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International Council ror the Exploration of tho Soa

_ _ - l • 1~7;~/l":~38

Delllorsal 1.'ish(Northnrn) Committee

l\orwegian investigations on young cod, haddock and rodf'ish in the Darents Sea and adjacent llTators 1970-1972.

by

Arvid Hylen and Odd r,1.Smedstad^X)

IN11WDUCTTON

Abundance estimates of prerecruits are needed .for estimation of expected oatches in coming years. The reliability of these calculations are to some ex.tent ir).fluenced by the bi.as and variance of' the abundance os tima ^tHS o.f the roeruits. Groa t ef'.fort has therefore boon put rorth duri.ng the last years. to get better abundance estimates of prerecrui.ts"

The dis tri.bu t;ion and abundance of commercj .. al il11portan.t species at an age of six lIIonths havo been studied ove-ry year since '1965 in August/September in the l3arents Sea and adjacent waters

(Benko et al .. 1970, Anon. '1970~ , 1972 a, b) by acoustic techniques described by Dragesund and Olse11 (1965) and Dragesund et al"

(1~70). Data i'Tom the O-group surveys indieate that the abundance

x} Arvid Hylen arid Odd M~Smedstad,

Institute of Marin~ Research Box 2<)06

5011 Bergen, Nonvay

) 1// _(J ^/

i

I

- 2 -

of' cod and haddock year classes is determined at an age of' six months (Hylen and Dragesund 1970)0 However, other data indicate that the abundance of' the year classes is inf'luenced by diff'erent natural mortality during their first winter of' lif'e (Ponomarenko 1970). nIis necessitatesinvestigations on

the abundance of' the year classes during the:" whole prerecruits phase.

The Polar Institute in Murmansk has made bottom trawl surveys every year since 1946 f'rom October to April in the Barents Sea and adjacent waters. Hauls are made during the survey at

stations on standard sections (Baranenkova 1957). Great variation is observed in the abundance with age of' the same year classes.

Some of' this variation might be overcome by designing the ground- f'ish survey af'ter s tra tif'ied random sampling procedures. Surveys disigned according to these prinsiples have been tried with . success by Canada, US and USSH in the lves t-Atlantic (Grosslein 1969). A f'easibility study designed atter the same prinsiples has been tried at the Faroe Bank (Jones and Pope 1972).

Groundf'ish surveys represent much more ef'i'ort than echo surveys, The Marine Research Institute, Bergen has theref'ore been looking f'or a sui table time 0.1' the year to carry out an echo survey for estimating the abundance of prerecruits of cod, haddock and redf'ish in the Barents Sea mld adjacent waters. Some results of' three cruises made in 1970-'1972 are given in this report. A

more extensive, description of' the findings in 1970 and

1971

is given in papers by Hylen et ale, ('1972, a, b).

MA l'L"GIUAL AND MWfHODS

rilie surveys were carried out by R .. V. "G .. O.Sars" ill November

11)70, June

1971

and April-May

1972..

Survey routes and grid

( ) f trawl stations and hy<irograpllical stations are show.n in

Fig. 1.

TIle distribution of the different fish species was studied ^by means of acous t.i c recordings combined wi tll l'islling experiments

\.

"

- :l -

with both polagic and iJottOIll trawl. 'rho pola.gic trawl was a small meshed Engo1 tra\vl, and i'is.iling depth\"as controlled by means oi' a Simrad net sondo. l"or bottolil tra1lTli.nr, was used a small Gran.ton trm.,rl wi t11 the cod-end covered inside hy a nylon net with mesh size 14 11U1l. However, the trawl used in 1972 was a bit larger, and i t had an otter board 1I10unted above tile head- line. Trawl ing time a t e ach bo t tom trawl s ta t ions was ^{1 -}} hour in. 1970 and 1 hour in 1971 and 1972." The towing time wi t11 the Engel trawl varied 011. the cruises between 20 minutes and '1 hour.

n.v.

"G.O.Sars" was equipped with a Simract EK 38 kHz '.lcho sounder linked to

3

Simrad Echo Integrators (QM), each wi t11 bITo channels.

The channels were working in intervals i'rom 5-50, 50-100 etco down to 300 m during the 1970 and 1971 cruises, while the deepest channel was working from 250-400 or 450 ^In in 19720 The trallS- mitter of' the .EK sounder was set with a 10/1 power range, and the reciever amplif'ication was 20 logn- 20 db" Amplii'ication of' the integrator was varied between 30 and 40 db, and the level was set at

3.

Average integrator readings f'or each

5

nautical miles were plotted on charts. When more than one species were recorded on the same channel, the echo abundance ,,,,as divided between the species by judging the echo record or according to

the .f'requencies of' the species composi t:iol1 at the nearest trawl station.

