_ä¹ïÁðÁó"äè"ñ?ó"ùnè"äü

â

ðÁínî

äñEèò_ïÁó3äè3ðínô„ó3õnäé?è"æ ú|ñ?ë™ðÁí_ðÁó3ðñ?ó"äöÈ:æ¨Éñ?ïûÐñEíyñEínö

!

ùnêæ ðÁíyó"õnäðÁèç_ðÁéEínääè"ðÁínô

ú|éEè}ÁëÀMë"ääH±

!Ëʽ

ñ?í_öÀó3õ_ärè3ä¢8/äè3äínêäëÏó"õnäè3äðÁí'P"ü˧,õ_ärô?äínäè3ñEïÁð>Âñ?ó3ðé?íÀé8–ó3õ_ä¹ïñ?ó3ó"äè

ñ?ù_ó3õ_é?è"ë–̬ðönäñ?ëLó"éHó3õnäÓí_é?í_îïÁðínäñEèLë"äó"ó3ðÁí_ôHú|ñ?ëTêñ?è"è"ðÁäö éEùnóLðÁí ó"õnäÓë"ð>6ó3ðäëLñEínö

äñEè3ïæ ë3äå?äíó3ðÁäë"üÍC_ää¼äüÁô?ü

â

ðÁçnë"ó"äè™ñ?ínöUCnõ_ðÁè"æ?ñEäå°±

â C ½

ìÅÉñ?ïÁïðÁñ?í_çnù_è±É ½

ìžVïÁäûÐî

ðÁí_ôÀñ?í_ö¨ÎÑðÁë"õnäï±¾‰ÎÑð

½

8é?èrñEí ñ?êêéEùníóré8¬ó3õ_äë"äTðÁö_äñ?ë"üBCnääLñEïÁë"éU±D ½

ü‰Ï¹ë"ðÁí_ôÀó3õnä

ðÁí_íné8å8ñEó3ðÁéEí•ñ?ç_çnè"é?ñEê‰õnìF¾ù ­"ðÁë"ñÁðìÉñ?ïïÁðÁñEínç_ùnèJñEínö°Éù_ínðÁó"ñdönäè3ðå?äö•ñÄC'DEÐ8é?è

ó3õ_ä™êé?í_ö_ðÁó3ðÁéEínñEïÔö_äí_ë"ðÁóæÀé8Vó3õ_äò_ïÁó"äèÑçnè"éêäë"ë.M/ë"ää±É ½ P3ü

é8ú|äåEäè"ì–ó3õnðëÑóæç›ä™é8

äøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?íJõ_ñ?ë¬ó3õ_ä:ö_è3ñ8ú:_ñ?êpÁTó3éÀ:›äÑönð>Ѽêù_ïÁó¬ó3é™ë3éEïÁåEäü#§Oé™è"äönè"äë"ë¬ó"õnðÁë¬ö_äò_êðÁäínêæ

Drù_ínêñ?í_ì]ÒHéEè"ó3äí_ë"äíyñEínöÈ¿ÔñÁ8ñEðM/ë"ää[±¿ ½

ñEínöyó"õnä¼è"ä78äè3äínêäë™ó3õnäè3äðÁíhPönäè3ðÁåEäö

ñ?íÄäøùnñEó3ðÁéEí8éEè,ó3õnäpäå?é?ïùnó"ðÁé?íÄé8Oó3õnäpù_íní_é?è"ûÐñEïÁð>ÂäöÄêéEínö_ðÁó3ðé?í_ñ?ïönäínë"ðÁóæì8è"é?û

ú:õnðÁê‰õÓó3õ_äÑé?ç_ó3ðûÐñEïò_ïÁó3äè¬êñ?íÓ:›äÑêéEínë"ó"è3ù_êó3äönü˧:õnðÁë|äøùnñ?ó"ðÁéEíJðÁë|ñLïÁðÁí_äñ?è@C

¼

DFE

ñ?í_öÄè"äåEäñEïÁë:ñÐû¼éEè3äë3ðûÐç_ïÁäñ?í_ñ?ïÁæó"ðÁêñEïó3è"ñ?êó3ñ:nðÁïðÁóæÓó3õ_ñ?í ó3õnäñ:›é8åEäpû¼äíó"ðÁé?í_äö

é?í_äü

E]6ðÁë"ó3äínêä¼ñ?í_öyù_ínðøùnäínäë"ë™è"äë"ùnïó3ëÀ8é?èó"õnäH¿ñÁ8ñ?ð‹äøùnñ?ó"ðÁéEíyú|äè"ä¼é:nó"ñ?ðÁí_äö

:æ¼ûÐñEíæÐñEùnó"õnéEè3ë"üËCnää¹äüô?ü

æÔéEínôEæì3Éè"æïÁé8壱

É

ì>f

½

ñ?í_ö

è"ðÁôEäïÁðÁéEínðë±

è ½ü 5 í

(3)

ó3õ_ä ñEùnë"ë"ðÁñ?í êñ?ë"äTä76ç_ïÁðÁêðÁórë"é?ïùnó3ðé?í_ëré8¬è3äïÁñ?ó"äö¨¿ÔñÁ8ñEðOäøùnñEó3ðÁéEínëpó3éÀó3õ_äTònïÁó"äè

çnè"é:nïÁäûÕM ü

P3ìM

ü>fP™ú|äè"äJönäó3äè3û¼ðÁí_äöU:æ ë"äåEäè"ñ?ï¬ñ?ù_ó3õ_é?è"ë–=

¼

ñEè3ö_é?ùh6°±

¼ ñ

ì>f

½

äüô?üU8éEùní_ö ñ?í ä¢6çnïÁðêðÁóLë"é?ïùnó"ðÁé?í_ìÏäû¼çnïÁé8æðínô£Cné:›é?ïäåyë3ç_ñ?êäÓó3äêžõ_ínðøùnäë3üÄZ¹ínî

é?ó"õnäè¬êéEíó3è"ð>:nù_ó3ðÁéEíJðÁë¬ö_ùnäÑó3éÀÉùní_ðÁó"ñ±É ½

ì_ú:õné™ôEñ8å?äÑñ?íJä¢6çnïÁðêðÁó¬ë"é?ïùnó"ðÁé?í_ìù_ë"ðÁínô

ó3õ_äÄó3õnäé?è"ædé8Ñë"ó3éê‰õnñEë"ó3ðÁê×Ö_é*ú:ë"üؾùnè"ó3õ_ä裱

!˽

ñEínöÙ±

! D

¼]Ú½

ñ?ç_çnïÁðäögêéEínêäç_ó3ë

é8

ñ?ù_ë3ë"ðñ?í ú,õ_ðÁó3äÐínéEðÁë"äTó"õnäé?è"æ„ñ?í_ö ö_äè"ðÁåEäö ñÀë"ðÁû¼ðÁïñ?èF8é?è"ûLùnïñÀó3éÄó3õ_äTïñ?ó3ó"äè

é?í_äë"ü

ZlôEäí_äè"ñ?ïÁð^Âñ?ó"ðÁéEí é8|ó"õnä

ñ?ù_ë"ë3ðñ?íyë"äó3ó"ðÁínô ó3é ó3õnä¼ònïó3äè"ðÁí_ôÄç_è3é:nïäûÛM ü

P"ì

M

ü>fPVðÁíLó3õ_ä|êñ?ë"ä|é8_ñ¹ö_é?ùh:nïÁæë"ó3éê‰õ_ñ?ë"ó3ðê

¼

éEðÁë"ë"é?íLç_è3éêäë"ë"ì†ðüÁäüÏðÁíLó3õ_ä|êñEë"äìnú,õ_äí

ó3õ_ä âpã

äåæ û¼äñEë"ùnè"ä

¡

ðëñÍDrðÁè"ñ?êJûÐäñ?ë"ù_è3äì¬ú|ñEëðíå?äë"ó"ðÁô?ñEó3äöÈ:æ°±DÎ

½ü 5

ídó3õ_ðÁë

ú|éEè}ÁJó"õnärñEùnó"õnéEè3ë,ö_ðÁë"êù_ë"ë,ñ?çnç_è"éN6ðÁû¼ñ?ó3ðé?í_ëÏé8–ó3õ_ärònïó3äè"ðÁí_ôTç_è3é:nïäû¼ì:æJðíå?éÁî

ðÁí_ôÄò_ínðó3äîë"ó3ñ?ó"ä.Ò ñ?è–Á?é8åHê‰õ_ñ?ðÁí_ë"ü×Üùnèû¼éönäïÆêé?íó3ñEðÁí_ë±DÎ

½

ñ?ëñ ë"ç›äêðÁñ?ï‹êñEë3ä

ñ?í_ö ú|äTñEè3äTñ:nïÁäTó"éÀô?ðÁåEäTñ?í ä¢6çnïðÁêðó¹ë"éEïÁù_ó3ðÁéEí ó3éÀó3õ_ðÁëpçnè"é:_ïÁäû¼üB¾_ù_è3ó"õnäè3û¼éEè3äì

é?ù_è¼ë"é?ïùnó"ðÁé?íº8éEè3ûLù_ïÁñyêé?û¼çnè"ðÁë"äëH:›é?ó"õ ó3õ_ä

ñ?ù_ë"ë"ðÁñ?í êñ?ë"äÝM/ðüÁäü ó3õnä ò_ïÁó"äè"ðÁínô

çnè"é:nïÁäû ú:ðÁó3õ_é?ù_ó d0e

P:ñEínö ó"õnäç_ùnè"ä@­"ùnû¼ç êñ?ë"äMðÁüÁäüÑú:ðÁó"õné?ù_ó:ó3õ_äé:_ë"äè"å8ñ?ó"ðÁé?í

8ùní_êó"ðÁé?íÄ` ñ?í_öHó"õnä

!

