Retinal vascular calibres: Risk factors and methodological aspects of retinal vascular imaging. The Tromsø Eye Study – a part of the Tromsø Study.

(1)

""!##!#!" #!

&$%'

(2)

(3)

"

" !"

"#

#

# !"

&$%'

(4)

(5)

0&2&+$&12%&+(&+$

D1(0&4""02"+("

,0&),&

(6)

`

%"!

*+76&7&6$*;7&/41;&6&%8*619)*/0=7196$&7L

− ;+..8*0-..4&14.&+0:1.:&%+08*&61/7389%=J468+$+4087I6&7&6$*&67I8&$*0+$+07 0%%/+0+7868+:&78((L968*&6I8*0-7818*&:1.908&&67816%.0% 174+8.L

− 8*0-168*16;=&)+10. &.8*98*16+8=(168*&/+0(90%+0)1(/=461,&$8I0%

8*&16;&)+04*8*./1.1)+$1$+&8=(167944.&/&086=(90%+0)(1686:&.0%/&%+$.

&59+4/&08L

− /)68&(9.(168*&&08*97+7/0%7944168(61/../=)11%$1..&)9&788*&

&468/&081(4*8*./1.1)=I16%.0% 174+8.L0%8*0-7818*&*&%1(8*&

%&468/&08I6.&0% ..78&07&0I(16.;=7#&+0)90%&6780%+0)0%7944168+:&L

− 8*0-/=/+0794&6:+716..+7+:L8*+&7&0I&468/&081(.+0+$.&%+$+0&I 0+:&67+8=1(61/73I(16$$&48+0)/&+08*&(+6784.$&#98/1781(..(16*&68*1619)*

)9+%0$&8*619)*8*&461$&77L

− 8*0-/=$1S794&6:+71600&86+0,3.+&I&468/&081(4*8*./1.1)=I%&07&

0+:&67+8= 174+8.I&0/6-(16*&6$.&6S$980%&0&6)&8+$)9+%0$&L0-;7:&6=

+/416808(168*&61/73=&89%=I;+8**&6.10)&<4&6+&0$&+014*8*./1.1)+$.

6&7&6$*L

− ;+..8*0-../=6&7&6$*$1..&)9&7+08*&61/73=&89%=L74&$+..=I8*0-781&+6

&68&.7&0(16*+7(90%/&08.$1086+#98+10818*&61/73=&89%=0%,6-&(16

#&+0))6&86&7196$&+0)6%+0)/&8*1%1.1)=I%9&81*&6;16-;+8*90%&&818 116(+&.%7=& 174+8.L&+60%,I;+../+771961,+81S/&&8+0)786:1L

− 8*0-=1;7-+0%96&0 1%)7108&8+0.7$9.6/)+0)&086&U&8VI

&086&(16=&&7&6$*9786.+I0+:&67+8=1(&.#1960&(1686+0+0)0%$&68+(+$8+10+0 6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&/&796&/&087L

− 8*0-,360%:66+-7&0I(16*+7+0:.9#.&+0+8+.)9+%0$&+081+/4988+10L.718*0- 1/+.7)6%(1607;&6+0)59&78+107;*&0$19.%018(+0%07;&67&.7&;*&6&L

− .718*0-8*17&*:&018/&08+10&%0%;*1%&7&6:&78*0-=19L

− *0-781/=;10%&6(9.(/+.=I74&0I+6+/0%%:6%G196&8*&#&78G !

()" .,-/

(7)

a

""!

//&0%6)LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLc 9//6=LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLd +781(44&67LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLe +781(8#.&70%(+)96&7LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLg

##6&:+8+107LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL_^

_ $-)6190%LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL__

_L_ *&&=&0%+87#.11%7944.= LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL__

_L` *+7816+$.4&674&$8+:&106&8+0.+/)+0) LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL__

_La 77&77/&081(8*&/+$61:7$9.896&8*619)*8*&&=& LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL_`

_Lb 77&77/&0871(8*&6&8+0.#.11%:&77&.%+/&8&67LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL_a _Lc &8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&0%$6%+1:7$9.6%+7&7& LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL_d _Ld &8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&0%86%+8+10.$6%+1:7$9.66+7-($8167LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL_d _Le 610T4177+#.&6+7-($816(16$6%+1:7$9.6%+7&7& LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL`^

_Lf &8+0.#.11%$+6$9.8+100%8*&&((&$81(.+)*8 LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL``

` +/71(8*&8*&7+7 LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL`b a &8*1%7 LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL`c aL_ *&61/7389%=0%8*&61/73=&89%= LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL`c aL_L_ 149.8+10LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL`d aL_L` &(6$8+100%6&8+0.4*181)64*= LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL`e aL_La &8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&/&796&/&087 LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL`f aL_Lb 6%+1:7$9.66+7-($816/&796&/&0870%#.11%7/4.&7 LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL`f aL_Lc 8(61/59&78+100+6&7 LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL`g aL_Ld 88+78+$.0.=7&7LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL`g aL` 4&6aLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLa_

b &79.87T79//6=1(44&67LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLab c +7$977+10T/&8*1%1.1)+$.$107+%&68+107LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLae cL_ 08&60.:.+%+8=LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLae cL_L_ &.&$8+10#+7LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLae cL_L` 0(16/8+10#+7 LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLag cL_La 10(190%+0) LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLb`

cL` <8&60.:.+%+8= LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLbc

(8)

b

cLa 1/&788+78+$.$107+%&68+107 LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLbd d +7$977+10T6&79.87LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLbg e 10$.97+107LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLcc f /4.+$8+107(1649#.+$*&.8* LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLcd g 968*&66&7&6$* LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLcd

&(&6&0$&7LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLce 4&67_Sa

44&0%+<

(9)

0

'"!"%

% "

! !

&'"

%&'"!

!'!!

'%

'" %

!!" !1/0/

(1$.,,2'.,,3)%!

1!""!

'%"! ""$

!! '!! !%!

!$!!' '!%

!.44/'1 (0$.,,-'.,,2) !' ( ')%"!!

!! "!

! ! "!%

' ! !'

"!% /.

""!%

(10)

3

# " " !!&#"! (

& ""$$!! !"&!# "!"##'$

# !!!!# "!"($!!# !!!! !$

!!!# " ! !# " ("!' # " !$$!!# !!$! "

! !!!# "(

!$ ! ! ! !! !"&(#

"!!!!! #" ! 3121

!! ! %! "#&! !"&* 3'0..4)0..5+("!!

" $!! $!! !"!!!

# "( "$ !$!$!#

&!!('#$!*& %+"#"

)$ !$!$!# '&!#"(

!$ ! $!#"$$ !& !

!$(

"!'0661!! $!!# " "! 3

!!!! "#&* 2'0../)0..0+$ "! !

* "!! !"!+$( #

# ! ! ("!! "!$

!$!$!#" ($ !$!$!

#" !$(

" !!&&" !!# " !"!

!"" #% " $! "!!!"!

!!(%10!&#"! "!!!#"

" "3 !!!#"$

$!!% "!% "(

(11)

6

%&!#"& &#") !# #)1/02 !17)(0/)0000*")010/1), $ !#-

%&!#"&!!"#&"!&#") !

%##$"%##&!%"# #")(0/)0056*%")02+011/3)1/02'43(6/42+6/5/)

%& &#")

!!1/02$3)(0/)0000*")01102), $ !#-

(12)

f

(13)

g

!"!

11, &2&,+"25""+0"2&+)41 3)0 )&0"+! 0!&,41 3)00&1(# 2,01&+

.,.3)2&,+1"!123!&"1AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA@@A JQ

@0("01,#&0,+12231+!%"*,$),&++!2%"0&1(,# 0!&,41 3)0!&1"1"=

!&"2"1*"))&231+!*,02)&27?0,1." 2&4".,.3)2&,+1"!123!&"1AAAAAAAAA@@AKJ

@&1(# 2,0)"4")1&+2%".02& &.+21")&$&)"#,0+)71"1,+0"2&+)41 3)0 )&0"

,*.0"!2,2%"0"12,#.02& &.+21&+0,*1-O4&1&2KAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA@AA LR "2&+)02"0&,)0+!4"+3)0 )&0"7$"$0,3.1+!1"6AAAAAAAAA@AA MR

!"# !