'The biological material \.,ras worked out f'or eaoh of' the .3 subareas:

1. Norwegian coast area: South of' 73⁰N and west oi' the line

73°N27°E-70o~JOIN13°E.

2. Bear Jsland/Spitsbergen area: North of' 73⁰N and west of 27°E.

}. Marents Sea: ~ast of areas 1 and 2.

Fo\,- data were collected in tIle NorweGian coast area in November 1')70, and thoy wore therefore ex.cludod.

Ht;;SULTS

EY_1:~_~.JJ~ h a P.!.l.Y.

TiIO lnves tiea tod arert had. Uw samo gonoral J.'O<l. ture 0 C tel1lpera turn

- lj _

condition in 1971, 1972 (¥iCo 2) wld in July 1970 (Berge et al.

1970 ). However, the area seems to have been slightly coldor in June 1971 than observed during July ^1~.nO and April-May 1972.

Echo abundance

On the basi~; of data i'rom the survey in November

1970

i t was only possible to mark off the echo abundance of demersal species along the vessel's course (Ii'ig.

J

A)o However, for the other cruises echo abundance have been charted (!It'igo J B, C) ⁰ In

1972

the inte- grator values were all over higher than in

1971,

and the distri- bution area was wider. The higher consentration of demersal species in the branch of the North cape current which goes natheast towards Novaya Zemlja, ,,,,ere according to fishing, mostly due to the

1970

year class of cod. Cod, haddock and to some extent redfish and sai.the were responsible i'or the echo abundance in the Norwegian coast area both in

1971

and

1972.

North of' Bear Island and at Spitsbergen small redfish and to some extent cod and blue whiting gave some contribution to the echo abundance.

Tt was diff'icul t to discriminato be tween the different species on the basis of echo records. Cod was recorded as single fish, in dense schools, or only as a thickening of' the bottom line. Haddock was never recorded in schools, but th~ ocho records were of'ten

similar to those of cod. Hedfish was mainly recorded in a scattered layer, but dense concentrations wore observed o1'i' Spitsbergen.

Cod

About

2/3

of' the cod catches in November

1970

belonged to the 1970 year class. However, total catch at Spitsbergen was in- fluenced by t;,vo hauls wes t or Hornsund, which WHre dominated by

the 196J a.nd -, ~)(A yoar classes. Beside the 1970 yoar class, the 1969, 1 ;yGJ a.nd 1 ;,>64 \vero tllo mos t abundant year classes in t.he Doar Island aroa, and the 1964,

1967,

and

1969

year classes

mado some contrilJution to the catclws in tIle Haronts Sea (Tablp 1)., Cod were callI: h ~ wi t11 1)0 t tOIll trawl in all areas in ,June 1971, bu ^t i. t was allllos t cxcLu s.i. voly ropr(}SOI1 tod in polaeie catches fro.:1

- :5 -

the Norwegian coas t. Pe lae ie ca telws 'were dominated 1Jy tho 1969 and

1968

year classos. Bottom trawl catclJeR f'rom all areas

con tained the 196h year class (Table 1). Ho,."evcr, i t ,."as mos t abundant in those l'rolll the Norwegian coas t area. The y(~ar

classes

1965-1968

were almost lacking at Hear Island/Spitsbergon, but they were relatively abundant at the Norwegian coast. '111e 1969 year class ,."as rela t i vely abundant at Bear Island/Spi ts- bergen, but its preponderance was mainly due to one haul north of' Bear Island where about 800 spa el-mens of' this yf1ar class ,."ere caught. This year class was also abundant in the other areas too. Year class 1970 which was so abundant in November

1970

was almost lacking in the samples. I t was only caught in any numbers in the eastern part of' the Barents Sea.

Catch per hour trawling was higher in all areas in the April-May

1972

survey than for the other t,."oo For tlw investi.gated area as a whole

603

cod were caught per hour wi.th the bottom trawl and 9h per hour wi th the polagic tra,vl ⁰ Tho highest number per hour trawling was obtained with the bottom trawl a.l.ong the Norwegian coast, where 864 were caught. The corresponding figures for thH Barents Sea and Bear Tsland/Spitsbergen area were 601 and 376 respect'i.vily. Catch per hour tra\vling at the Norwegian coast wa.s, however, strongly influenced. by one haul at Fruholl1len, which gave about

2/3

of' tlJe cod eaught i.n the Norwegian coas t area. Like\~l.s(J, does one haul made west of the Goose Bank amount to about

6/7

or the cod caught in the Harents 'sea. If' theso hauls are oxcluded tho catch per hour trmvling

for the Norwegian coast and the'Baronts Sea wil1 be 16.5 and

1~9 respectivlly.