è3é8ú:ínðñ?íHû¼éEó3ðÁéEí'P"ü¦§:õùnëré?ù_è¹è"äë"ù_ïÁó¹êñ?í£:›äTè3äô?ñEè3ö_äöHñEë

ñ ôEäí_äè"ñ?ïÁð^Âñ?ó"ðÁé?ídé8Ïó3õ_ä¼ñ:›é8åEä¼ë"é?ïùnó3ðé?í_ëðíyó3õ_ä

ñEùnë"ë"ðÁñEíyêñEë"äü

â

äó™ùnë™û¼äínî

ó3ðé?í ó3õnñEó™ñHè3äïÁñ?ó"äö ûÐéö_äï|ó3éÞ±DÎ

½

ì|ú,õ_ðÁê‰õdêñ?ç_ó3ù_è3äë™ó"õnäÓönäë3êè3ðçnó"ðÁé?í é8,õ_ðÁô?õ

8è3äøùnäínêæ‚ö_ñ?ó3ñEìrúÏñ?ëJë"ó"ùnö_ðÁäö•ðíL±¾‰Î

½ü

é8ú|äå?äè3ìpñ?ëÓ8ñ?èJñEëJú|ä„êñEí•ë"ääìréEùnè

û¼äó"õnéönëTö_éHínéEóLñ?ç_çnïæ õ_äè"äÓó3é ë3éEïÁåEäÓó3õ_äÓêéEè3è"äë"ç›é?í_ö_ðÁínôHí_é?í_îïÁðínäñ?èLò_ïÁó"äè"ðÁínô

çnè"é:nïÁäû ä76ç_ïÁðÁêðÁó3ïÁæü

ÜùnèÆûÐñEðÁíÐó3éé?ïr8éEèVë"é?ïåðÁínôpó3õnä,ínéEínîïðÁínäñ?èÆònïÁó"äè"ðÁí_ôrçnè"é:_ïÁäûxñEè3äÏú:õnðó3äÏí_é?ðë3ä

ínéEðÁë"ä,êé?í_êäç_ó3ëÅ8é?è âã

äåæ™ç_è3éêäë"ë"äë"ì_ðÁíó"è3éö_ùnêäöÐðí£±

âJ»¼Å½

ü'Üpù_èÆú|éEè}ÁLðÁë‹ðÁí_ë"çnðÁè"äö

:æÈ±

!˽

ñEínöݱ

! D

¼]Ú½

ìú:õnäè3äó3õ_ä

ñ?ù_ë"ë"ðÁñ?í êñ?ë"äðÁë:ó3è"äñEó3äönü

C_äêó"ðÁé?íÈfÄçnñ?ë"ë"äëpðÁí è"äåðÁäú]ë"é?û¼ä.:_ñ?ë"ðÁêÐäïäû¼äíó"ëpé8|ñÄú,õ_ðÁó"äTí_é?ðë"äTó"õnäé?è"æ

8é?è âpã

äåæÐçnè"éêäë"ë3äë"ü

5

íHC_äêó3ðÁéEí

ó"õnä¹ínéEínîïðÁínäñ?è|ònïÁó"äè"ðÁí_ô™çnè"é:_ïÁäûRú:ðÁó"õJû¼ð>6äö

é:_ë"äè"å8ñ?ó"ðÁé?í_ëÔðÁë–ë"äóÔù_çnü]¾ù_è3ó"õnäèÔðÁóÔðÁë–ë–Á?äó"ê‰õnäöõné8úyó"é:önäè3ðÁåEä‹ó3õ_äÅ¿ñÁ8ñ?ðEäøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?í

8é?èÆó"õnä,ù_íní_é?è"û¼ñ?ïÁð^ÂäöÐêé?í_önðó3ðÁéEínñEï†ö_äí_ë"ðÁóæü#¾VðÁí_ñ?ïïÁæì_ñEíÐä76ç_ïÁðÁêðÁóÆë"é?ïÁù_ó3ðÁéEíÐé8›ó3õ_ðÁë

äøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?ídðë™ô?ðå?äí_ü¨Cnäêó"ðÁé?í

ö_äñ?ïë™ú:ðÁó3õdó3õ_äJñ?ç_çnïÁðêñEó3ðÁéEídé8Ïó"õnäJêïé?ë"äöU8é?è"û

ë"é?ïùnó3ðé?íÀó3éLò_ínñEínêäü

5

ó|õ_ñ?ë#:›ääíÓé:_ë"äè"å?äöÈM/äüÁôEüÀ±ß˧

½

PÏó3õnñEó|ó3ðûÐärõnéEûÐéEô?äínäðÁóæ

é8¬ó3õ_ä âã

äåæ û¼äñ?ë"ùnè"äTðí ä76ç›éEínäíó3ðÁñEï âpã

äåæ„û¼éönäïÁëF8é?èrò_ínñEínêðÁñEïVñ?ë"ë"äó"ërðërí_é?ó

ñ?ç_çnè"éEçnè"ðÁñ?ó"äü9ÒHé?è"ä¼çnè"äêðÁë"äïÁæì¬ó3õnäðÁèè"äë"ùnïó3ëðÁí_önðêñ?ó"ä¼ó3õnñEópú:õ_ðÁïÁä¼ó3õ_äÐðíó3äí_ë"ðÁóæ

M/û¼ñEë3ë™é8|ó"õnä âpã

äåæHû¼äñEë"ùnè"ä7Pë"ó3ñ8æëøù_ðÁó3ä¼ë"ó3ñ:nïäÐé8åEäèó3ðûÐäì¬ó3õ_äÐë"õ_ñ?ç›ä¼é8Ïó3õnä

önäínë"ðóæ ê‰õnñEínôEäë"ü¦§OñÁðÁínôÀðÁíó3éÀêé?í_ë"ðÁönäè3ñEó3ðé?íHó"õnäë3äTé:_ë3äè3å8ñEó3ðÁéEínë"ìVú|äLë"äórùnçHñ

û¼éönäïÔó3õ_ñ?óÑðÁëÑñ:nïÁä™ó3éJêñEçnó"ùnè"äó"õnðëÑçnõ_äí_é?û¼äí_é?í„ñ?í_ö úÏäñEçnç_ïÁæÀó3õ_ä™è3äë3ù_ïÁó3ë¹é8

ó3õ_äçnè"äåðÁéEùnë:ë"äêó3ðé?í_ë:ó3é¼ë"é?ïÁåEäó3õ_äpêé?è"è3äë"ç›é?í_önðÁí_ô¼ònïÁó"äè"ðÁínô¼ç_è3é:nïäû¼ü

(4)

§:õnðÁëë"äêó3ðÁéEí ô?ðÁåEäëñ×:nè"ðÁä¢8¬é?ù_ó3ïðÁínäÐé8¬ë"é?û¼äÐêé?í_êäç_ó3ëé8|ñÄú,õ_ðÁó3äÐí_é?ðë3äÐó"õnäé?è"æ

8é?è âpã

äåæ¼çnè"éêäë"ë"äë3ì~önäå?äïé?ç›äöJðí[±

⻼]½

ñ?í_ö[±

¼Å½

ü 5

íÓCnäêó"ðÁé?í

ü>fLú|äÑú:ðÁïïñEçnç_ïÁæ

ó3õ_ðÁëJñEçnç_è3éEñ?ê‰õ•ó3éyë"éEïÁå?ä„ó3õ_ä9¿ÔñÁ8ñEð:äøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?íLM ü ü

P"ìrä76ç_ïÁðÁêðó3ïÁæüÙ¾é?èJô?äínäè"ñEï

:nñEêpÁè3éEùní_ödðí'8é?è"û¼ñ?ó3ðé?í ñ:›éEùnó™ú:õnðó3äJí_é?ðë3äÓó3õ_äé?è"æ ó3õ_äJè"äñEönäè™ðÁëLäí_êéEùnè"ñ?ôEäö

ó3é¼è"äë"é?è"ó:ó3é¼ó3õ_äF:›ééÁë:é84±

É ¼ C ½

ì#±Éù

½

ñ?í_öÝ±Ü ½ü

â

äó¹ù_ërè3äêñ?ç_ðÁó"ùnïÁñEó3äLó"õnñEó¹ñÓìí Ök«×ÀßÚ*Ù

ÖܞÜ

êñEí£:›äLö_äò_ínäö ó3éÓ:›äLñÀë3ó"éê‰õnñEë3î

ó3ðêÓçnè"éêäë"ëîÅM

R

PLéEíÍïð|ì,ú,õ_ðÁê‰õ õ_ñ?ëTðÁí_önäç›äí_önäíóLñ?í_ö ë"ó3ñEó3ðÁéEínñEè3æyðínêè"äû¼äíó3ë

ë"ó3ñEè3ó"ðÁínô ñ?ó.Âäè3éEì:ðüÁäüÄîÅM

P.I

¥1C_ùnê‰õgçnè"éêäë"ë3äë.8é?è"û ñ ç_è3éEó3é?óæç›äÄé8Ñë"äû¼ðÁî

û¼ñ?è"ó3ðÁí_ô?ñEïÁäëÑú,ðó3õ ó3õ_äpê‰õ_ñ?è"ñ?êó3äè"ðÁë"ó3ðêpó"è3ðçnïÁäó

MV A

Y¢ñ A Y 

ž P1IÐMòHó R Y T ó R Y

GWR¢¡

M

P–P

Y

MÃfEü P

ú:õnäè3äFò

Y T

ñEè3äTêéEínë"ó3ñEíó3ërñEínö ú,õ_äè"ä

¡

ö_äí_é?ó3äërñÓêé?û¼ç›äí_ë"ñ?ó3ðínôÀû¼äñ?ë"ù_è3äTé?í

ïõ=^IÞï

³ ´ ¹ Y

êñ?ïïÁäöìÓí

Ök«×.ö„ÖžÝ Ü÷†Ú*Ö

ì~ó3õ_ñ?óÏðÁíó3äô?è"ñ?ó"äëÏó3õ_ä8ùní_êó"ðÁé?í

Ëø ôù

ü#C_ää

äüô?ü0±

!#½

ì@±C_ñ

½

é?è0±

Ê C ½

8éEè:önäó"ñ?ðÁïë"ü

5

íÀéEè3ö_äè,ó3é0:_ùnðïÁöÀñÐú,õ_ðÁó3äpínéEðÁë"äró3õ_äéEè3æH8éEèÏêéEû¦:_ðÁínñEó3ðÁéEínë,é8

ñ?ù_ë3ë"ðÁñEíÀñEínö

¼

éEðÁë"ë"é?íLM/è"ñ?í_önéEûXûÐäñ?ë"ù_è3ä¢P¼í_é?ðÁë"äìrú|ä„ònè"ë"ó¼êéEínò_ínä„éEùnè"ë3äïÁåEäëJó3édç_ùnè"䦭"ù_ûÐç

âpã

äåæÓç_è"éêäë"ë"äë"ìÔó3õ_ñ?ó:ðÁë:ú|äñEë3ë"ù_û¼äòÓI

T I

ðÁíÝMÃfEü

P"ü

<

ä:è"äêñEïÁï_ó3õ_ä:êéEínë"ó3è"ùnêó3ðÁéEí¼é8~ó3õ_ä:ú,õ_ðÁó3ä:í_é?ðë"ä:ë3ç_ñ?êä ú0M?ÈP‹ðí¨±

âJ»F¼]½

ðÁíJó3õnä

êñEë"ä:é8›ó"õnäÑë"çnñEêäîó3ðÁû¼äÑönðÁû¼äínë"ðÁéEí

G I ¥ â

äóJú0MïûNP]:›ä:ó"õnä4Cnê‰õú|ñEè3ó–Â:ë"çnñEêäÑé?í

ï û ñ?í_ö önäínéEó3ä.:æúËü‡Mï û PpðÁó3ëönù_ñ?ïì‹ðÁüÁäüÀó3õ_äÐë"çnñEêäÐé8¬ó3äû¼ç›äè"äö ö_ðÁë"ó3è"ð>:nù_ó3ðé?í_ü

5

ópðÁëú|äïÁïîÁíné8ú:í ó3õ_ñ?ópó"õnäÐó"é?ç›éEïÁé?ôEæ„é8_ú0Mï û Prêñ?í[:~äÐðÁínö_ùnêäö[:æHðÁí_êè"äñ?ë"ðínôEì

êéEû¼çnñEó3ð>:_ïÁäTç_è3äî

ðï>:›äè"ó3ðÁñEí í_é?è"û¼ë0ýó>ý

Ç

Yhþ[ÿ

¥ <

äÐë3äóË? I¸ï¦ï4õÓñ?í_ö ú|ä

önäòní_äÓñHêïÁéEë"äö íù_êïÁäñ?èLë"ùh:nñEïÁô?ä¢:nè"ñHé8]ú¦Mï ù

P9M/ú:üÁè"üÁó3ü ó3õnäÓè"äë"ó"è3ðÁêó3ðÁéEínëTé8:ó3õnä

ínéEè"ûÐëFýó>ý

Ç

P:æ

ú0M?UP1=>I ÿ ú0Mï ù

P1=@M R Y

PÅIÐM

ô PNM

R Y

PÅI

MÃfEü>fP

§:õnäë"çnñEêä ú0M?ÈP:ðÁëÑönäò_ínäö ñ?ë:ó"õnäøùnéEó3ðÁäíó,ñEïÁôEä7:nè"ñ

ú0M?UP1I°ú0M?UP

Y

MÃfEü P

ú:õnäè3ä ðÁë:ó"õnäêïÁéEë"äö ðÁö_äñEïðÁíHú0M?UP3ìÔô?ðÁåEäí9:æ

=>IL´

ÿ

ú¦MO?ÈPÅ=ý]ý

-

I ¹

MÃfEü P

(5)

ú:ðÁó3õ;I   8é?裠•ó"õnä ä7:›äë"ôEùnä û¼äñ?ë"ù_è3äüЧ:õnä ë"çnñEêä ú¦MO?ÈP8/éEè"ûÐëÀñ

M/êé?ù_íó3ñ:_ïÁæ

ðÁï>:›äè3ó"ðÁñ?íhP,íù_êïäñ?è:ñEïÁôEä7:nè"ñ¼ñ?í_ö ú|äpö_äí_é?ó"äF:æ ú#üuMO?ÈP:ðÁó3ëÑönù_ñ?ïÁü

§,õ_äídéEínäJôEïÁäñEínë¦8è3éEû ó3õ_ä

!