@%"1 %"*2& "7"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA@ JJ ,*.,1&2"0"2&+)&*$"@%"0,*1-7"23!7KIIPEKIIQ@AAAAAA@AAAA@ JK

@3+!31&*$"1%,5&+$0"2&+)41 3)0 )&0"$0!&+$AAAAAAAAAA@@ JN

@23!7.,.3)2&,+&+2%"0,*1-7"23!7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA@ KO %"*2& &))31202&,+,#2%"123!7.0,2, ,)&+.."0LAAAAAAAAAAAAAA@ LL

")&&)&27D2"12&+$,#D$0!&+$&+2%"0,*1-7"23!7@@AAAAAAAAAA@ MJ

"#&+&2&,+,# ,+#,3+!&+$AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA@@AAAAAAAAAAA@ ML

")2&,+1%&."25""+0"2&+)41 3)0 )&0"=1D#"00&2&+=%"*,$),&++!*0("01 ,#&+#)**2&,+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA@@@AAAAAA MM

(14)

_^

$"!

8*&617$.&617+7+7-+01//90+8+&789%=

68&6+1.&S81S:&09.&68+1

&:&6/=&89%=

.9&1908+0=&89%=

#1%=/77+0%&<

6%+1:7$9.6 &.8*89%=

$&086.6&8+0.68&6=&59+:.&08

$&086.6&8+0.:&+0&59+:.&08 #_$ ).=$17=.8&%*&/1).1#+0 *+)*S%&07+8=.+414618&+0

*7 *+)*S7&07+8+:&S6&$8+:&4618&+0 +086$.77$166&.8+10$1&((+$+&08

.1;S%&07+8=.+414618&+0

9.8+S8*0+$89%=1(8*&617$.&617+7 /)0&8+$6&7100$&+/)+0)

+0)416&89%=1(8*&+7-$8167(16=14+

780%6%%&:+8+10

780%6%&6616

+ +0)416&.==&89%=

(15)

__

- #

3+3 '"!!#'

*&&=&+7#..S7*4&%16)07966190%&%#=$100&$8+:&8+779&I+L&L$160&0%7$.&6U(+)96&

_VL+)*8477&78*619)*8*&$.&66&(6$8+:&/&%+U8*&$160&I08&6+16$*/#&6I.&070%

:+86&197)&.V818*&7&0716=4*1816&$&481671(8*&6&8+0I0%+/49.7&76&$10%9$8&%818*&

$&086.0&6:1977=78&/#=8*&148+$0&6:&I148+$86$80%148+$6%+8+10818*&46+/6=

:+79.$168&<L

&$30"J@ %"1 %"*2& "7"@,30 "?555@+"&@+&%@$,4C.%,2,

*&&=&+77944.+&%;+8*#.11%#=8*&14*8*./+$68&6=I;*+$*6+7&7(61/8*&+08&60.

$618+%68&6=0%&08&678*&16#+88*619)*8*&148+$(16/&0L*&1$9.6#60$*&71(8*&

14*8*./+$68&6=6&8*&$&086.6&8+0.68&6=1(8*&6&8+0I8*&7*1684178&6+16$+.+6=

68&6+&7I8*&.10)4178&6+16$+.+6=68&6+&7I8*&08&6+16$+.+6=68&6+&70%8*&/97$9.6 68&6+&7L*&$&086.6&8+0.68&6=&08&678*&148+$0&6:&#198_L`c$/#&*+0%8*&&=&#..

0%6907(16;6%+08*&$&086&1(8*&0&6:&0%%+:+%&7+0818*&6&8+0.#60$*&788*&.&:&.

1(8*&0&6:&*&%L*&:&0197%6+0)&1(8*&&=&+78*619)*8*&16#+8.794&6+1614*8*./+$

:&+0I;*+$*$1//90+$8&708&6+16.=;+8*8*&($+.0)9.6:&+0I0%%6+07818*&

$:&601977+097L

3+4 !" !"$ "

*&081/=0%4*=7+1.1)=1(8*&&=&+7(90%/&08.811967&07&1(7+)*8L96:+79.

#+.+8=I81#6+0)8*&+/)&1(8*&;16.%+081196&=&70%8*&6&8+0.4*1816&$&48167I0%

&:&089..=$&6&#6.$1)0+8+10I%&4&0%710$.&6/&%++08*&&=&L96#+.+8=817&&P198Q

(16)

_`

/-&7+84177+#.&817&&+0818*&&=&0%+876&8+0.7869$896&7L0_fc^I8*&&6/04*=7+$+0 0%4*=7+$+78 &6/00:10 &./*1.8>I+0:&08&%8*&14*8*./17$14&I;*+$*..1;&%8*&

14*8*./1.1)+7881.11-+07+%&4&6710O7&=&0%8*&.+:+0)6&8+0L^_*+7;7)6&8

$*+&:&/&08(168*&90%&6780%+0)I%+)017+70%86&8/&081(&=&S%+7&7&7L

*&*+7816=1(6&8+0.4*181)64*=I..1;+0)(167+/4.+(+&%%1$9/&088+10I/&796&/&087I

&:.98+101(461)6&77+100%+..97868+10I%8&7#$-818*&.8&_f^^7;*&0$-/00%

&#78&6%&7$6+#&%8&$*0+59&(164*181)64*=1(8*&*9/0.+:+0)6&8+0L^`+8*8*&

+0861%9$8+101(&.&$8610+$(.7*0%ac//$/&67+08*&_gc^7I8*&/1%&60&61(

14*8*./+$4*181)64*=;77868&%L968*&6$*+&:&/&087$/&;+8*%+)+8.4*181)64*=

U(+)96&`V+08*&_gg^7I;+8*+/)&7+//&%+8&.=:+.#.&;+8*198%6-611/%&.=0%

7+/4.+(+&%+/)&S7816+0)I;*+$*/%&8*&+/)&76&%+.=$$&77+#.&0%..1;&%(16 /&796&70%/10+816+0);+8**+)*&646&$+7+10L*&59.+8=1(6&8+0.+/)&70%

%&:&.14/&081(0&;+/)&/1%.+8+&76&+010)1+0)461)6&77L

&$30"K@ ,*.,1&2"0"2&+)&*$"@%"0,*1-7"23!7KIIPEKIIQ@

3+5 !!!!"" $!#"# " #"'

*&6&8+0.68&6+&76&68&6+1.6+00896&L^a*&6&8+0.#.11%:&77&.76&4681(8*&

/+$61:7$9.896&;*+$*$107+7871(:&77&.7.&778*0^L_S^La//L*&/+$61:7$9.896&+7

$107+%&6#.&4681(8*&$+6$9.816=7=78&/#98+7.&77+0:&78+)8&%8*08*&/$61S

(17)

_a

$+6$9.8+10L*&&=&+790+59&;+0%1;818*&789%=1(8*&/+$61:7$9.896&+0:+:1I7+8 6&59+6&7010S+0:7+:&/&8*1%7L*&6&8+0.:&77&.7/=$1086+#98&818*&789%=1(081/=I 4*=7+1.1)=0%48*1.1)=1(8*&/+$61:7$9.896&I7*6&%;+8*18*&616)07=78&/7L 0_fcg+&#6&+$*;78*&(+67881%&7$6+#&(90%97$*0)&76&.8&%81#.11%46&7796&L^b0 _gbe)0&60%$1..&)9&746&7&08&%$.77+(+$8+101(6&8+0..&7+107+08*&46&7&0$&1(

:7$9.6*=4&68&07+10I#7&%1046&7&0$&1()&0&6.+>&%68&6+1.60661;+0)0%R16(1$.