lloth pela.r,ic and bottom traw] catcl1es .from tho 13arents Sea and the I'\oar Isl<ul(i/Spitsbe~r.gen ar(-!a woro dOllll,nated by J year old and

you.nger cod, wllile 1II0st of the eod taken at the Norw(~gi[Ul coas t

waR more than 'J years. Only rew spc:)cirnens o£ tho 1971 yea.r cla~s

wore Ca\..ll~lJ t in Lhe survey area." The 11)']0 year class amounted in

1)72 to about IH),~ (If' tlw lltllllbei cauulit per hour trawling with the bottom travd, \-V'ldle tile 1')6~) and 1<)6H year classos amounted to about '}()';£ nacll. IInwov()(', i t should be IJIPnt.Lol1o(l tllat the

()

19<>8

year class was lIIainly caught in the Norwegian coast area.

(Table 1). Catch por hour iraW"linf~ 01.' tho mature year classes

in

1972

,v-ero to low, IJOCallSP the spaw.ners to some cxten t were ou tside the inves tiga ted area at tlla t tillle or tho year.

Haddock

The

1969

year class was the most abundant year class in November

1970

^(Table

2)"

This and the

1970

year class were almost the only ones represented in the catches .from the Bear Island/Spitsbergen area. Catches .from the Barents Sea were dominated by the

1969

and

1967

year classes. Relatively .few of' the

1970

year class were caught, and they l.v-ere all caught in the western pa:r't og the investigated area o

In June

1971

haddock was Illost abundant in the Barents Sea and in the Norwegian coas t; area where respectively

216

^and

107

^llUddock

lITere caugh t per hour trawling wi tll bot tom trawl, while 9 haddock were caught per hour at Gear Island/Spitsbergen (Table

2).

Corre-

sponding f'iguros for the pclagic trawl lv-ere 45, 2'''' and 0 respectivelyo Haddock older than 2 years, mos tly, the 196'7 and 1968 year classes, were almost exclusively caught at the Norwegian coast. Only J haddock older than 1{ years wern caug.ll t during the survey. The

'1969 year cl.:lSS ,,,as the mos t abundant year class in the catches

taken in the Norwegian coast area and at Bear Island/Spitsbergel1.", wbile the

1970

year class dominated the Barents Sea catches.

However, the preponderance 01' the 1')70 year cx-ss was due to one haul a t the Goose Bank where ahou t '1200 specimens or this year class were caught. Catcll'-'s 1'rolll the othor tra,.,l stations in the Uarents Sea showed a preponderance or the

1969

year class ..

Data .from the 1972 survey indicate that haddock was IIlOSt abundant in the Norwegian caafi t area where :31 :.Jiladdock were caught per hour trawling ",1 th tho bot toru trawl. Corresponding .figures f'or the

Ilarents Soa and Bear 15] and/Spi 1;5 boreen were ;237 and H) respec t i ve ly ..

'l1w haddock COllsen tra tions were domina tell by tho 1~)l;l) and

1970

year class/3s wId cll allloulI/;od to <lUOU t

50

^{and '}/4 per cen t of tbn}

to tal number eau{:lIl; respoe t:i voly. ()] der yoar elassos wore only reprosen tod I)y a Cow SpE:leilllons.

.

^..,

- I -

Hos t of the haddock LnJwn in the Nor\vegian coas t area and in the Barents Sea with the pelagic trawl wore 1 year old fish, ~lile

tlw 2 year olds dominated a. t noar Island/Spi tshergen. However, few haddock were caught in tho Bear Tsland/Spitsbergen area.

Redfish

Red.fish more than 1 L~ cm were grouped in Sebas tes iI1arinus and

Sebastes fllentel1a.J.. while fish less than 14 cm 'vere kept together.

The year classes

1970

and

1969

dominated the catches in Novemuer

1970

from the Bear Island and Spitsbergcn areas. The

1969

year class was mainly round within tho same area where i t was :found as O-group (Anon.

1970),

while the

1970

year cl as 1:-: had drif'ted

more than

200

nautical miles eastwards and northwards :from early September to the middle of November (Anon.

1972

^a)o

S.mentella was caught on most of the stations, and the bulk of' the specimens were

14-20

cm long" S ._marinus were caught :i.n smaller numbers than S.rnentella. Lt was most abundant in the Barents Sea, and the length groups

15-2.5

cm dominated the catches (Hylen et al.

1972

a).

Relatively few of the

1969

and

1970

year classes were caught in June 1971 by both bottom and pelagic trawl (Table

,3).