éê‰õní_äè"îÒ ðÁínïé?ëLó3õnäé?è"äû ó3õnäJä¢6ðÁë"ó3äínêäJé8Ïñ

ùní_ðÁøù_äpç_è"é:_ñ:nðïÁðÁóæÓû¼äñ?ë"ùnè"ä ž é?í ó3õ_ä

!

é?è"äïÔë"äó"ë:é8 úËüuM?UP3ìÔë"ñ?ó3ðë}8æðÁí_ô

X

"!#$

G ž MŸ

P1I ä76ç

X M

%

# ³ P G MÃfEü

P

8é?è™ñEïÁï

ÿ

ú0MO?ÈP

Y

ú:õnäè3ä'&

ŸY )(4I

Ÿ M_P™ðÁëLó3õ_äJñ?êó3ðÁéEídé8

Ÿ®ÿ

ú#üuMO?ÈP:é?í*

ÿ

ú0M?UP¥§:õnä:û¼äñ?ë"ù_è3ä ž é?í,+ÞI úËüuM?UPÆðëÆè"ä78äè3è"äö¼ó3éñ?ëM

ß÷Ú*Ö"-}÷röÐß/.

ìÓí

ÖQ«*×™ØÆà‡‰Ö

ÞVÙ/ÜEÖOßEÚ*Ùª‰Ýªk

‡×ö„ÖžÝ Ü÷†ÚÖ

ü@§,õ_ðÁë–û¼äñ?ë"ùnè"ä¬ó3ù_è3í_ë–éEùnó–ó3é48ùnïònïÁïó3õ_ä VډÜ

Ù ÞVÛp‡"Ù Þ

Ù10Ä݉ÞVÝ × ‡×

ñ?í_öHó"é:›ä

ÞVÙ Þ32ÛEÖu©nÖ6ÞVÖ6Ú݉Ö

Më3ääͱ

âJ»F¼]½

P"ü

â

äó¹ù_ërç›éEðÁíó¹éEùnóró3õ_ñ?ó

ó3õ_äë"ä ç_è3éEç›äè"ó3ðäë äí_ë3ù_è"ä ó3õ_ä ä76ðë3ó"äí_êä é8

©nÖ6ÞVÖ6Ú*Ý 54?։Û76–à~Ý Ú 3Ö6Ú ßnÙ ×®ÞVÙö0"Ý Ü

ñ8 MŸ

P9Më"ääȱÉDFC

½

8é?èTó3õ_äÓö_äòní_ðÁó"ðÁé?íhP3ì,ú:õnðêžõ‚õnñ8åEäÓó3õ_äÓ8é?ïÁïé8ú,ðínôHôEäí_äè"ñ?ó"ðÁínô

çnè"éEç›äè"óæW= Dräòní_ä ó3õ_ä[8ùní_êó"ðÁé?í79 åðÁñ:9M_P[I ïé?ôM S

P_û¼éö; ,nìTð>8< I

ûÐéö) , 8é?è=@M

¤

P?>

³

ü#§:õ_äí@9 ðÁë¬õ_é?ïÁéEû¼é?è"çnõ_ðÁê:ñEóÅÂäè"éñEínöJðÁíå?äè3ó"ð>:_ïÁä:ñEínö

ó3õ_äTä76ç›éEínäíó3ðÁñEï

M YQŸ

P=>IBADCE !F # $

GIHJKLMONPQRSTVU

êñ?í¨:›äTä¢6çnñEínö_äö ðÁíó"éÀñÀç›é8ú|äèrë"äè3ðäë

ñ?è"é?ù_í_ö×Âäè"éÐðí ú¦MO?ÈP"ìðÁüäü

M YQŸ

PÅI

83W

õ

XZY

ñ 8 MŸ P Y [

8 Y

MÃfEü P

ú:õnäè3ä\[

8 ÿ

ú0M?UP^]

[ 8

ö_äí_é?ó3äë¬ó3õ_ä:í_îó"õ¼êé?û¼ç_ïÁäó"äöJë"æûÐû¼äó3è3ðê:ó"äí_ë"é?è¬çnè"éö_ùnêó

é8 ú¦MO?ÈP:ú:ðÁó3õ ðÁó"ë3äï>8ü

Üùnèpñ?ç_çnè"é?ñEê‰õ ó"éÀë"é?ïå?äÐó3õnä.¿ñÁ8ñ?ðVäøùnñEó3ðÁéEí í_äêäë"ë"ðÁó3ñEó3äëpó3õnäÐönäòní_ðÁó3ðé?í é8

ó3õ_ä âã

äåæî

ðÁö_ñÀó"äë"ó8ùní_êó"ðÁé?í ñ?í_ö ö_ðÁë"ó3è"ð>:_ùnó"ðÁé?í ë"çnñEêäüH§:õnäë"äTë"çnñEêäëpñ?è"äTêé?ínî

ë"ó3è"ùnêó3äöÍ:æÄûÐäñ?í_ëÑé8VñJêäè"ó3ñ?ðí„é?è"ó3õnéEô?éEínñEï:_ñ?ë"ðÁë¹é8Æ

ù Mž P3ì–ô?ðÁåEäí„ðÁí„ó"äè"ûÐë¹é8

ó3õ_äLôEäí_äè"ñ?ïÁð>Âäö¨ß,õ_ñ?è"ïÁðÁäè¹ç›éEïÁæí_é?û¼ðÁñ?ïë¹ðíºMÃfEü

P3ü

<

äTç›äè"ë"ùnäLñÀë"õné?è"ó¹è"äåðäúxé8

ó3õ_ðÁëLêé?í_êäç_ó3ë"ü

5 í ó3õ_äH8éEïÁïÁé8ú:ðÁínôHú|äÓë"õnñEïÁï¬ö_äí_é?ó"äH:æ'_ ó3õ_äJë"äó™é8,ñ?ïÁï|ûLù_ïÁó3ðÁî

ðÁí_önðÁêäë`9 I M9 ‘ Y9 ù Y

¥>¥>¥PTú:ðÁó3õ‚ò_ínðó3äïæyû¼ñ?íædínéEínîÂäè"é äíó3è"ðÁäëa9

ÿb õ ü â

äó

c X G ¤

Md9]P9I û¼ñ6*´e×=9

f

I ¹

ñ?í_öhg9=g#I

9

8éEèi9

ÿ

_U¥#§,õ_äí ïÁäóJù_ë

ê‰õnééEë"äÐñ?íyé?è"ó3õ_é?í_é?è"û¼ñ?ï1:_ñ?ë"ðÁë.´jOkM

¤1Y ô P ¹ k W

‘@l

ú0M?UPpé8_Æ ù M?ÈP7¥

5 í ñEë3ë"ù_û¼ðÁínô

ó3õ_ñ?ó c X G ¤

Md9]PÅI7mJñ?í_ög9=gI7n 8/éEè)9

ÿ _ ú|äönäòní_äó3õnä8ùní_êó"ðÁé?íojO[

F

j [ F M–M

¤ ‘ Y ô ‘ P Y

¥>¥^¥

Y M

¤qp¦Y ô p

P–P1I MÃfEü

" P

j [ F 2

‘ r

¥^¥>¥

r j [ Fts

u

M}M

¤ ‘ Yô ‘ P Y

¥>¥>¥

Y M¤ p Y ô p P–P1I7j

‘ M¤ ‘ Y ô ‘ P1ó¥>¥^¥ój

‘ M¤ F 2 Y ô F 2 P

ó¥>¥>¥ój

u M¤ F 2 ðwvvvð

Ftsyx

2ð ‘ Y ô F 2 ðwvvvð

Fzsyx

2ð ‘ P‰ó¥>¥>¥ój

u M¤ p Yô p P Y

(6)

ú:õnäè3ä`j [

=>I

üH§:õ_ä

Ü‰× ö0ö„ÖkÚ54?֞Û.‰Ö6Þ_Ü?ىÚÐßÚÙ*Û÷

é8¬ó3õ_ä`j%k/{Áë"ì‹ðÁí_önðÁêñ?ó"äö[:æ

j

][

F Y

ðÁëÔó3õ_äÆë"æû¼û¼äó"è3ð>Âñ?ó"ðÁé?íé8%jO[

F

ú:ðÁó3õè3äë"ç›äêóó3é:ó3õ_ä‹å8ñ?è"ðÁñ:_ïÁäë#M

¤ ‘ Y ô ‘ P Y

¥>¥^¥

Y M¤ p Y ô p P7¥

§:õnäíÄó"õnä8ñ?û¼ðÁïÁ棴|

F MŸ P ¹ Fq}~

é8Oè"ñ?í_önéEû å8ñ?è"ðÁñ:nïÁäë"ìôEðÁå?äí9:æ

| F MŸ PÅI

ñ=F MŸ P Y j ][

F Y

MÃfEü€P

êéEínë"ó"ðÁó3ù_ó3äë‹ñEíÐé?è"ó3õ_é?ôEé?í_ñ?ï':_ñ?ë"ðÁë‹é8WÆ

ù Mž P3ü#Cnéäå?äè3æ<‚

ÿ Æ ù Mž PÆêñ?í.:›ä:ú,è"ðÁó"ó3äí

ñ?ë

‚LI

Fq}~ƒ

F | F

MÃfEü P

8é?è:ñ¼ùní_ðÁøù_äpë"äøùnäí_êäé8Oè3äñ?ïÔíùnû¦:›äè3ë.M

ƒ F P Fq}~

ìú:õ_äè"ä

ý‚ý ù

-„ I

Fq}~

9 Yƒ ùF Y

M‡f?ü

P

ú:ðÁó3õ'9 Y =>I…9

‘ Y9 ù Y¥>¥>¥ìÆð>89 I Md9

‘ Y 9 ù Y

¥^¥>¥P ÿ

_XüH§:õnä.ìí

Ök«*×%2D†"ÛEÝ.‰Ö6ÜZ0}÷†Þ "Ù Þ

ܞßnÝ Ö MúPLê‰õnñEè3ñEêó3äè3ð^Âäöyñ?ë™ó3õ_ä¼ë"çnñEêä¼é8|ñ?ïï?‡¨I

Fq}~

ƒ F | F ÿ Æ ù Mž Pë"ùnê‰õ

ó3õ_ñ?ó:ó3õ_äô?è"é8ú,ó"õÄêé?í_önðÁó"ðÁéEí

ýO‡ý ùõ !k

=>I

ˆ

}~=‰

9 Yƒ ùF MÃf P k

F‹ŠhŒ

M‡f?ü

P

õnéEïÁö_ë8é?è™ñ?ïÁï?