:7$9.6#016/.+8+&7U68&6+1.60661;+0)I68&6+1:&0197$6177+0)$*0)&7I68&6+1.6 7*&&8+0)0%$*0)&7+08*&68&6+1.6.+)*86&(.&<VI*=4&68&07+:&6&8+0148*=

U/+$610&96+7/7I+0866&8+0.*&/166*)&7I$18810S;11.741870%*6%&<9%8&7V0%

148+$%+7$7;&..+0)L^c(&;=&67.8&6$*&+&79))&78&%81&:.98&*=4&68&07+:&$*0)&7 U68&6+1.60661;+0)I#.&&%+0)7I&<9%8&70%44+..&%&/V0%68&6+1.67$.&617+7

U&:.98&%#=8*&.+)*86&(.&<0%68&6+1:&0197$6177+0)$*0)&7V+08;17&468&(+:&78)&

$.77+(+$8+107$*&/&7L^a

3+6 !!!!"!" "$!!" !

&0&6.+>&%68&6+1.60661;+0)+710&&.&/&081(8*&%&(+0+8+101($.77+$.6&8+0.

*=4&68&07+:&$*0)&7L9#,&$8+:&&:.98+101(8*+74*&01/&010;7461:&081*:&.1;

6&461%9$+#+.+8=0%/16&5908+88+:&/&8*1%7;&6&7&&-&%L^d

0_geb66&8.L%&:&.14&%/&8*1%(1679//6+>&%/&796&/&081(8*&68&6+1.6

$.+#6&1(..68&6+1.&7+0$10$&086+$>10&6190%8*&148+$%+7$I811#8+07+0).&/&796&

1(6&8+0.68&6+1.6$.+#6&L^e*+7/&796&;779+8#.&(16$1/46+7101(%+((&6&08&=&7I +0%&4&0%&081(8*&09/#&60%#60$*+0)488&601(8*&6&8+0.68&6+&7L*&-&=+779&+0 8*+7461$&%96&;781&78#.+7*8*&6&.8+107*+4#&8;&&08*&$.+#6&1(8*&46&088690- 68&6+1.&818*&$.+#6&1(+878;1#60$*&7L^f*&79//6=/&796&;7$..&%8*&$&086.

6&8+0.68&6=&59+:.&08UV0%8*&;16%P&59+:.&08Q;7$*17&081&/4*7+>&8*8 8*&/&796&;7%&6+:&%(61/6&8+0.68&6+1.&70%8*848*1.1)=((&$8+0)8*+7/&796&

;19.%0180&$&776+.=$166&7410%81.8&68+10+08*&869&$.+#6&1(8*&$&086.6&8+0.

68&6=L0_ggg 9##6%&8.L%&6+:&%(16/9.(16:&09.&7I..1;+0)(168*&$166&7410%+0) :&09.679//6=/&796&I8*&$&086.6&8+0.:&+0&59+:.&08UVL^g 9##6%&8.L.71 7*1;&%8*88*&461$&%96&$19.%#&7+/4.+(+&%#=6#+866+.=$1/#+0)8*&.6)&780%8*&

7/..&78:&77&.78*619)*1988*&4+6+0).)16+8*/L^g

(18)

_b

0`^^a09%8710&8.L%&:&.14&%6&:+7&%(16/9.7(168*&6&.8+107*+4#&8;&&08*&$.+#6&

1(8*&46&088690-818*&$.+#6&1(+878;1#60$*&7^{_^}I#7&%100&/4+6+$..=%&6+:&%

#60$*+0)$1&((+$+&08K

60$*+0)1&((+$+&08UV lU_`k``VR^` U.9/I_g_gV U_V +:+0)K

(1668&6+1.&7l_L`fUgcjK_L`cI_La`V ⇒l^LffYU_`k``V^_R` U`V (16:&09.&7l_L__UgcjK_L^fI_L_bV⇒l^LgcYU_`k``V^_R` UaV FJ?2%"+00,5"00+ %>K?2%"5&!"00+ %>?2%".0"+20+ %>?2%""12&*2",#2%"

.0"+20+ %G

78*&79//6=/&796&7;&6&6&786+$8&%81/&796&/&08108*&7+<;+%&781(&$*:&77&.

8=4&I8*&/&8*1%+71(8&06&(&66&%8178*&P+)dQ/&8*1%L*+7/&8*1%$166&.8&7*+)*.=

;+8*8*&66S 9##6%/&8*1%I#98*78*&%:08)&1(#&+0)/16&61#978)+0788*&

:6+#+.+8=1(8*&09/#&61(:&77&.7L8+7&7+&681+/4.&/&08710.=8*&7+<;+%&78:&77&.7 6&+0$.9%&%I0%+7+0%&4&0%&081(7$.&0%/)0+(+$8+1078*&(16/9.7%1018+0$.9%&

$1078088&6/7L^{_^}

*&&8+0.0.=7+771(8;6&;7%&:&.14&%88*&90%97*181)64*&%+0)&08&6I 0+:&67+8=1(+7$107+0U%+710IIV(168*&789%=L^gI__*+771(8;6&I0%8*&

94%8&%:&67+10I4&6(16/77&/+S981/8&%$.+#6&/&796&/&087106&8+0.

4*181)64*7+0$10$&086+$6190%8*&148+$0&6:&*&%U10&V0%79//6+>&78*&

/&796&/&08770%U(+)96&aVL*&71(8;6&*7#&&097&%+07&:&6.

.6)&&4+%&/+1.1)+$789%+&7L8*&671(8;6&71.98+1076&.71:+.#.&L^_`

&8+0.0.=7+7R*7*+)*6&461%9$+#+.+8=;+8*)11%+08&6S0%+086S)6%&66&.+#+.+8=L^gI__

&79.87(61/8*&0%+:+%9.6+#+.+8=89%=7*1;&%*+)*6&4&8#+.+8=1()6%+0)1(+/)&7 +08*&7/&+0%+:+%9.7I+0+/)&7$4896&%_c/+098&70%a;&&-7(8&68*&16+)+0.

+/)&L^__&796&/&087106+)*80%.&(8&=&6&*+)*.=$166&.8&%L^__I_aI_b*&49.7&6&.8&%

:6+8+101(68&6+1.60%:&09.6$.+#6&+7aLcSbLaj0%aL_SbLfj6&74&$8+:&.=^_cI_d#98

$1086+#98&7.&7781/&796&/&08:6+8+108*08*&+08&6S+/)&:6+8+10L^_e*&6&(6$8+10 0%<+..&0)8*1(8*&&=&+/417&7/&796&/&08:6+8+108*619)*8*&/)0+(+$8+10&((&$8

(19)

_c

106&8+0.+/)&7#98+7*7#&&0%&/107868&%8*86&(6$8+10*701446&$+#.&&((&$810 8*&771$+8+10#&8;&&00%#.11%46&7796&L^_aI_f

&$30"L@ 3+!31&*$"1%,5&+$$0&! "+20"!,+2%",.2& +"04"%"!+!5&2%*"130"!

0"2&+)02"0&,)"1F0"!G+!4"+3)"1F)3"G=72%"31",#2%"1,#250"@))4"11")1 ,301&+$

2%0,3$%2%"0",#,+"D%)#2,,+"!&1 !&*"2"0#0,*2%",.2& !&1 *0$&+F,+"G0"20 "!

+!*"130"!72%"1,#250"+!=&#+""!"!= ,00" 2"!,0*,!&#&"!72%"$0!"0@)&0"1,#2%"

1&65&!"124"11")1,#" %27."0"13**0&8"!1 "+20)0"2&+)02"07"/3&4)"+2FG+!

