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The absolute basics of CORRUPTION

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The absolute basics of CORRUPTION

Inge Amundsen, senior researcher, Chr. Michelsen Institute Friday, February 13th

ISFiT 2015, Trondheim

(2)

Definitions

Abuse (capture) of public power for private benefit

World Bank

Misuse of entrusted power for private gain

Transparency International

(3)

Forms of corruption: Two actors

The STATE

Civil servants Functionaries Bureaucrats

Politicians

Non-

governmental agents

Private firms, businesses

(contractors, bidders)

Private individuals

(users, clients)

Organisations, NGOs

(consultants, clients, users)

(4)

Forms of corruption: Two perspectives

Demand

oriented

Corrupted, public side Extractive,

neopatrimonial, kleptocratic state

Supply oriented

Corruptor,

private side

(bribing firms)

“Captured state”

(5)

Forms of corruption: Two levels

Political corruption

Grand, large scale

Administrative corruption

Petty, small scale

(6)

Political Corruption: Two faces/phases Political corruption

Embezzlement Bribery

“Commissions”

“Privatisations”

Tax systems

Concessions, licences Monopolies

Nepotism Favouritism Vote buying Co-optations

Manipulated institutions

Gov’t resources for elections Impunity

Extraction Power preservation

Referanser

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