ÿ

õÀú:ðÁó3õdú|äðÁôEõóMÃf P k F I MÃf¦ó P k F 2

MÃf¦ófP k F -

¥>¥>¥uM‡f¦óŽQP

k

F3

ì¬ð>8

c X G ¤

Md9]P¦I‘Ž¥‰§,õ_äÓë"çnñEêäÈMOúPLðÁëTäøù_ðÁçnç›äö ú:ðÁó3õ‚çnè"é ­"äêó3ðå?äÓó"é?ç›éEïÁé?ôEæìË:_ñ?ë"äö

é?í ó3õ_äH8ñEûÐðïÁæ é8,í_é?è"û¼ë9M‚ýó^ý

õ !k PDk

5

ðí MÃfEü

P3üȧ:õ_äHìí

Ök«*×%2D†"ÛEÝyÛpÜږªQ÷r"Ù Þ

ܞßnÝ

Ö

ì|önäínéEó3äöÈ:æ°MúPD“Óðëö_äò_ínäöyñEëó"õnä¼ó"é?ç›éEïÁé?ôEðÁêñEï‹önù_ñ?ï¬é8ÀMúP3üͧ:õù_ëú|ä

­"ùnë"ó:êéEínë"ó3è"ùnêó3äöÄó"õnä8é?ïÁïé8ú,ðínô

äï>Ì>8ñ?í_ö ó3è"ðÁçnïä

MúPw”• Æ ù Mž P?”•ÕMúP

“ ¥ M‡f?ü

fP

<

ä,ðíó3è"éönù_êä:é?í¨MúPD“¹ñpûTùnïÁó"ðÁç_ïÁðÁêñEó3ðé?í¼é8›önðë"ó3è"ð>:nù_ó3ðÁéEínëÅ:æTûÐäñ?í_ë‹é8›ó3õ_ä'–

˜—

ßEÚ*Ù*Ûp÷ ?™

ìôEðÁå?äí9:æ

M| F ™

|›š'P MŸ P1IÐMd|

F ð š'P MŸ P Y 9

YDœÝÿ

_ M‡f?ü

P

§:õnäTç_è3éö_ùnêórðÁëpïÁðÁí_äñEè3ïæ ä¢6ó3äínö_äö ó"éÀó3õ_äTú:õnéEïÁäTë"çnñEêäü

5

órêñEí¨:›äTë"õ_é*ú:í äüÁôEü

ó3õ_ñ?ó

&

ñ8

MŸ P Y ‡ 8 ( ™ &

ñp MŸ P

Yž%p (I

ñ8

ð p MŸ P Y ‡ 8 r

%p

M‡f?ü

P

(7)

8é?èÄë"æû¼û¼äó3è"ðÁê[8ùní_êó"ðÁé?í_ë‡

8 ÿ Æ ù

MdwŸ PÄñ?ínö

 p ÿ Æ ù MwŸ PÄM/ë"ä䨱

⻼]½

P"ü

CnðínêäÓMúPD“¦8/éEè"ûÐë:ñÐó"é?ç›é?ïé?ôEðÁêñEïñ?ïÁôEä7:_è3ñ¼ú,ðó3õÄè"äë"ç›äêó,ó"éÐó3õ_ä

<

ðêÁÓç_è3éö_ùnêó3ìðÁó

ðÁëLç›éEë"ë"ð>:nïäJäüÁô?üdó3éHðÁíó3è"éönù_êäÓó3õ_ä

<

ðÁêpÁ åEäè"ë3ðé?í é8,ó"õnäÓä76ç›éEínäíó"ðÁñEï]8ùní_êó"ðÁé?í

ä76ç9:æ

ä76çt 3?é=>I

83W

õ

XZY

8

M‡f?ü

P

8é?è]?

ÿ MúPD“8ìú:õnäè3äó3õ_ä

<

ðÁêpÁÀç›é8ú|äè"ë:ðÁíÝMÃfEü

P,ñEè"äpö_äò_ínäöÄñEë

?   8 I°?

™ ? ™

¥>¥>¥

™ ? M/í ó"ðÁû¼äë–P3ü

§:õnä

<

ðêÁÀçnè"éönù_êó:äïðÁêðÁó"ë:ñ?í ðÁíó"äè"äë"ó3ðínô¼è"äïÁñEó3ðÁéEí ó3é 5ó 

é¼ðÁíó3äô?è"ñ?ó3ðé?íh=

â

äó

d M GWR

YG ¤ PÅI

d M GR

Y

P

³£GR¢¡

M

P

önäínéEó3äpó3õ_ärêé?û¼ç›äí_ë"ñ?ó"äö

¼

é?ðë"ë3éEíÄè3ñEínö_é?û û¼äñEë"ùnè"ärñEë"ë"éêðÁñEó3äöÄú:ðÁó3õÄó3õ_ä âpã

äåæ

çnè"éêäë"ëÀîÅM

R

P¼ñ?í_ö ïÁäó¢¡

d MR Y ô

PB:›ä ó3õ_ä ú,õ_ðÁó"ä ínéEðÁë"ä é8 d M

GR

Y G ¤

P3ìrú,õ_ðÁê‰õ ó"ñÁEäë

å8ñ?ïùnäë¼ðÁí MOúËPž“U £

¡'³

ñEüÁä ¥ 5 8#\[M

R Y ô Y Ÿ

P¼ðÁëJñyçnè"äö_ðÁêó3ñ:_ïÁä ç_è3éêäë"ë"ì¹ë"ñ?ó"ðÁë–8æðÁínô

ó3õ_äÀêéEínö_ðÁó3ðé?í[¯ ¤

õ b 5 \ ù MR Y ô YŸ P GWR7¡

M

P

Š¥Œ

ì:ó3õ_äí[\[M

R Y ô Y Ÿ P ™ ¡ d MR Y ô

PTðÁë

 '

¡ î!

éê‰õ_ínäè:ðÁíó3äô?è"ñ:_ïÁäðÁíÝMúPD“Lñ?í_ö

¤

õ b 5

\[M R Y ô

YQŸ

P d M GR

Y G ¤ PÅI

¤

õ b 5

\[M R Y ô

YQŸ

P ™ ¡ d MR Y ô P

GR¢¡

M

P¥ M‡f?ü

P

Cnää°±

âJ»¼]½

é?èı

»¼]½

8é?èÄönäòní_ðÁó3ðÁéEínë"ü

< ä ñ?è"ä êé?û¼ðÁí_ô‚ó3égó3õ_ä¨ìí

Ök«*×b†ÐÖ6Úö0‡‰Ö

Ú*݉Þ_Ü108Ù Úpö§¦

ñ?ërñEíHðÁû¼ç›éEè3ó"ñ?íó¹ó"éé?ï_8é?èró3õ_äLë"ó3ù_önæ é81C

¼

DE]ÌÁë"ü

Ê

ù_ë3órñ?ërðÁí ó3õnä

ñEùnë"ë"ðÁñEíÐêñEë"äì_ó"õnä,êé?í_ë3ó"è3ù_êó"ðÁé?í¼é8

¦

äû¼ç_ïÁé8æëÆó"õnä,ù_ë"ä,é8›ó3õ_ä,ä76ç_ñ?í_ë"ðÁé?í¼ñ?ïÁéEínô

ó3õ_ä:_ñ?ë"ðÁë×´|

F MŸ P ¹ Fq}~

ðí M‡f?ü€P3üا,õ_äìí

Ök«*ר†ÐÖ6Úpö.‡‰Ö0ÚÝ Þ_Ü©0®Ù‰Úö

é8@? MŸ P.I

F ƒ F | F MŸ P ÿ MúPD“

Y

ðínö_ðÁêñEó3äö9:æ

¦

?Xé?è ? Y

ðë:önäòní_äö9:æ

¦ ? Mô

PÅI ? Mô P1I

F ƒ F ô F ÿª

M/ú:õ_äí êéEíå?äè3ôEäíó}P"ì M‡f?ü

"

P

ú:õnäè3ä

ô I Mô ‘ Y ô ù Y

¥>¥>¥P

ÿ«ª

’

ì|ðüÁäü ðÁídó"õnäJë"ç_ñ?êäJé8

ª ³

å8ñEïÁùnäödë"äøù_äínêäë"ì|ñEínö

ú:õnäè3ä

ô F I ô F 2

‘ ô F -

ù

¥^¥>¥

â

äó,ù_ë:ûÐäíó3ðÁéEí ó3õ_ñ?ó

¦ ? Mô

P:ðÁíÝMÃfEü

"

P,êé?íåEäè"ô?äëÑðÁí ó3õnä

ë"çnñEêäré8Ôë"äøùnäí_êäëÏú:ðÁó3õÀêéEûÐç_ñ?êó|ë"ù_çnç›éEè3ó"ì

ª ’¬

üËC_ðÁí_êäró3õ_ä

äè3û¼ðÁó"ä¹ó"è3ñEínë–8é?è"û

û¼ñ?ç_ëTó3õ_äÀñ?ïÁôEä7:_è3ñ°MúPž“ ðÁíó3é ó3õ_äÀñ?ïÁôEä7:_è3ñ é8:ç›é8ú|äèTë"äè3ðÁäëTðÁí‚ðÁí_òní_ðÁó"äïÁædûÐñEíæ

êéEû¼çnïÁä¢6Óå8ñ?è"ðÁñ:nïÁäë"ìõ_é?û¼é?û¼éEè3ç_õnðêñ?ïïÁæìÔú|äòní_ö ñ:›é8å?äñEïÁïó"õnñEó

¦

MO?

™

\HPNM

ô

P1I

¦ M?UPNM

ô

P‰ó

¦ M\HPNM

ô P M‡f?ü

€P

(8)

ó3äè3ð^Âäö9:æÓðó3ë

¦

îó"è3ñEínë–8é?è"û M/ë"ääê‰õ_ñ?è"ñ?êó3äè"ð>Âñ?ó3ðé?í ó3õ_äéEè3äû;f?ü

ü€¼ðÁíݱ

âJ»¼]½

P3ü

< ä êéEínêïÁù_önä ó3õ_ðÁë×Cnäêó3ðé?ícú:ðÁó3õcñgë3õ_é?è"óÀönäë"êè"ðÁçnó"ðÁé?í õné8ú\ó"õnä û¼äó"õnéö_ë"ì

äïñ:›éEè3ñEó3äö ñ:›é8å?äì¹êñEíÞ:›ä ôEäí_äè"ñ?ïÁð^Âäö ó"é êé8å?äè¼ó3õnä êñ?ë"ä é8 âã

äåæ çnè"éêäë"ë"äë

ú:ðÁó3õ

!