"+20)0"2&+)4"&+"/3&4)"+2FG@*$"#0,*2%"0,*1-7"23!7@

68&6+1.&S81S:&09.&68+1UK68+11(8*&$.+#6&1(68&6+1.&781:&09.&7V;7461417&%#=

)&0&6&8.L7/6-&61()&0&6.+>&%68&6+1.60661;+0)L*&68+10.&#&*+0%8*+7;7 8*868&6+1.6$.+#6&;7$107+%&6&%&7+&68177&770")2&4"2,:&09.6$.+#6&I0%8*8 :&09.6$.+#6&;7$107+%&6&%81#&(+6.=$107808I+66&74&$8+:&.=1(#.11%46&7796&I)&

0%18*&6($8167L^c*97I6&%9$&%;19.%/+661668&6+1.60661;+0)L 1;&:&6I;+8*8*&

&:1.98+101(0&;*+)*S6&71.98+10+/)+0)0%71(8;6&77+78&%/&796&/&08811.71(

6&8+0.$.+#6&I+8#&$/&&:+%&088*8:&09.6$.+#6&;70188..8*8+0&68L^_g0`^^e+&;

&8.L7*1;&%8*8+0.+0&66&)6&77+10/1%&.7;+8*I0%7&<4.0816=

:6+#.&70%#.11%46&7796&0%;*+8&#.11%$&..$190877198$1/&:6+#.&7I/1%&.7;+8*

*%.1;&646&%+$8+:&41;&68*0/1%&.7;+8*+878;1$1/410&0870%

&08&6&%81)&8*&6L^{`^}

(20)

_d 3+7 "$!# $!# !!

6174&$8+:&%87*1;8*80661;&66&8+0.68&6+1.&70%;+%&66&8+0.:&09.&7/=#&

+0%&4&0%&0846&%+$81671($6%+1:7$9.6%+7&7&L

8+7;&..%1$9/&08&%8*8$*0)&+06&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&+7771$+8&%;+8*#18*$.+0+$.

0%79#S$.+0+$.7861-&0%8*&6&79.876&/178$107+78&08(16;+%&6:&09.6$.+#6&L^`_S`a 0.=7+71(411.&%%8(61/7+<789%+&7(190%8*8;+%&66&8+0.:&09.6$.+#6&;7

+0%&4&0%&08.=771$+8&%;+8*+0$+%&08(8.0%010(8.7861-&L^`_&8+0.:&09.6;+%&0+0)

*7.71#&&0771$+8&%;+8*S%&(+0&%;*+8&/88&6.&7+1070%.$906+0(6$8+10L^`bI`c

&8+0.68&6+1.60661;+0);7771$+8&%;+8*+0$+%&08.$906+0(6$8+10+010&789%=L^`b

*&6&+7.71)11%&:+%&0$&8*86&8+0.:&77&.$.+#6&$*0)&7/=+0%&4&0%&08.=46&%+$8 +7$*&/+$*&68%+7&7&L^``I`d0.=7+71(411.&%%8(61/7+<4149.8+10#7&%789%+&7(190%

8*86&8+0.68&6+1.60661;+0)0%:&09.6;+%&0+0);&6&771$+8&%;+8*+0$+%&08 +7$*&/+$*&68%+7&7&+0;1/&0#98018+0/&0L^`d*+76&79.8+0%+$8&78*8/+$61:7$9.6 48*1.1)=+71()6&8&6+/41680$&+0%&:&.14/&081(+7$*&/+$*&68%+7&7&+0;1/&08*0 +0/&0L

0.=7+71(411.&%%8(61/8;14149.8+10#7&%789%+&7(190%8*86&8+0.68&6+1.6 0661;+0)0%:&09.6;+%&0+0);&6&771$+8&%;+8*$6%+1:7$9.6/168.+8=+04&67107

=190)&68*0e^=&67L^`e18*7/..&668&6+1.6$.+#6&0%;+%&6:&09.6$.+#6&;&6&

+0%&4&0%&0846&%+$81671(/168.+8=(61/+7$*&/+$*&68%+7&7&I;*+.&7861-&S/168.+8=;7 +0%&4&0%&08.=46&%+$8&%#=;+%&6:&09.6$.+#6&L

89%=+0)8*&6&8+0.:&77&.7/=$1086+#98&818*&90%&6780%+0)1(8*&48*1.1)+$.

461$&77&7+0$6%+1:7$9.6%+7&7&L968*&6/16&I+8+74177+#.&8*8&:.98+101(8*&6&8+0.

:&77&.7/=*:&(9896&61.&+0$6%+1:7$9.67$6&&0+0)0%6+7-7868+(+$8+10L 3+8 "$!# " " $!# !" !

*&6&.8+107*+4#&8;&&0&78#.+7*&%$6%+1:7$9.66+7-($81670%6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&

*7#&&0+0:&78+)8&%+0&4+%&/+1.1)+$789%+&7+09614&II9786.+0%7+I#98018+0 )&0&6.4149.8+10+016%+$$19086=L

17846&:+19749#.+$8+107108*+7814+$*%$6177S7&$8+10.%&7+)0L^``79//6=1(6&79.87 (61/8*&(1..1;+0)4149.8+10#7&%$6177S7&$8+10.789%+&76&7*1;0+0#.&_:

(21)

_e

8*&617$.&617+7+7-+01//90+8+&789%=UVI8*&188&6%/789%=I8*&9.8+S8*0+$

89%=1(8*&617$.&617+7UVI+0)416&.==&89%=U+VI6%+1:7$9.6 &.8*

89%=U VI.9&1908+0=&89%=UVI&:&6/=&89%=UV0%8*&

90)8789%=L968*&66&+0$.9%&%6&79.87(61/8*&$*+.%6&0$1*168+0+0)416&89%=1(

8*&+7-$8167(16=14+UVL&79.87(61/44&6_+08*+78*&7+76&+0$.9%&%+08*&

8#.&81($+.+88&$1/46+710L

.11%46&7796&*7#&&0+0:&78+)8&%+0..8*&%9.84149.8+1070%+7$107+78&08.=

0&)8+:&.=771$+8&%;+8*L^_gI`fSab*&&((&$81(#.11%46&7796&10:&09.6$.+#6&7&&/7 81#&7/..&6I;+8**+)*&6#.11%46&7796&#&+0)7+)0+(+$08.=771$+8&%;+8*7/..&6+0 71/&789%+&7I;*+.&+07+)0+(+$08+018*&67L*&789%=%&/107868&%8*88*&

771$+8+10#&8;&&0#.11%46&7796&0%$*0)&%%+6&$8+1081417+8+:&;+8*%,978/&08 (168*&(&..1;:&77&.&59+:.&08LU+L&LVL^`f

968*&6I7/..&6+7+0%&4&0%&08.=46&%+$8+0)+0$+%&08*=4&68&07+10I.71;*&0

$$1908&%(16#7&.+0&#.11%46&7796&L^acSaf*&18*&6;=6190%I%&/107868&%8*8

#7&.+0&#.11%46&7796&;7771$+8&%;+8*8*+00&668&6+1.&78(1..1;94I+0%&4&0%&081(

18*&6$6%+1:7$9.66+7-($8167I.71;*&0$$1908&%(16#.11%46&7796&8(1..1;94L^ag )&*7$107+78&08.=#&&00&)8+:&.=771$+8&%;+8*#18*0%L`fSa`IabIb^

966&087/1-+0)*7#&&0$107+78&08.=771$+8&%;+8*;+%&60%I_gI`fSa_Ib^;+8*

78610)&6&((&$87(16$966&087/1-+0)8*0(1646&:+197L^{`fIb^}&79.87(61/8*&789%=

%&/107868&%8*88*&771$+8+10#&8;&&07/1-+0)0%.1788*&788+78+$.

7+)0+(+$0$&;+8*%,978/&08(16:&09.6$.+#6&L^`f08*&+8;7%&/107868&%8*8 7/1-&67;&6&/16&.+-&.=81*:&6&.8+:&.=.6)&$*0)&7+0+0&+8*&6%+6&$8+10%96+0) c=&6(1..1;94I+L&L#18*:&09.60661;+0)0%;+%&0+0)Uo_(61/8*&/&0%+((&6&0$&

%96+0)c=&67VL^{b^}

*7$107+78&08.=#&&0771$+8&%;+8*;+%&6;*+.&8*&771$+8+10;+8**7

#&&0+07+)0+(+$08+0/178789%+&7L^{`fSa_Ib^} 08*&188&6%/789%=10.=)&0%7&<%,978&%

0.=7&7;&6&46&7&08&%0%8*&6&79.87%+((&6(61/8*&18*&6789%+&7I;*+$*/=+0%+$8&

8*88*&771$+8+10;+8*6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&+7$10(190%&%#=18*&66+7-($8167L^_g

(22)

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

2-$$ % %(# '$&##$%#$#%'$&##$" "&% $$%&$- %&*+$)$%# 2

(23)

_g

08*&8*&=(190%8*8;+%&6:&09.6$.+#6&;7771$+8&%;+8*+0$+%&081#&7+8=

U%&(+0&%7na^-)R/^`V(8&6c=&67I;*+.&8*&771$+8+10;788&098&%81010S 7+)0+(+$08;+8*%,978/&08(16#7&.+0&L968*&68*&=7*1;&%8*8;+%&6:&09.6$.+#6&

;7771$+8&%;+8*7+)0+(+$08;&+)*8)+0c=&67.8&6U%&(+0&%7+0$6&7&1(ob 90+87VI8*&7&0.=7&7;&6&018%,978&%(16#7&.+0&I;*+$*4177+#.=/=*:&

$10(190%&%8*&6&79.87L;7018771$+8&%;+8*+0$+%&081#&7+8=16;&+)*8)+0+00=

1(8*&0.=7&7L

+)*0%.1; $*1.&78&61.*7#&&0771$+8&%;+8*;+%&6+071/&789%+&7I

;*+.&0187$107+78&08.=7;+8*/0=1(8*&18*&66+7-($8167I0%$*1.&78&61.7&&/7 01881#&771$+8&%;+8*L_gI`fSa_Ib^Ib`Iba968*&6I818.$*1.&78&61.;7+0:&78+)8&%+0 (196789%+&70%&<$&48(16417+8+:&771$+8+107;+8*+0 U90%,978&%0.=7&7VI 818.$*1.&78&61.;70187+)0+(+$08.=771$+8&%;+8*16L_gI`gIa_Ib`

#_$;777&77&%+08;1789%+&710.=0%;7417+8+:&.=771$+8&%;+8*I;*+.&010S 7+)0+(+$08;+8*+0#18*L^`gIb_*&771$+8+10#&8;&&046/&8&676&.8&%81%+#&8&7 0%6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&+7$1/4.&<I7+8+7%&4&0%&081(/9.8+4.&($81677%968+101(

%+#&8&7I#.11%79)6$10861.0%46&7&0$&0%)6%&1(6&8+0148*=I;*+$*6&($81678*8 6&+08&6S$100&$8&%L*&6&+7)11%&:+%&0$&8*87&:&6+8=1(%+#&8+$6&8+0148*=+7417+8+:&.=

771$+8&%;+8*L^{b_IbeSc^}6&:.&08%+#&8&7*7#&&0771$+8&%;+8*+0$6&7&%+0 7&:&6.789%+&7^b_IbeIbf;*+.&018+0..I^a_0%/=.71#&%&4&0%&081(46&7&0$&0%7&:&6+8=

1(6&8+0148*=L^c_*&188&6%/789%=(190%8*8;+%&6:&09.&7;&6&+0%&4&0%&08 46&%+$81671(+0$+%&08+/4+6&%).9$17&81.&60$&L^c`

0$*+.%6&0$1*1688*&6&;701%+((&6&0$&+00%#&8;&&0#1=70%)+6.7L^bb0

%9.87I/.&7&<*759+8&$107+78&08.=#&&0771$+8&%;+8*8*+00&6;*+.&8*&6&7&&/7 81#&01%+((&6&0$&+0#&8;&&0/&00%;1/&0L^{`gSa_Ib^}

&<%+((&6&0$&7+08*&771$+8+10#&8;&&010&16/16&$6%+1:7$9.66+7-($8160%6&8+0.

:7$9.6$.+#6&*:&#&&0&:.98&%+0(+:&1(8*&0+0&789%+&7L08*&+8*&=(190%8*8 8*&771$+8+10#&8;&&0#.11%46&7796&0%0661;&668&6+1.&7;778610)&6+0/&08*0+0

;1/&0I;*+.&8*&=6&4168&%0118*&67&<S+08&6$8+10+0*1;$6%+1:7$9.66+7-($8167;&6&

771$+8&%;+8*6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&L^`g*&789%=6&7&6$*&676&4168&%P71/&7&<

(24)

`^

%+((&6&0$&7I468+$9.6.=;+8**+)*S%&07+8=.+414618&+0$*1.&78&61..&:&.I&0%18*&.+.

%=7(90$8+10/6-&67I0%$966&08.$1*1.$1079/48+10QI;*+.&6&79.87;&6&01874&$+(+&%L^`f 00%8*&=%+%018(+0%7&<S%+((&6&0$&7+08*&771$+8+10#&8;&&0)&0%

#.11%46&7796&:&67976&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&L^aaIab08*&=%+%018(+0%7&<S%+((&6&0$&7 +08*&771$+8+10#&8;&&00%;+%&6:&09.6$.+#6&+0$*+.%6&0L^bc

3+9 .!! !" $!# !!

0_gf_9..+:0.90$*&%8*&*=418*&7+78*8+610+7+0:1.:&%+08*&48*1)&0&7+71(

8*&617$.&617+70%8*8$*610+$+610%&4.&8+10+0/&078698+0);1/&0$19.%$1086+#98&81 8*&6&%9$&%6+7-1($6%+1:7$9.6%+7&7&+046&S/&01497.;1/&0L^ca

610+7&77&08+.(168*&/&8#1.+7/+0..$&..7L8+78+)*8.=6&)9.8&%+08*&#1%=7(6&&+610 +071.9#.&(16/+79078#.&0%8&0%7816&$8;+8*1<=)&081(16/81<+$(6&&6%+$.7L#198 dcj1(+610+7#190%81*&/1).1#+0I_^j+7$1078+89&081(/=1).1#+0I$=81$*61/&70%

+610S$108+0+0)&0>=/&7I0%`cj+7#190%818*&+6107816)&4618&+07U(&66+8+00%

*&/17+%&6+0VL^cb#71648+101(+610+08*&%91%&09/+7$.17&.=6&)9.8&%81/+08+0

*1/&1787+77+610.1771$$96710.=477+:&.=#=#.11%.177I7;&80%.1771($&..7(61/8*&

+08&78+0&I7-+00%96+0&L^cc04.7/I+610+7#190%818*&).=$14618&+08607(&66+0L*&

7=78&/+$6&)9.8+101(:+.#.&+610+78*619)*8*&*16/10&*&4$+%+0I7&$6&8&%#=8*&.+:&6L &48+$+0+0*+#+87+610S860741681981(8*&$&..7I8*619)*%&)6%8+101(8*&+610&<4168&6 (&6614168+0L^cd<$&77+610+746+/6+.=7816&%+08*&.+:&60%6&8+$9.1&0%18*&.+.

/$614*)&7L&69/(&66+8+0+797&(9./&796&1(+6107816)&;*+.&+87(90$8+100%7196$&

6&/+0781#&%&(+0&%L^ccIce

8*7#&&0*=418*&7+>&%8*8+610+0$&68+0$10%+8+107/=#&48*1.1)+$..=.+#&68&%+00

$8+:&01<+197(16/I;*+$*$0+0%9$&1<+%8+:&%/)&0%1<+%8+101(8*&461S 8*&61)&0+$($816$*1.&78&61.L^cfSd_0+/.789%+&7*:&7*1;08*8+6101:&6.1%+7 771$+8&%;+8*1<+%8+:&786&770%8*&617$.&617+7L^d`Ida0*9/07I7&69/(&66+8+0.&:&.*7

#&&0%&/107868&%81#&%+6&$8.=$166&.8&%811<+%08%/)&1(8*&617$.&618+$4.59&7L^db 0#.11%%10167I*+)*(6&59&0$=%108+10;7771$+8&%;+8*&0*0$&%:7$9.6(90$8+10 U(.1;S/&%+8&%:71%+.88+10V$1/46&%81.1;(6&59&0$=%108+10L^dc 1;&:&6I

&4+%&/+1.1)+$(+0%+0)7*:&#&&0$10(.+$8+0)+0;*&8*&6+61078897+7$166&.8&%81+0$+%&08

$6%+1:7$9.6%+7&7&0%/168.+8=U#.&`VL^ddSfa

(25)

`_

4+ ! !""#!" ! $!# !!)"!