è"é8ú,í_ðÁñEí û¼é?ó"ðÁé?ícñ?í_ö ç_ùnè"ä.­"ù_ûÐçcç_ñ?è"óÈM/ë"ä亱

¼]½

P"üDräínéEó3ä¨:æ

ž­

ó3õnä

ñEùnë"ë"ðÁñEí ú,õ_ðÁó3äínéEðÁë"äû¼äñ?ë"ù_è3äéEíÄó"õnäû¼äñEë3ù_è3ñ:nïäpë"ç_ñ?êä

MV+

­ Y ² ­

P1IÐMOú üMïP

YD®

Mú üMïÀP}P}P7¥

¾ùnè"ó3õ_äèÔè"äêéEïÁïÁäêóÔó3õ_äÆêé?ínë"ó"è3ù_êó"ðÁé?íé8ó"õnä‹é?è"ó3õ_é?ôEé?í_ñ?ï Æ

ù Mž¯­ P:nñEë"ðÁë1´°

F MŸ P ¹ F"}±

ì

ô?ðå?äí×:æ

° F MŸ PÅI

u W ‘ ` F s M

ŸYž²

u P Y

ú:õnäè3äb&

ŸY óy(I

Ÿ

M‚óPÀñ?í_ö ú,õ_äè"ä

² u

è3äë"çnü ` u Y m I Y f Y

¥>¥^¥,ñ?è"ä ó"õnä

äè"û¼ðÁó3ä

8ùní_êó"ðÁé?í_ë¼è"äë"çnü

äè"ûÐðó3ä ç›é?ïæínéEûÐðñ?ïÁë7¥]Ϲë"ðÁí_ô ž

ó3éyö_äínéEó3ä ó3õ_ä çnù_è3䦭"ù_ûÐç

ú:õnðÁó"äÄínéEðÁë"äÄû¼äñEë3ù_è"äÄé?íÙM5+

PHIÛMú#üuMO?ÈP

Yž®

MúËü‡MO?ÈP–P}P

Y

ú|äÄêñ?ígö_äò_ínä ó3õnä

ìí

Ök«*×¼Ø‹à‡‰ÖÑÞVÙpÜ?Ö4ö„ÖžÝ Ü÷†ÚÖ

ž ñEë:ó3õ_äçnè"éönù_êó:û¼äñ?ë"ù_è3ä ž¯­ ž éEí

MV+

Y ² PÅIÐMV+

­

³+

Y² ­ r ²

P¥ M‡f?ü P

Dräòní_ä

Æ ˆ MŸ PÅI°Æ

ˆ MŸ ‘ YŸ ù P1I7°

F MŸ ‘

P´| š MŸ ù P Y

M‡f?ü^f P

ð>8µÍIÐMd9

Yžœ

P

ÿ³¶

=hI7_

ù

¥*§,õ_äíÝMOÆ

ˆ MŸ P ˆ }·

8é?è"û¼ë:ñEíHÆ ù Mž P ³

:_ñ?ë"ðÁëÑú:ðÁó3õ í_é?è"û

ä76ç_è3äë"ë"ðÁé?í

ýpÆ

ˆ ý ù -„

I7µ Y Y

ú:õnäè3äµ Y =^I79 Yœ Y 8é?è)µÍIÐM9

YDœ

P

ÿ›¶

¥

Ê

ùnë"óTñ?ëTðÁí‚ó3õ_äÓç_ùnè"äF­"ùnû¼ç‚êñEë3äì,ú|äÀêñ?í‚ù_ë3äÀó3õ_äÓ:_ñ?ë"ðÁëÍMÆ ˆ MŸ P ˆ

ó"éHä76î

ó3äínöÀó3õnärêéEínêäçnó"ë|é8

ðÁönñTë"çnñEêäì

<

ðêÁ¼ç_è3éö_ùnêó|é?è

äè"û¼ðÁó3äró3è"ñ?í_ë}8éEè3ûuó3éTó3õnä

û¼ð>6ó3ù_è3äé8

ñ?ù_ë"ë"ðÁñ?í ñEínö çnù_è"ä]­"ù_ûÐç âpã

äåæÀínéEðÁë"äü

¸ ¹£º`»¼2/12p( å3+¼-.(*2p+4&Õ+4æÈ(*â.ä¾½Íçë@çË2£ä;¿-.çË(*2p+4&

5 í ó3õ_ðÁëÓC_äêó"ðÁé?í ú|äHë"ç›äêð>8ægó"õnäHë"äó"îùnç é8pé?ù_èÓínéEínîïðÁínäñ?èÓò_ïÁó3äè3ðínô ç_è3é:nïÁäû¼ì

:nñEë"äö éEí ñ âpã

äåæÓç_è3éêäë"ë:ñEë:ö_è3ðÁåðínô¼í_é?ðÁë"äü¾ùnè"ó3õ_äè:ú|äéEùnó3ïðÁínäõ_é8ú ó3é¼ö_äè"ðÁå?ä

ó3õ_äTêéEè3è"äë"ç›éEínö_ðÁínô¿ÔñÁ8ñEðVäøù_ñ?ó3ðé?í_ìVæðäïÁö_ðÁínôÄñUM/ïÁðÁí_äñEè}PC

¼

DE¸8/éEèró3õ_äTùní_ínéEè3î

û¼ñ?ïÁð^ÂäöÀêé?í_önðÁó"ðÁéEínñEï~ö_äí_ë3ðóæÓé8–ó"õnäpònïó3äè,ç_è"éêäë"ë"ü˧:õ_äíÄú|äpönäûÐéEínë"ó"è3ñEó3äpõné8ú

ó3õ_ä£8è3ñEûÐäú|é?è–ÁgðíØCnäêó3ðé?íØf êñEíØ:›äHñ?ç_çnïðÁäö ó"é çnè"é8åðÁönäHñEí ä76ç_ïÁðÁêðóÓë3ó"è3éEínô

Æ@Ç

³

ë"éEïÁùnó"ðÁé?í é8Oó3õ_äF¿ÔñÁ8ñEðäøùnñEó3ðÁéEínü

(9)

É3ßÛà)Ê"Í%ȴįÅ

<

äÐú:ðÁë"õ ó"éÄðÁíåEäë"ó3ðÁôEñ?ó"äÐñÄí_é?í_ïÁðÁí_äñEèpò_ïÁó3äè3ðÁí_ôÄç_è3é:nïäû é8|ó3õ_ä.8é?ïÁïé8ú,ðÁí_ôÄóæç›ä¢=

Z¹ë"ë"ùnû¼äLñJç_ñ?è"ó3ðÁñEïÁïÁæÄé:në"äè3å8ñ:_ïÁäLçnè"éêäë3ëBMO? A Y \ A P ÿ ï 8 ð p Y

Ó¶ R ¶á

ìOönäòní_äö

é?íÄñTçnè"é:_ñ:_ðÁïÁðóæJë"çnñEêäHM5+

Y ² Y

‰P¥? A ë3ó"ñ?í_önëË8é?èÏó"õnärù_íné:në"äè3å8ñ:nïÁärêé?û¼ç›éEínäíó

é8Ôó3õnä¹ç_è3éêäë"ë"ì›è3ä¢8äè"è3äöJó"éLñ?ë|ó3õ_ä ܇©*ÞVÝ

ßÚÙ

Ö6ܞÜ

ì~ú,õ_äè"äñEë‰\ A ðë|ó3õ_äÑé:në"äè3å8ñ:nïÁä

çnñEè"ó3ìOêñ?ïÁïäö

Ùª6Ü?Ö6Ú«†Ý"ىÞyßÚÙ Ö6ܞÜ

ü¦Cnù_çnç›éEë"ä™ó"õnñEó¹ó3õnäLö_æínñEû¼ðÁêëré8Æó"õnäLç_è3éêäë"ë

ðÁë:ö_äë"êè3ð>:›äö9:æÓó3õ_äF8éEïÁïÁé8ú:ðÁí_ô.ChDE]=

G ? A I KNM? A P

GWRJSUT

M? A P GV X

A M ü ü P

G \ A I `M

R Y ? A P

GRJSUGWV a

A S b 5 c

d0e

M

GWR

Y G c P Y

ú:õnäè3äFM V X

A YV a

A

P–ðë–ñ

<

ðÁäínäè–çnè"éêäë"ë"ìW:›äðÁí_ôÑðÁí_önäç›äínö_äíó–é8†ó"õnä¬ðíó3äôEäèOå8ñ?ïÁù_äö

è"ñ?í_önéEû ûÐäñ?ë"ù_è3ä d0e

ìÔú,õ_ðÁê‰õ õnñEë:ó3õ_äçnè"äö_ðÁêó"ñ:_ïÁäêé?û¼ç›äínë"ñ?ó"é?è



ž M GR

Y G c YQŸ

P1IL JM R Y

?BA

Yc P GR¢¡

MG c P

8é?èñ âpã

äåæ û¼äñ?ë"ù_è3ä

¡

ñEínöyñ98ùní_êó"ðÁé?íÞ JM R Y ¤1Y

c

P¥J§,õ_ä¼ðÁínðó3ðÁñEïÆêé?í_önðÁó"ðÁéEí9?BõÀðÁë

ñ?ë"ë"ù_ûÐäöJó"éÀ:›ä¹ñ™è"ñ?í_öné?ûlå8ñEè3ðÁñ:nïäÑðÁí_önäç›äí_önäíó¬é8 V X

A Y V a A ¥ 5

íJç_ñ?è"ó3ðÁêùnïñ?è"ì›ó3õnä

êñEë"ä0`JM R Y ¤

P?â

êéEè3è"äë"ç›é?í_önëÑó3é¼ó3õ_äpç_ùnè"ä@­3ù_û¼çÄé:në"äè3å8ñEó3ðÁéEí çnè"éêäë"ë

G \ A I b 5 c d.e

M

GR

Y G c P7¥

5

íó3õ_ä18é?ïïÁé8ú,ðínô:ú|ä‹è3äë3ó"è3ðêóÔó3õnä âpã

äåæ¹û¼äñ?ë"ùnè"ä

¡

ó3é:›äÆò_ínðÁó"äÆú:ðÁó"õ

b 5 gc g ¡ MG c P Š

Œ

üÜùnèÑû¼ñ?ðÁí„ó3õ_äéEè3äû Mç:õnäé?è"äû

ü^f?ü

P:ú:ðÁïÁïJ:›äç_è3é8åEäí„ùní_önäè:ó"õnðëÑñ?ë"ë"ùnû¼çnî

ó3ðé?í_ü

é8úÏäå?äè3ì–ú|ä™ë"ó3è"äë"ëÑó"õnñEó:ñJêé?è"è3äë3ç›éEínö_ðÁí_ô¼è"äë"ù_ïÁó48é?èÑô?äínäè3ñEï âã

äåæÀû¼äñ?î

ë"ùnè"äëÑêñ?í9:›äñ?ó"ó3ñEðÁínäö9:æÀùnë"ðÁí_ô¼ë"ðÁû¼ðÁïÁñ?è:ñEè3ôEùnû¼äíó3ë:ñEínö êéEínö_ðÁó3ðé?í_ë3ü

¾é?èró3õnäLë"ñÁ?äLé8Æñ?è"ô?ù_û¼äíó¹ú|äLïÁðûÐðó¹é?ù_è3ë"äïå?äë¹ó3éÓó"õnäLêñ?ë"ä X Iãn I

¥§Oé

ô?ù_ñ?è"ñ?íó"ää¼ñÄù_ínðÁøù_ä£M/ë"ó"è3éEínôPpë"é?ïùnó3ðé?íyé8|ë"æë"ó3äûÛM ü ü

Pú|äÐè"äøù_ðÁè3ä¼ó3õ_ñ?óó3õnä

önð÷›ùnë"ðÁéEíÄêéä7ѼêðÁäíó3ëFK,ñ?í_ö

T

ñEè"ä

â

ðÁçnë"ê‰õ_ðÁó}Âêé?íó"ðÁíù_é?ùnë:ñEínö ë"ñ?ó3ðë}8æÓó3õ_äpïðÁínäñ?è

ô?è"é8ú:ó3õHêé?í_önðÁó"ðÁéEínü¦¾ù_è3ó"õnäè3ìVïÁäó¹ùnërö_äû¼ñ?í_öHó3õ_ñ?óró3õ_äLé:_ë"äè"å8ñ?ó3ðé?í¨8/ù_ínêó3ðÁéEíU`†ì

ó3õ_ä™ðíó3äí_ë"ðÁóæÄè"ñ?ó3äH  ñEínöHó3õ_äÀ8ù_ínêó3ðÁéEínëÀK

Y T

ñ?è"ä¦:›é?ù_ínö_äöHñ?í_ö„êé?íó"ðÁíùnéEùnë"ü 5 í

ñ?ö_önðó3ðÁéEí ïÁäóF JM

R

YQ¤‰Y

c

P:›äë3ó"è3ðêó3ïæÓ:nðô?ôEäè:ó3õ_ñ?í9Âäè3éEü

ðå?äí‚ñ

!