"#! ""'* !"$#"!!"#!+

&!#

( ,

% %#

"

#"

/"0 " !+

!"+

,

"

55 `df` / b`Sd^ c ; 07

"⁵⁶ `^ad /R; `cSeb fLc 07

57 eabd / b^Scg gLc ;

&)"⁵⁸ fcc /R; b^Seg c 16 ; )&)^6/ _abb _/R; _dck _{_a} 07

#((&!⁶⁰ d^R__`^# /R; nlcc S 07^$

--⁶¹ gg_e /R; acSd^ eLc 07

&#!',⁶² dcb_ / `^Sbg `^ ;

&"⁶³ agd /R; eck cSd 07

64 `b`Rbfa^# ; d^UdLcV g 07

"!&⁶⁵ `feb /R; a^Se^ _^ I 07

I I 07

^bc_f ^/R; ^bcSeb ^_bLd

I

- 07

67 _d^b /R; bcSeb _`S_d I 07

. ⁶⁸ _^e_b /R; `cSeb ;

7/ _``cf /R; nl`^ _`S_f 07 07

70 cdgc /R; nc^ _`S_f I 07 -

. ⁷¹ bc_cg /R; beSf^ `S_f ;

((+$1⁷² &8S0.=7+71(d789%+&7 `LfS_^ 8=4&` ;

%"2&'20'%"&%%"&'(%'#"1 0!# #"1 '0!'#%'10('!,#% "%'#"1 0

&!%'&&10%#)&( %&&10 (&!#%' ',10%#)&( %

!#%' ',10'&! '(&1 0(#$#&! %'&&&'#%'(,4" "51 0 &" %''(,4" "51 0%'&#" %''(,1%("0%("'(,4' ,51 (%(0(%(&'(,4" "51#''%!0#''%!'(,4'% "&51 0'#" '"

('%'#"+!"'#"(%),# #*3($'(,451 0 $!# ## #*3($'(, 451220$$ !"''#""'!"&'"-%(+"'#,"'&4%"51%#!&.0%#!&.

'(,4#%*,51 0(%&& ''(,4510#"'#%"#%"&"'%!""'&"

%#)&( %&&10#$"""% #$( '#"'(,4"!%51 0#$""', %''(,4"!%51

5%%%&( '&%)"&903""&0*%9"#'&"%&%&03%(%&""&"#"3

&""'&&#'#"25&'#%!'&3#"'%# &'(,2 5%&""'94$:6267852

6&$&084149.8+10#7&%$6177S7&$8+10.789%=7*1;&%8*8*+)*&6.&:&.1(*&/1).1#+0;7 771$+8&%;+8*;+%&66&8+0.68&6+1.&70%:&09.&7+0%&4&0%&081(18*&6$6%+1:7$9.66+7- ($8167L^fb61417&%/&$*0+7/7;&6&#.11%:+7$17+8=0%7=78&/+$($81676&.8&%81

1<=)&08+10I&L)L.90)%+7&7&0%7/1-+0)L610#1%=7816&+7$166&.8&%81.&:&.1(

(26)

``

*&/1).1#+00%/=4177+#.=#&0%%+8+10.48*;=90%&6.=+0)8*&$166&.8+10#&8;&&0 6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&0%.&:&.1(*&/1).1#+0L7(67;&-01;8*&6&6&0146&:+197 49#.+$8+107108*&6&.8+107*+4#&8;&&08*&.&:&.1(+610#1%=7816&70%/+$61:7$9.6

$.+#6&L

3+: " #""""

*&6&+7)11%&:+%&0$&8*8.+)*878+/9.8+10+7/1%9.8161(6&8+0.#.11%(.1;L^fc+779&

4&6(97+10%&4&0%7104&6(97+1046&7796&0%8*&818.4&6+4*&6.6&7+780$&81#.11%(.1;L 08*&&=&8*&4&6(97+1046&7796&+7%&8&6/+0&%#=7=78&/+$#.11%46&7796&0%+0861$9.6 46&7796&L^fd*&4&6+4*&6.6&7+780$&%&4&0%71059.+8+&71(8*&#.11%&L)L:+7$17+8=I:&77&.

.&0)8*I:&77&.#60$*+0)488&600%818.:7$9.6$4$+8=I8*&.88&6;*+$*+76&.8&%818*&

7596&1(8*&:7$9.6$.+#6&;*+$*+76&)9.8&%+08*&/+$61$+6$9.8+10L^feIff

*&+00&66&8+0U81;6%78*&6&8+0.796($&V+77944.+&%#=8*&6&8+0.:&77&.7I;*+.&8*&

198&66&8+0U4*1816&$&48167V*7%9.7944.=;+8*%+((97+10(61/#18*8*&6&8+0.0%8*&

$*161+%.$+6$9.8+10L.8*19)*8*&6&8+0.4*1816&$&481676&/16&/&8#1.+$..=$8+:&+0

%6-8*0+0.+)*8$10%+8+107+8+7018;&..90%&67811%*1;$*0)+0).+)*8$10%+8+107((&$8 6&8+0.#.11%(.1;L^feIfgSg`+8&6896&%86&7$6$&0%8*&(&;789%+&78*8*:&#&&0

$10%9$8&%106&8+0.:&77&.77*1;446&08.=$1086%+$816=(+0%+0)7L^gaSgf*+7/=468.=#&

6&.8&%81/&8*1%1.1)=I764+%$*0)&7+0#.11%(.1;%9&81$*0)&7+0.+)*8&<41796&7+7

$*..&0)+0)L+)*8&<41796&(1..1;+0)%6-%488+107&&/781+0%9$&64+%8607+&08 +0$6&7&+08*&6&8+0.#.11%(.1;:&.1$+8=I6&$*+0)4&-:.9&8a^Sd^7&$10%7L^gc*&

789%+&71(&-&&8.L^gf0%+:&8.L^ge%&/107868&%+0$6&7&%(.1;:&.1$+8=+06&8+0.

:&77&.7+0%6-I;*+.&+:&8.L^gc$19.%0186&461%9$&8*+76&79.8;+8*+0(66&%.7&6144.&6L 741+08&%198#=8*&98*167I8*&&6.+&66&79.87$19.%*:&#&&0((&$8&%#=8*&&((&$81(

%+$"1(.+)*878*&(16/&68&$*0+59&6&59+6&%.+)*8;*&0/&796+0)L;118*&6789%+&7

*:&%&/107868&%+0$6&7&%(.1;:&.1$+8=+08*&$&086.6&8+0.68&6=+0%6-I#=97+0) 144.&69.867190%L^gaIgd*+78&$*0+59&+7;&..79+8&%(16%6-S/&796&/&087I;*+.&.+)*8S /&796&/&087;&6&4&6(16/&%10$.17&%&=&7(8&6.+)*8&<41796&L.+$-&6.+)*878+/9.8+10 +0%9$&7+0$6&7&%:&09.60%68&6+1.6%+/&8&60%8*&&((&$8+76&%9$&%;+8*7/1-+0)I

*=4&6).=$&/+I&77&08+.7=78&/+$*=4&68&07+100%%+#&8&7L^{ggS_^b}968*&6I8*&1<=)&0 78968+10+08*&6&8+0.68&6+1.&70%:&09.&7*7#&&0%&/107868&%81#&*+)*&6+0%6- 8*0+0.+)*8;*+.&8*&4*=7+1.1)+$/&$*0+7/7#&*+0%8*+7(+0%+0)+7018-01;0L^{_^c}

(27)

`a

*&$.+#6&/&796&/&0876&4&6(16/&%1078+..+/)&7I0%6&8+0.4*181)64*=+7 79+8#.&(16$.+0+$.0%&4+%&/+1.1)+$.789%+&778*&8&$*0+59&1(+/)&$4896+0)+7010S +0:7+:&0%$/&676&&7+.=$$&77+#.&0%&7=8197&L

+)*8&<41796&46+1681+/)+0)/=:6=$$16%+0)8168+(+$+.0%0896.611/

+..9/+08+10L&;789%+&7*:&+0:&78+)8&%*1;.+)*8((&$878*&6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&L

&-&&8.LU_gfaV(190%068&6+.%+.88+101(`SajU77&77&%+08*6&&79#,&$87V0%

:&0197%+.88+101(dSfjU77&77&%+010&79#,&$8V+0%6-0%+:&8.LU_gfaV(190%

:&0197%+.88+101(cSfjU77&77&%+08*6&&79#,&$87V+0%6-L^geIgf10866=I6$7=&8L.L (190%(+086&8+0.:&09.6$10786+$8+10+0%6-I;+8*97&1(0+0(66&%+..9/+08+10 8&$*0+59&L^gb

/&6797&%(166&8+0.4*181)64*=$1//10.=97&.+)*8+08*&:+79.74&$869/(168*&

+/)+0)8&$*0+59&0%+0$.9%&7&:&6.&<41796&7;+8*(.7*+..9/+08+1081$4896&%+((&6&08 (+&.%71(8*&6&8+0L&%+%018(+0%0=46&:+197;16-&<4.16+0);*&8*&66&8+0.:7$9.6

$.+#6&+7((&$8&%#=7&59&08+.+/)&$4896+0)L

(28)

`b

. !""!!