éEè3äïÏûÐäñ?ë"ù_è3ñ:nïä8/ù_ínêó3ðÁéEíä‡nì:ó"õnäÀí_é?í_îïÁðínäñ?èTò_ïÁó3äè3ðínô ç_è3é:nïäû

êéEû¼äë¹öné8ú:í„ó3éJö_äó"äè"ûÐðínä™ó3õ_ä™ïÁäñ?ë"óÑë"øùnñEè3äLäë"ó3ðÁû¼ñEó3ä™é8\‡_MO? A P Y

ô?ðå?äíHó3õnäLé:nî

ë"äè"å8ñ?ó"ðÁé?í_ërù_ç ó3éÄó3ðÁû¼ä

R ü 5 í é?ó"õnäèrú|éEè3ö_ëró"õnäTç_è3é:nïäû\êé?í_ë"ðÁë"ó3ëpðÁí äå8ñ?ïÁù_ñ?ó"ðÁínô

ó3õ_ä

ى߂‡ö„Ý ÖÚ

¯¨±‡‰M?BAQP ² a

A Y

(10)

ú:õnäè3ä ² a

A

ðë:ó3õ_ä ñEïÁô?ä¢:nè"ñ?ìÔô?äínäè3ñEó3äö9:棴\ µ Y ¥

5

8:ó3õnäÀêé?í_önðó3ðÁéEínñEï|çnè"é:_ñ:_ðÁïÁðóæ‹å£±? A ² a

A

ðÁëTñ:_ë3éEïÁù_ó3äïæ êé?íó"ðÁíùnéEùnëTú:ðÁó3õ

è"äë"ç›äêó,ó"éÐó"õnä

â

ä7:›äë"ô?ùnäû¼äñEë"ùnè"äú,ðÁó"õ êé?í_önðó3ðÁéEínñEïö_äí_ë"ðÁóæ

þ MR Y¤1YQŸ

P Y ðüÁäü

壱? A ÿ G ¤ ² a

A MŸ PÅI

þ MR Y ¤1YQŸ

P G

¤1Y

ðÁóÆú:ðÁïÁï':›ä,êéEínêäðÁå8ñ:nïäÏó"épë"é?ïÁåEä,ó3õ_äÏë"éEîêñ?ïÁïÁäö.¾ù ­"ðÁë"ñÁðîÉñ?ïÁïðÁñ?í_çnù_è"îÉùní_ðÁó3ñpäøùnñ?î

ó3ðé?íUM/ë"ää¹äüÁôEüÀ±É ½

P3ü3§:õnðë|äøùnñEó3ðÁéEíÓðë|ñTë"ó3éê‰õnñEë"ó3ðÁêrçnñEè3ó"ðÁñ?ï›ö_ðÁ÷›äè3äíó3ðÁñEï›äøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?í

8é?è

þ MR Y¤1YQŸ

P"ìú:õnðêžõ ðÁíåEé?ïÁåEäë:ó3õ_äpñEö ­"éEðÁíó,é8Oó3õnäðÁí_òní_ðÁó3äë3ðû¼ñ?ïôEäí_äè"ñ?ó3éEè:é8? A

ñ?í_öÓó3õnä¹ðÁí_íné8å8ñEó3ðÁéEíJç_è3éêäë"ë G¡

A I G \ A ³

¯¨±? A ² a

A

GR

ñEë|ó3õ_äÑö_è3ðåðÁínôLçnè"éêäë"ë"ü

é8ú|äå?äèpðÁórðërí_é?ópäñEë3æ„ó"éÀêéEç›äTú:ðÁó3õ òní_önðÁí_ôÀñÄë"é?ïÁù_ó3ðÁéEí é8‹ó"õnðÁëpäøùnñ?ó"ðÁéEínü 5 í

é?è"ö_äèpó"éÄé8åEäè"êé?û¼äÐó"õnðëpö_ð>Ѽêù_ïÁóæì]ÒHü1¿ÔñÁ8ñ?ðM/ë"ä䨱¿ ½

PpðÁíó3è"éö_ùnêäö ó"õnä

÷†Þ_ÞVÙ Ú2

ö„Ý

54?֞Û

ىÞVÛÂ"ىÞVÝ

ÛÖ6Þ_܇×

ì~ðÁüäü,ñTçnè"éêäë3ë?æ,ì~ú:õnðêžõÀðÁë,è3äïÁñ?ó"äöÀó3é

þ MR Y ¤1YQŸ

PÏðÁí

ó3õ_ä8/éEïÁïÁé8ú:ðÁí_ôÐúÏñ*æW=

þ MR Y¤1Y Ÿ PÅI

æ0M

R

YQ¤1YŸ P

b

æ0M

R Y ¤1YŸ P G ¤ ¥ M ü

ü>fP

§:õùnë‹ó3õ_ä,ë"é?ïùnó3ðé?í¼é8›ó3õ_ä,é?è"ðÁôEðÁínñEïnçnè"é:nïÁäû]êñ?íB:›ä,è"äó3è"ðÁäå?äöB:æLùnë"ðÁí_ôaæ:ì_ú:õnðÁê‰õ

8ùnïònïÁïë|ñLïÁðÁí_äñEè@C

¼

DFE‹ì›êñ?ïÁïÁäöÓ¿ñÁ8ñ?ð›äøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?í_ü

5

ó|ó"ùnè"ínëÏé?ùnó|ó"õnñEó¬ó"õnðë|äøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?í

ðÁë:ïäë"ë:ö_ð>Ѽêù_ïÁó,ó"é¼ó3ñ?êpÁïÁäó3õ_ñ?í ó"õnäñ:›é8åEäpû¼äíó3ðÁéEínäöÄéEínäü

¾é?ïïÁé8ú,ðínôpñpë"ðÁû¼ðÁïñ?èÆïÁðínä,é8è"äñ?ë"éEínðínôpó3épó"õnä,ç_ñ?ç›äèÆé83¿ñÁ8ñ?ð_±¿ ½

ì':æ™ä¢6çnïÁéEðÁó3î

ðÁí_ôTó3õ_äÒ ñ?è–Á?é8åJçnè"é?ç›äè3óæJé8Ôç_è3éêäë"ë"äë,ñEínöÀó"õnäpêžõ_ñ?í_ô?äpé8–û¼äñ?ë"ù_è3äpûÐäó3õ_éöÀðÁí

M ü ü

P"ì_é?í_ä,ë"õné8ú:ë‹ó3õnñEóÆñpêé?è"è3äë"ç›é?í_önðínôF¿ÔñÁ8ñEðnäøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?íB8/éEèÆû¼éönäï_M ü

ü>fPÆêñ?í

:›äräë"ó3ñ:_ïÁðÁë"õ_äöÄM/ë"ääpñ?ïÁë"éͱ

è ½

é?覱DFÎ

½

P3ü§Oé.:›ärû¼é?è"ärç_è3äêðÁë"äì~ïÁäóÏùnë,ò_è3ë"óÏö_äò_ínä

ó3õ_äTäøù_ðÁå8ñ?ïäíórû¼äñ?ë"ù_è3ä ž é?í°MV+

Y ² PråðÁñ

G

ÝIèç

¤ G ž ú:ðÁó"õ¨Î:ñEönéEínî´é¹ð>ÁEéönæû

önäínë"ðóæ

ç1A I ä¢6ç´

³ A

õ

`M

· Y

?Bµ7P GWV0a

µ S f A

õ ` ù M · Y

?HµP

G · M ü ü P

S A

õ b 5

ïÁéEô JM

· Y

?Bµ7P

d e MG · Y G c P S A

õ b 5 M ³

 JM

· Y

?Bµ7P}P

G · ¡ MG c P ¹ ¥

Ϲë"ðÁí_ôdó3õnä

ðè3ë"ñEíné8å‚ó"õnäé?è"äû 8é?èJè"ñ?í_önéEûXû¼äñEë3ù_è"äëJñEínö•ó3õ_ä ù_ínðøùnäínäë3ëÓé8

ë"äû¼ðÁû¼ñ?è"ó3ðô?ñEïÁä ê‰õnñEè"ñ?êó"äè"ðÁë"ó3ðÁêëÄM/ë"ää äüÁô?ü ±Ê C ½

P"ìré?í_ä ë"ääëÀó"õnñEóÀó3õ_ä çnè"éêäë"ë"äë

M ü ü

PÑôEäó¹önäêé?ù_çnïäö„ù_ínö_äè¹ó3õ_ä™û¼äñEë"ùnè"ä ž ðÁí„ó"õnäLë3äínë"ä™ó"õnñEóÑë"æë"ó3äû M ü ü P

ó3è"ñ?í_ë–8é?è"ûÐëÑó3é

G ? A I KNMO? AP

GRJSUT

M? A P GWV0X

A

G

\A I V A S

Æ@A

(11)

ú:õnäè3ä4\ A ðÁë:ñ äåæÓç_è3éêäë"ë:ðÁí_önäç›äí_önäíó,é8? A ù_ínö_äè ž ú:ðÁó3õ

V

A_I V0a

A ³ A

õ

`M

· Y

?Hµ7P G ·

ðÁë:ó"õnä

!

è"é8ú:ínðÁñEí ûÐéEó3ðÁéEí çnñEè3ó:ñ?í_ö

Æ@A_I

A

õ b

5Wc

d MG · Y G c P

ðÁë‹ó3õ_äJ­"ùnû¼çÐêé?û¼ç›éEínäíó"ì_önè"ðÁåEäíB:æ™ó"õnä

¼

é?ðë3ë"éEíÐè"ñ?í_önéEû]û¼äñEë"ùnè"ä

d MG · Y G c

PÅ=>I

d0e

MG · Y G c

P,ú:ðÁó"õÄêé?û¼ç›äí_ë"ñ?ó"ðÁé?í

G · ¡ MG c

§:õnäùní_í_é?è"ûÐñEïÁð>Âäö êéEínö_ðÁó3ðé?í_ñ?ïÔönäínë"ðÁ󿛿 ðÁëÑönäòní_äö ñ?ë

æ0M R Y ¤1YQŸ

PÅI°¯

„ ±çëê

‘

A ² a

A MŸ P þ MR Y¤1Y Ÿ

P¥ M ü ü P

Ê

ùnë"ó¬ñEë¬ðíJó3õ_ä

ñ?ù_ë3ë"ðñ?íJêñ?ë"äìðó¬êñEíH:›äÑç_è3é8åEäíÓó3õ_ñ?ó)æ:ì›çnè"é8åðÁönäöJðÁó|ä76ðÁë"ó"ë¬ñEínö

8ùnïònïÁïë|êäè"ó3ñEðÁíÓè3äô?ù_ïÁñEè3ðÁóæÐñEë"ë"ùnû¼çnó"ðÁé?í_ë"ì›ínäêäë"ë3ñEè3äïÁæÐë"éEïÁå?äë|ó3õ_ä48éEïÁïÁé8ú:ðÁínô¦¿ÔñÁ8ñEð

äøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?íh=

æ¦M

R Y ¤ P I A

õ:ì

“

æ¦M

·

YQ¤

PG · S M ü ü P

A

õ

`M

· Y ¤

Pæ¦M

·

YQ¤

P

GV

µ S A

õ b 5 M  JM

· Y ¤1Y

c P ³ Pæ¦M

·

YQ¤

P d MG · Y G c P

æ0M

Y ¤ P I þ

õhM

¤ P Y

ú:õnäè3ä

ì “ ðëTó"õnäÄñ?öN­3éEðÁíóTéEç›äè"ñ?ó"é?èÐé8Ñó3õ_äÀô?äínäè3ñEó3é?è

ì

é8 ? A Y d MG · Y G c P.=>I

d MG · Y Gí

P

³ÄG

· ¡ MG c

PLñ?í_ö ú:õnäè3ä

þ

õ*M

¤

PLðëLó"õnäÓö_äí_ë"ðÁóæÈ8/ù_ínêó3ðÁéEí é8,ó"õnäÓðínðÁó"ðÁñEï

êéEínö_ðÁó3ðé?íH?.õW¥hÜínäé:në"äè"å?äë:ó3õ_ñ?ó

ì

“™êñ?í9:›äú:è3ðÁó"ó3äí ñEë

ì “ I7î

³ ƒ M ü ü P

8é?èVñ8ù_ínêó3ðÁéEí

ƒ MR Y ¤ P Y

ú:õnäè"äÛîxðÁëVó"õnäÏô?äínäè"ñEó3é?èVé8_ñrönð÷›ùnë"ðÁéEínü

5

íTó3õ_ä@8é?ïïÁé8ú:ðÁínô

ú|äpñ?ë"ë"ùnû¼äpó3õ_ñ?ó

ƒ

ðÁë,ðÁí

ñ ‘ !ù

ï Mï ð FïÀPIð

ñ ù ð š Mï ð FïÀP

Y

ú,õ_äè"ä

ñ 8 !p

ï Mï ð ÍïP

önäínéEó3äëó3õnä¼ë"çnñEêä¼é8|êéEíó3ðÁíù_é?ù_ë"ïÁæHönð÷›äè"äíó3ðñ:_ïÁä.8ù_ínêó3ðÁéEínëMX ó3ðûÐäëðÁí

R

ìn

ó3ðûÐäë|ðÁí

¤

P|ú:ðÁó"õÓñ?ïÁï›ç_ñ?è"ó3ðÁñEï›önäè"ðÁå8ñEó3ðÁåEäë#:›é?ù_ínö_äönì~ñ?í_öÓú:õnäè"ä

ñ 8 ð š

ë"ó3ñEínö_ë@8é?è

ó3õ_äÀë"çnñ?êäÀé88ù_ínêó3ðÁéEínëTú:õ_é?ë"äÀçnñEè3ó"ðÁñ?ïÏönäè3ðå8ñ?ó3ðå?äëTùnç‚ó"é é?è"önäè X ñEè"ä

Ôé?ïÁö_äè

êéEíó3ðÁíù_é?ù_ë:é8Vé?è"önäè

Š œ

¶°

¥

(12)

5 í éEè"önäèJó"éyö_äè"ðÁå?ä„ñ?í•ä¢6çnïÁðêðÁóJë"é?ïÁù_ó3ðÁéEí•é8ró3õ_ä9¿ÔñÁ8ñEð:äøùnñEó3ðÁéEí M ü ü

P3ìrú|ä

ú:ðÁïÁïÏðÁíåEéÁ?äÀó"õnä¾äæí_ûÐñEínî‚ÉpñEêÀè3äçnè"äë"äíó"ñ?ó"ðÁé?íÝ8é?è"ûLù_ïÁñ?üÞ§VéHôEðÁåEäÓñ ë"ùhÑÐêðÁäíó

ë"äóÀé8™êé?í_önðó3ðÁéEínë×8é?èÄó3õ_ä å8ñ?ïÁðönðÁóæ•é8ó"õnðÁë×8é?è"ûLù_ïÁñ?ìLú|ä û¼ñÁEä ó3õ_ä¨8é?ïïÁé8ú:ðÁínô

è"äøùnðè3äûÐäíó3ëÍM/ë"ääÓäüÁô?ü ±¾ ½ P–=

<

äÓñEë"ë3ù_û¼äÓó3õnñEóLó3õ_äJôEäí_äè"ñ?ó"é?è<î ðí¸M ü ü

PLðÁë

ùní_ð>8é?è"û¼ïÁægäïÁïðÁçnó"ðÁê„ñEínö•ó"õnñEó9KJñ?ínö

T

ñ?è"ä

Ôé?ïönäèJêéEíó3ðÁíù_é?ù_ëJñEínöØ:›é?ù_ínö_äö_ü

¾ùnè"ó3õ_äè"ì™ïäóÀó"õnä ðínðÁó"ðÁñ?ïpêé?í_önðó3ðÁéEí

þ

õdðÁí®M ü ü

P:›ä ç›é?ë"ðÁó"ðÁå?ä ñ?í_ö :›äïé?í_ô‚ó3é

ñ ù ð š

ï MïÀP¥

Z¹ë"ë"ù_ûÐä:ó3õ_ñ?ó‹ñ?í 5 ó 

éðÁíó3äô?è"ñ:_ïÁä:ë3éEïÁù_ó3ðÁéEíæ0M

R

YQ¤

PÆðÁí¨M ü ü

P‹ä76ðë3ó"ë"ü#§,õ_äíB:æ

MÃfEü

Pñ?í_öyñ ë"ðÁû¼ðÁïÁñEèè"äïÁñEó3ðÁéEíÈ8é?èó"õnä

!

è"é8ú:ínðÁñEíyû¼é?ó3ðé?í_ì¬ó3õ_äB¿ñÁ8ñ?ð‹äøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?í

êñEí9:›äpäøùnðå*ñEïÁäíó3ïÁæÓè"ä78éEè3ûTùnïÁñEó3äö ñEë

æ0M

R Y¤ P M

ü>fEü P

I A

õ

î,æ0M

· Y ¤ P ³ ƒ M· Y ¤

Pæ¦M

·

YQ¤

PG · S A

õ

`M

·

YQ¤

Pôæ0M

· Y ¤ P

™iõ

µ G ·

S A

õ b 5

M‚ JM

·

YQ¤1Y

c P ³ Pôæ0M

· Y ¤ P ™ ¡

d M · Yc P G · ¡ MG c P

æ0M

Y ¤ P I þ

õhM

¤ P Y

ú:õnäè3ä

õ A è3äë"çnüÑ¡

d MR Y c

P:ðÁëÑó3õnäú:õnðó3äínéEðÁë"äpé8

V A è3äë"çnü d MR Yc

P,ðíÄM ü ü

P3ü

!

æÐñEçnç_ïÁæðÁí_ô9M‡8/éEè3û¼ñEïÁïÁæWP|ó"õnä

äè"û¼ðÁó3ä¹ó"è3ñEínë–8é?è"ûuó3éÍM

ü^f?ü

P|ú|ä¹ö_äö_ùnêä¹ó3õ_ñ?ó

R æ0M

R

YQ¤1Y

ô

PÛIöî æ0M

R Y ¤1Y ô P ³

M R Y ¤1Y

ô P æ0M R Y ¤1Y

ô P M

ü>fEü>fP

æ¦M

YQ¤1Y

ô

PÛI

þ

õ*M

¤ P Y

ú:õnäè3ä

M R Y¤1Y

ô

P1IÐM

ƒ MR Y¤ P ³

`M

R

YQ¤

P õ A Mô P ³ b 5 M‚ JM

R Y ¤1Y

c P ³ P ¦ Mz¡

d MR Yc

P}PNM

ô

P}P

¡ MG c P

8é?è

ô

ÿª

’¬ ¥

Ϲë"ðÁí_ô:ó3õ_äÆðíå?äè3ë"ä

äè"û¼ðÁó3ä‹ó"è3ñEínë–8é?è"û ú|ä‹é:_ó3ñEðÁí:æ¹û¼äñ?ínë–é8ó"õnäžäæí_û¼ñ?ínî

Éñ?ê8é?è"ûLùnïñÐñ¼ë"éEïÁùnó"ðÁé?í êñ?ínö_ðÁö_ñ?ó"äF8éEè,ó"õnä¿ÔñÁ8ñ?ðÔäøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?íÝM ü ü

P"ü

÷@øÕùtúÙûù¯üþýqÿÙÿ

C_ùnç_ç›é?ë"ä¹ó"õnñEó4`MóP3ì_ JM‚ó

Y c P ÿÈñ

‘ !ù

ï Mï ð ×ïÀPð

ñ ù ð š Mï ð

ïÀPLùní_ð>8é?è"û¼ïÁæ ðí

c

üħ,õ_äí‚äøùnñEó3ðé?í¸M

ü>fEü

PLõ_ñ?ëTñHù_ínðÁøù_äÓë"ó3è"é?í_ôHë"é?ïÁù_ó3ðÁéEí ðÁí

MúPž“*üÒHé?è"äé8åEäè:ðÁó"ë:ë"é?ïÁù_ó3ðé?í ó3ñÁ?äë:ó3õ_äpä¢6çnïÁðêðÁó8é?è"û

(13)

æ¦M

Y ¤ P M ü>fEü P

I ¯±

þ

õhMO? A MrP_ä76ç‰M

³ A

õ ƒ M · Y? A ê µ MrP G · P

ä76çt 

A

õ

`M

· Y ? A ê µ MrP}P GV

µ MŸ P S A

õ b 5 M JM

· Y ? A ê µ MrP

Y c P ³ P d MG · YG c YQŸ

P ½Y

ú:õnäè3ä4?BµWM'P1IØ?

µ

M'P,ðë:ñ¼önð÷›ùnë"ðÁéEí çnè"éêäë"ëÑñ?ë"ë"éêðÁñEó3äö ú,ðÁó"õoî¼ìÔú:õnðÁê‰õ ë"ó"ñ?è"ó3ë

ñ?óLó"ðÁû¼äÓÂäè"éHðÁí

¤

ñ?í_ö ú:õnðÁê‰õ ðÁëTönäòní_äö éEí ñ?í ñEù'6ðÁñEïÁðÁñEè3æyç_è3é:nñ:nðÁïðÁóæ ë"ç_ñ?êä

M

Y Y P¥3¯

ðÁëó"õnä¼ä¢6ç›äêó"ñ?ó"ðÁé?í ú,ðó3õyè"äë"ç›äêóó3é ó3õ_ä¼ûÐäñ?ë"ù_è3ä¼é8‰?Bµ0IL?