- 1+0:&78+)8&8*&6&.8+107*+4#&8;&&08*&86%+8+10.$6%+1:7$9.66+7-($81670%

6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&7+0;1/&00%/&0L

- 1+0:&78+)8&;*&8*&6/&796&71(+6107816&70%*&/1).1#+06&6&.8&%816&8+0.

:7$9.6$.+#6&+0;1/&00%/&0L

- 1+0:&78+)8&;*&8*&66&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&/&796&/&08710148+$.6&8+0.

4*181)64*=6&((&$8&%#=.+)*80%%6-&<41796&46+16814*181)64*=0%;*&8*&6 8*&6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&7$*0)&%96+0)0+/)+0)7&59&0$&1(7&:&6.+/)&7L

(29)

58

"$ $#$#$%#%$#$##'" "$ $#$9^$#%"&)

$ %$#"#$%)/ "450$)&%$"#/ "60,

"#$%)# %$#%$ %" #$$%#$%)"$

% $)"#*"')*#$"$4<:7,(#%"&)#&""%$#"*

""""$#"#4.9/"#4+4<:7*"#5+4<:<.;3*"#6+4<;9.;:*

"#7+4<<7.<8*"#8+5334.35*"#9+533:.3;0,"#7.9&##$

$'&#$#*'"&#$5%#($($#$#%# ,

#$%)#$"$"#$$$"# #"$

"$#$$$#"#, $$#"$$"%$ %$

#$")"')* "##"&$),#$%) %$###$

$'*( $""#4''#"#$"$$, "$ $

"$#&/@:8?"#4.80*%$$'##'$'""#9/99?0,

#$%)"#$$$$#$"$## "&)$

$ # $"$"')$$"$#"

$#,""#7'"#* "$ $#'"#$#'"$$"

#$"$ ""$$($#,"$ $#"$$"$$'$"'$

#$$$"#$,

$$73384#%$#&$$$#$$#%"&)#*" $

#%"$#"&$"$)$,⁴³⁹# #"#%"&)

# #"$6^"#%"&)'"#"#$", %$#

'% '$"#$"$$)""$*#$"*$"

"$*$#*".&"$""$%"#,&"&'$$$

$#%"&)#&$'.#$

$$ +--$"#%"##,%$,-$"#-,%"$""$%$$"##$%)*

%"$$#*#$"#!%#$"#"#$%)*#&

$''',$"#%"##,,"$$#""#89"

%$ (,

(30)

`d

*&61/73=&89%=;7+0$.9%&%779#789%=1(8*&61/7389%=(168*&(+6788+/&+0 61/73dL*&&=&&</+08+107+0$.9%&%+0(16/8+10107&.(S6&4168&%&=&%+7&7&7I6&8+0.

4*181)64*=I148+$.$1*&6&0$&81/1)64*=UV0%77&77/&0871(:+79.$9+8=0%

6&(6$8+10&66167L^{_^e}0%%+8+1081/&796&/&0871(6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&7I8*&6&8+0.

4*1817*:&#&&0)6%&%(16%+#&8+$6&8+0148*=0%)&S6&.8&%/$9.6%&)&0&68+10L^{_^eS}

_^g

2-0-0 #$) (#"

&$30"M@ ),5 %02&))31202&+$2%".02& &.2&,+&+0"2&+).%,2,$0.%7+!0"2&+)41 3)0

*"130"*"+21&+2%"0,*1-7"23!7KIIPDKIIQ@

*&&.+)+#.&4149.8+10(16:+7+8_+061/73d;7KU_V..6&7+%&087+061/73)&%b^Sb`16 d^Sfe=&67U0l_`cefVIU`V_^j60%1/7/4.&1(+0%+:+%9.7)&%a^Sag=&67U0l_^cdVI UaVb^j60%1/7/4.&1(+0%+:+%9.7)&%baScg=&67U0lcefeVIUbV79#,&$87;*1*%

88&0%&%8*&:+7+8`U&<8&0%&%&</+08+107V1(61/73bI+(018.6&%=+0$.9%&%+08*&

8*6&&)61947#1:&U0lab_VL818.1(_ged`;&6&+0:+8&%1(;*1/_`gfbUdcLejV88&0%&%

U+)96&bVL

(31)

`e

*&&.+)+#.&4149.8+10(16:+7+8`+061/73d;7KU+V..79#,&$87&.+)+#.&(16:+7+8_)&%c^S d`=&6716)&%ecSfb=&67U0ledceVIU++V`^j60%1/7/4.&1(/&00%;1/&0)&%

daSeb=&67U0lgb`VIU+++V79#,&$87I+(018.6&%=+0$.9%&%+08*&8;1)61947#1:&I;*1*%

88&0%&%:+7+8`1(61/73bU0l`ffcVL*&789%=7/4.&(16:+7+8`;746&%&(+0&%#&(16&

8*&789%=78680%+0$.9%&%__bfb79#,&$87I;*&6&egcf;&6&$89..=+0:+8&%710.=

468+$+40878*888&0%&%:+7+8_;&6&+0:+8&%81:+7+8`L^{__^}818.1(ea^e88&0%&%:+7+8`

Ug_Lfj1(8*&+0:+8&%VI0%+08*&&.+)+#.&4149.8+10U(16:+7+8`V8*&1:&6..88&0%0$&68&

;7daLdjL

+)96&b7*1;78*&468+$+48+10+06&8+0.4*181)64*=0%6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&

/&796&/&087+061/73dR61/73=&89%=L*&6&;&6&dcb^468+$+4087;+8*6&8+0.

4*18171(8.&7810&&=&L168*&+/)&781#&$107+%&6&%7)6%#.&I8.&78(196:&77&.7 1(&$*8=4&U68&6+1.&70%:&09.&7V7*19.%#&86$&#.&L16+/)&781#&$107+%&6&%7 97#.&I8*&=7*19.%#&)6%#.&0%7+<:&77&.71(&$*8=4&7*19.%#&86$&#.&I+0$.9%+0) ..8*&7+<;+%&78:&77&.71(&$*8=4&L&&<$.9%&%_da468+$+4087;+8*0197#.&)6%+0) +0&+8*&6&=&0%`a468+$+4087;+8*$10(190%+0)6&8+0.48*1.1)=L0&468+$+408*7

;+8*%6;08*&+0(16/&%$107&08U46L_bL^cL`^_`VL*+76&79.8&%+0daca79#,&$87&.+)+#.&(16 8*&0.=7&7106&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&L9&81/+77+0):.9&7+010&16/16&1(8*&:6+#.&7 +08*&/9.8+:6+#.&/1%&.7U0l_geVI8*&(+0.09/#&61(468+$+4087+0$.9%&%+08*&

6&)6&77+100.=7&7+044&6_;7d_cdL

044&6`;&+0$.9%&%..468+$+4087+061/73d;+8*6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&