µ

ñ?í_ö ó3õ_ä

<

ðÁêpÁÓäç›é?í_äíó3ðñ?ïÔä76ç

 

ðë:önäòní_äö ñ?ëÑðÁíÝMÃf?ü

P3ü

ûúú !

æ„ñ?ë"ë"ùnû¼ç_ó3ðÁéEí ú|äÐêñEí ñ?çnç_ïÁæ„ó"õnä.¾äæínû¼ñEínîÉñEê08é?è"ûLù_ïÁñÄó3éÄó3õnä

ß:ñ?ù_êžõæÄçnè"é:_ïÁäû M

ü>fEü>fP:ó3éJé:_ó3ñEðÁí„ó3õ_äë"ó3éê‰õ_ñ?ë"ó3ðêè"äç_è3äë"äíó3ñEó3ðÁéEí„é8Vó3õ_äë"éEïÁùnî

ó3ðé?í ñ?ë

æ¦M R Y¤1Y

ô

P1I°¯±

þ

õ*M? A M'P}P_ä76ç_M

³ A

õ

M

· Y ? A ê µ MrP

Y ô P G · P ½¥

! æ ó"ñÁðÁí_ôÞM‡f?ü

PLñ?í_ö MÃfEü

"

P™ðíó3é„ñEêêé?ù_íó™ú|äÓêñ?í ä76ó"è3ñEêó™ó"õnä

¦

ó"è3ñEínë–8é?è"û

8è3éEû ó3õ_äpïä78ó:õnñ?í_ö ë"ðÁönäé8Oó3õ_äpïÁñEë"ó,è"äïñ?ó"ðÁé?í ñEínö ô?äó

æ0M R Y ¤1Y

ô

PÅI BM

R Y ¤1Y ô P Y

ú:õnäè3ä önäínéEó3äë:ó"õnää76ç_è3äë3ë"ðé?í é?í ó3õnäè"ðÁô?õó:õnñEínö ë"ðÁönäé8M

ü>fEü

P"ü˧:õ_äí ó3õnä

ê‰õnñEè3ñEêó"äè"ð>ÂñEó3ðÁéEí ó3õnäé?è"äû ðíı

âJ»F¼]½

äíó3ñEðÁïÁëÑó3õnñEó

æ0M

R

YQ¤

P1IBM

R

YQ¤

5

íÄéEè3ö_äè,ó"éÐêéEínò_è3û ó3õ_ñ?ó ñEêó3ù_ñ?ïÁïæJë"éEïÁå?äë¦M

ü^f?ü

P3ìéEínäpõ_ñ?ë:ó3éÐë"õ_é8ú ó3õ_ñ?ó:ó3õnä

¦

îó3è"ñ?í_ë–8/éEè"û ñEínö‚ó3õ_äÀönäè"ðÁå8ñEó3ðÁåEäëTðÁí M ü>fEü

PTêñEíÄ:›äÀðÁíó3äè3ê‰õ_ñ?í_ô?äönü

!

ùnóTó3õ_ðÁë

êéEû¼ûLùnó"ñ?ó"ðÁé?í•é8réEç›äè"ñ?ó3éEè3ëÓêñEí°:›ä„ç›äè–8é?è"û¼äö°:›äêñ?ù_ë"ä„é8§:õ_äé?è"äû f?ü

"

€dðÁí

±E]C

½

ñEínö ñ âpã

äåæ åEäè"ë"ðÁéEídé8#§:õ_äéEè3äû ü ü

ðí ±

»

Ï¿

½

ü]ß,éEû¼çnñEè3äJäüÁô?ü ú:ðÁó3õ

±

!˽

éEè0±

¼]½

ü

<

äpêñ?í å?äè"ð>8æÓó3õ_ñ?ó:ó3õ_äpë"é?ïÁù_ó3ðé?í æ0M

R

YQ¤

P,ðÁí9§,õ_äéEè3äû

ü>fEü>fÐó"ñÁ?äë:å8ñ?ïÁù_äë:ðÁí

ñ¼êéEínë"ðÁö_äè"ñ:_ïÁæÓë"û¼ñ?ïïÁäè:ë"ù':_ë"çnñEêäé8MOúPD“¥

ù¯üÑü«ýÙÿÙÿ

§:õnäë"é?ïÁù_ó3ðé?í'æ¦M R Y ¤

P:ðÁíÝM

ü>f?ü

P:›äïÁéEínôEë:ó3éÀÆ@ÇhM

ž

P3ì

þ ¥

ûúú

CnðÁí_êä

V

A¹ñ?í_ö d MR Yc

Ppñ?è"äÐðÁí_önäç›äí_önäíópúÏäÐô?ðÁåEäÐó3õ_äÐçnè"éé8|ú:üÁïÁüÁéEüÁôEü

8é?è:ó3õ_ä@­3ù_û¼ç êñ?ë"äìó"õnñEó,ðÁëÑú|äpêé?í_ë"ðÁönäè:ó3õ_äpêñ?ë"ä.`¦I

ðÁíÝM

ü>fEü

P"ü

(14)

í åðÁè"ó3ùnäé8MÃfEü P,ó"õnäè3äïÁñ?ó"ðÁéEí

ä76ç   ´ A

õ b 5 d MG · Y G c YQŸ

P ¹ M

ü>fEü P

I ä76ç´

A

õ b 5

ïÁéEôM S

P

d MG · Y G c

YQŸ

P S A

õ b 5

M/ïé?ôM S

P

³

P

G · ¡ MG c P ¹

õnéEïÁö_ë"üËC_éÐù_ë"ðÁí_ô.§OéEínäïÁïÁðÔú|äòní_ö ó3õnääë"ó"ðÁû¼ñ?ó"ä

¯ „ ±gæ0M

R

YQ¤

Pg Ç ½

¶ ý þ õ ý Ç Ç

A

¬

#A

¯ ¯ „ ±ä¢6ç´

þ A

õ b 5

ïÁé?ôM‚ JM

· Y

?BA

ê

µMrP

Y c P}P

d MG · Y G c Y Ÿ P

³ þ A

õ b 5

M‚ JM

· Y ? A ê µ MrP

Y c P ³ P G · ¡ MG c P ¹ ½

¶ ý þ

õWý Ç Ç

A

¬ A

ä¢6ç´'M

þ S P ¡ Mï4õ P R M‚ý 3ý

S P Ç ¹

ŠhŒ

¥

§:õù_ë:ó3õ_äpè"äë"ù_ïÁó8/éEïÁïÁé8ú:ë"ü

¾é?è,ó3õ_äpè3äë3ó,é8–ó"õnäpçnñEç›äè,ú|äpðÁû¼ç›é?ë"äpé?íÄó3õ_ärö_ðÁ÷›ù_ë3ðé?íÄêéä¢ÑÐêðÁäíó"ëKÏñ?í_ö

T

ó3éB:›ääïÁäû¼äíó3ëÑðÁí

ñ ‘ !

ï Mï4ð£ïÀP¥

<

äñ?è"äpêé?û¼ðÁí_ô¼ó3é¼é?ù_è:ûÐñEðÁí è3äë"ùnïÁó"ü

÷@øÕùtúÙûù¯ü ýÙÿÙÿ©ý

Ϲínö_äè‹ó3õ_ä,ñ?ë"ë"ùnû¼ç_ó3ðÁéEínë‹ñ?ë‹ë"ç›äêðÁò_äöÐñ:›é8å?ä:ó3õnäè3ä:ä76ðÁë"ó"ëÆñ

ùní_ðÁøù_äë"ó3è"é?í_ô¼ë"é?ïÁù_ó3ðé?í'æ0M

R

YQ¤

PÑðÁíHÆ@ÇhM

ž P

YQþ Y

é8Vó3õnäÀ¿ñÁ*ñEðÔäøù_ñ?ó"ðÁé?í_ìÔú:õnðÁê‰õ

ðÁë:óú:ðÁêäpêé?íó3ðíùnéEùnë"ïÁæÀönðÁ÷›äè3äíó3ðÁñ:nïäpðÁí

¤

ü§:õnäë"é?ïÁù_ó3ðÁéEí ðÁë:ä¢6çnïÁðêðÁó"ïÁæÓôEðÁå?äí×:æ

æ¦M

R

YQ¤

P M

ü>fEü P

I ¯ ±þ õ

MO?BA¢MrP_ä76ç_M

³ A

õ ƒ M · Y

?BA

ê

µWMrP G · P

ä76ç´

A

õ

`M

· Y? A ê µ MrP–P GV

µ MŸ P ³ f A

õ

M‚`JM

· Y ? A ê µ MrP}P–P ù G ·

S A

õ b 5

ïé?ôM‚ JM

· Y ? Aê µ M'P

Yc P}P

d MG · YG c YŸ P

S A

õ b 5

MïÁé?ôM‚ JM

· Y

?BA

ê

µMrP

Y c P}P

³

M‚ JM

· Y

?HA

ê

µWMrP

Y c P ³ P–P

G · ¡ MG c P ¹ ½ ¥

û%úú

ÜínäJê‰õ_äêpÁëLó3õ_ñ?ó@æ¦M óY ¤

PLðÁëLñ„êñ?önïñ?ôHñ?ö_ñ?ç_ó3äö çnè"éêäë"ë3ü

! æ ó3õnäÓðÁí_önäî

ç›äí_önäínêä¼é8

V

ñ?í_ö

d

ñEínöU:æ°M

ü^f?ü

PñEínödñ ë"ðÁû¼ðÁïÁñEèè"äïñ?ó"ðÁé?íU8é?è

V

ú|äJô?äó

ó3õ_ä™è"äçnè"äë"äíó3ñ?ó"ðÁéEí„ðÁíÞM

ü>fEü

P"ü¾éEïÁïÁé8ú:ðÁí_ôJó3õnäLë3ñEû¼ä™ñ?è"ô?ù_ûÐäíó3ë¹ñ?ë¹ðÁíÞ±

! D

¼]Ú½

ì

Referanser

RELATERTE DOKUMENTER

(A) AGB H show a non-linear relationship with leaf area index, (B) linear relationship with tree species richness, (C) a non-linear relationship with LAI at high elevation in

For optimal distribution of the available lift gas among the ve oil wells in order to maximize the total oil production, a non-linear optimization problem with linear

While the solver could be used to solve the entire linear system for the full problem with a large amount of iterations, it is instead applied a few times to the MsFV solution to

- Since the explicit calculations required for a non-linear analysis of this problem can be very long, we have used as our model the limiting case of an infinite Prandtl number..

The problem of computing the distance is first transformed to a quadratic eigenvalue problem with even structure and then further reduced to a linear matrix problem to which a

A widely used solution is to represent density values through a grey or color scale, either using a linear mapping [JS98] or a more effective non linear mapping [HMM00].. The

WS-Discovery defines a multicast protocol using SOAP over UDP to locate services, a WSDL providing an interface for service discovery, and XML schemas for discovery messages.. It

The P-Mul protocol described in ACP 142, will replace the TCP protocol (but still providing a TCP JAVA socket interface). The P-Mul protocol uses the UDP/IP protocol and