/&796&/&08710)11%59.+8=6&8+0.4*18170%;*188&0%&%61/73cI0%;*1;&6&

010S46&)008+0#18*796:&=7L(8*&daca4&67107;+8*6&8+0.:7$9.6/&796&/&087I aa^g468+$+48&%+061/73cL&&<$.9%&%8*17&;+8*)6%+0)10+/)&71(411659.+8=

U0la_aV0%8*17&;*1;&6&46&)008+0&+8*&661/73c1661/73dU0laVI.&:+0)`gga 79#,&$87U_f_g;1/&00%__eb/&0V81#&+0$.9%&%+08*+7789%=L

2-0-1 &(#""&(" $#(#&$+

&(6$8+10;7/&796&%10#18*&=&7;+8*+%&-dd^9816&(6$816U+%&-LILI /)16+I40VL4*&6+$.&59+:.&086&(6$8+10;7$.$9.8&%774*&6+$.41;&64.97*.(

8*&$=.+0%6+$.41;&6+0%+1486&7L=%6+7+7;71#8+0&%#=44.+$8+101(10&%6141(

8614+$/+%&^LcjU614+$/+%&I*9:+0*6/$&98+$.78%L+0)7810410*/&7I

(32)

`f

966&=I0).0%V+0#18*&=&7L..468+$+4087;&6&+0(16/&%#1988*&&((&$870%418&08+.

6+7-1(494+.%+.88+100%)+:&08*&14416890+8=81;+8*%6;(61/&=&&</+08+1046+1681 44.+$8+101(8614+$/+%&0%78+..468+$+48&+08*&6&781(8*&796:&=L+:&(+&.%bc%&)6&&

6&8+0.$1.1964*181)64*7;+8*6&71.98+10`_gd<_gcf4+<&.7;&6&8-&010#18*&=&7;+8*

+79$/U6.&+77&%+8&$I&0I&6/0=V%+)+8.6&8+0.$/&6I;+8*8*&%+7$S

$&086&%+/)&8-&078*&7&$10%+/)&10&$*&=&L 2-0-2 (" *') & &!')&!"('

&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&7;&6&/&796&%$1/498&6S77+78&%108*&%+7$S$&086&%+/)&7;+8*

71(8;6&I8*&94%8&%:&67+101(&8+0.0.=7+7U90%97&%+0)&08&6I0+:&67+8=1(

+7$107+0I%+710IVU+)96&aVL*&46181$1.(16)6%&6S+08&6$8+10108*&981/8&%

/&796&7;7+0$$16%0$&;+8*46&:+197.=:.+%8&%46181$1.7^g;+8*/+016/1%+(+$8+107

$$16%+0)81&8+0.7$9.6/)+0)&086&U&8VI&086&(16=&&7&6$*9786.+I 0+:&67+8=1(&.#1960&U44&0%+<V*&+/)&$10:&67+10($816;7%&8&6/+0&%#7&%10 +/)&6&71.98+100%8*&6&4168&%:&6)&1(8*&148+$%+7$%+/&8&61(_f^^p/L6%+0) (168*&61/7389%=;74&6(16/&%#=*&6&7&:10 001U: VI86+0&%0%$&68+(+&%8

&8+046+.`^_^U44&0%+<V^I0%#=8*6&&$&68+(+&%)6%&6788*&7/&$&086&L6%&67

;&6&/7-&%(160=+0(16/8+10108*&79#,&$87L^{_^e}..:&77&.7$1967+0)8*619)*8*&6&1(

10&S*.(8110&%+7$%+/&8&6(61/8*&148+$%+7$/6)+0U10&V;&6&/&796&%1010&

&=&I46&(&6#.=8*&6+)*8&=&I0%8*&7+<#+))&781(&$*8=4&;&6&79//6+>&%78*&

$&086.6&8+0.68&6=&59+:.&08UV0%8*&$&086.6&8+0.:&+0&59+:.&08UVU+)96&

aVL^{_^}*&.&(8&=&;7/&796&%10.=+(8*&/&796&/&087(61/8*&6+)*8&=&;&6&018 97#.&L

2-0-3 &#*') &&'(#&!')&!"('" ##'!$ '

..&</+08+107;&6&4&6(16/&%#=86+0&%4&67100&.L.11%46&7796&;7/&796&%8*6&&

8+/&7810&S/+098&+08&6:.71010&6/(8&68;1/+098&71(7&8&%6&78+0);+8*8*&97&1(

0981/8+$%&:+$&U+0/4+8.+)0710+816I6+8+-10I/4IIVI0%;&97&%

8*&/&01(8*&.788;1/&796&/&087L044&6_;&$.$9.8&%*"+02"0&)),,!

.0"1130"UVI710&8*+6%1(8*&7=781.+$4.978;18*+6%71(8*&%+781.+$#.11%46&7796&L

&+)*80%*&+)*8;&6&/&796&%;&6+0).+)*8$.18*&70%;+8*1987*1&70%;7

$.$9.8&%7-+.1)6/74&67596&/&8&6L

(33)

`g

0.=7&71(#.11%7/4.&7;&6&4&6(16/&%88*&&468/&081(#16816=&%+$+0&88*&

0+:&67+8= 174+8.1(168*&6016;=L68+$+4087;&6&0186&59&78&%81(78L&69/

818.I0% $*1.&78&61.;&6&/&796&%#=780%6%&0>=/8+$/&8*1%7L.=$17=.8&%

*&/1).1#+0U #_$V;70.=7&%;+8*=&6`^^^U=&6I&:&6-97&0I&6/0=V+0 61/73c0%;+8*6+08U+1S%#16816+&70$LI &6$9.&7IIV+061/73dL 7;7/&796&%#=468+$.&S&0*0$&%+//901S896#+%+/&86+$77=(61/1$*&

U00*&+/I&6/0=VL

.11%7/4.&7(167S(&66+8+00%8607(&66+078968+10;&6&%6;0861/73c:+7+8_0%

7/4.&7(16*&/1).1#+00%*7+061/73c:+7+8`(&;;&&-7.8&6L&69/(160.=7&7 10(&66+8+0I+6100%8607(&66+0;77816&%8Se^?+0_`/108*7#&(16&0.=7&710 +8$*+g_e0.=>&6U1&*6+0)&6I0)&.*&+/I&6/0=VL610;7/&796&%#=8*&(&661>+0&

/&8*1%0%(&66+8+00%8607(&66+0;&6&/&796&%#=896#+%+/&86+$77=L00&((16881

*6/10+>&7S(&66+8+0.&:&.7;+8*+016;=88*&8+/&I8*&.#16816=97&%($8161(^Lf`(16 7S(&66+8+00.=7+7L^___607(&66+0;76&4168&%+0)R0%7&69/;7$.$9.8&%77S p/1.Rl`cL_<7S8607(&66+0L607(&66+078968+10UjV;7$.$9.8&%7_^^<U7&69/

+610RVL &/1).1#+0;7/&796&%;+8*0981/8&%#.11%$&..$1908&6U19.8&6 1908&6I&$-/019.8&6I0$LI6&IIV;+8*+0`b*1967L^__`

2-0-4 (&#!%)'(#""&'

0(16/8+10107/1-+0)I%+#&8&70%$6%+1:7$9.6%+7&7&;71#8+0&%(61/7&.(S

%/+0+78&6&%59&78+100+6&7L044&6_I%+.=7/1-+0);7$8&)16+>&%7$966&08I4780%

0&:&6I;*+.&+044&6`+8;7%+$*181/+7&%7$966&08I=&7R01L

2-0-5 (('( " +''

16..0.=7&7%19#.&S7+%&%4S:.9&7m^L^c;&6&$107+%&6&%788+78+$..=7+)0+(+$08L 044&6_0%`;&97&%/9.8+:6+#.&.+0&66&)6&77+100.=7&7U.&787596&76&)6&77+10V

;+8*6&8+0.:7$9.6$.+#6&7%&4&0%&08U198$1/&V:6+#.&0%$6%+1:7$9.66+7-($8167 7+/9.80&197.=U44&6_V0%(&66+8+0I8607(&66+078968+100%*&/1).1#+07&468&.=

U44&6`V7+0%&4&0%&08U&<41796&V:6+#.&7K