All redi'ish older thd.Il 2 years wer(') caught with bottom trawl, except 6 S.marinus and 1 S.mentella. S.ll1arinus had the highest abundance in the

Norwegian coast area and the lowest in the Barents Sea (Table 3)0 Length groups

15-25

cm corresponding to the year classes

196,3-

1y68 dominated in all areas. Specimens larger than

,30

cm correspon-

dine to year classes 1962 and older were almost lacking in samples from the Barents Soa and the Bear Island/Spi tsbergen art-)a. The leng th groups 11+ .... 25 cm corresponding to year classes 196'3-1968 dominated the ca tcbes 01' S Qmo..!ltell~ .from the Hoar Island/Spi ts- bereen area and the l1arents Sea, but row oJ' these size groups were caught in the Norwegian coast area. ~ishes larger than

'}O cm, yoar classes 19(;:2 ,u1d olcl(~r were only caught in small numbors in the Llareni..s Soa, whilo these dominated the ('atcilos

in tlJe Norweeian coast area. lJowovor, 99(;/~ or tho nUlul)ers cau~ll t

in that arna I-/ore takon in 0110 haul in tl10 sou therl1 part ot' the

-

⁽⁾

-

Bear Island channel. This haul lvas dominated by mature .fisll, and 8.5~~ of' the llumue:t' cuueht wore rOl11alos.

Both young and older redJ.'ish caught in April-May

1972

lvore grouped in S.mentella and S.marinus. However, the year classes

1969, 1970

and

1971

have been kept together in Table

3

to maJce i t possible to compare the data f'rom all survHYso S.mentella older than the

1968

year class were more abundant than S.11lar:inu~ in all areasQ Age samples of' S.menteJ_la caught by bottom trawl in the Dear Island/

Spitsbergen area and the Barents Sea were dominated by the

1966, 1967

and

1969

^{and the}

1968 ... 1971

year classes respectivoly. The S.mentella

consentrations in the Nor\vogian coast aroa were dominated by the same year classes as those in the Barents Sea. Year class composi-

tion of' S .marinus were dif':ferent .from thoso of' S .montella. While the year classes

1971

and

1966

dominatod in the Norwegian coast area, the

1967-1968

and the

196.5-1966

lvore the Illost abundant year classes in thG Bear Island/Spitsbergen area and the Barents Sea respectively.

Only f'ew redf'ish of' the

1969-1971

year class(')s were represented in the pelagic trawl catches f'rom

1972.

Older year classes were only

represented in any numbers among the S .. mentell§, caught in the Norwegian coast area (Table

J).

DISCUSSION

A suitable time of' the year :for estimating the abundance of' prerecruits o.f cod, haddock and rodi'ish by echo surveys, ,,!ill bn wfwn all the recruits or a constant prat o:f them a.re pelagic.

The f)-group 01' th.ese specios are pelagic in August/September, and the echo survoy procouu1~e is sui table 1'01" os tima ti1"1[:, th(~

alJl1nuance a t this timo of the year (Dragosund et al. '1 :)70) • Howover, the abundance f-,sti/lla.tes o/)taineu up to now hy this

technique migllt be improvod Iry introducing the ocho integrator readin-Cti in etitirnatin{~ tilO number 01' fish presont (~lidttull and

i~aJc.k:on 1S!6!"5, 1~'I'1).

- q .' -

Tho O-group cod mld. redrislt are in NOVOIIIlHH' partl'Y polagic and partly in close con tac (; wi t1i. the bo t. tOil!, Ouserva tions a t this

time

or

th(:l year indica to also tlw. t cod llIake diurnal vor (;ical lIIigra.- tion wi thin the 'ITa ierlllasses above i;}w uo t; tom (Hylen et a,1 ⁿ 1')72), and tha to-group cod and redi'ish lla.v(~ a yearly var:La tion in time :for des conding to'lTards tho bo L tom (Baranoll.kova 1957, lJnrgor and Cheremisina 1972). These concli tjOl1S cOlapl ica te the es tillla. tion or

the abundance o.f the O-group :fish both on tho basis or echo surveys and on groundfish surveys.

The strength of' the 1970 and 1971 year classes of' cod 'lTere

according to the O-group f'ish surve)'srich and average respectively (Anon. 1972 a and '1972 b). However, they ,.;rere scarce as 1 year old in the bottom trawl catches from the spring surveys (Table 1).

Their ahu.ndance might thcrei'ore be underestimated. Tt might also be dif'ficul t at this time of' the y<m;r to trace the 1 year old cod on the echo records, because thoy might be pelagic among the capeline HO'lTever, the 2 and 3 year old cod are more congregated

a

in spring, <wd botl~roundf'ish survey and an echo survey might give information of' the abundance o.f these aee groups.

Bo th the O-group fi.sh su:rvey (Anon. 1970) and the Soviet young :fish survey (Baranova 't:J72, Anon .. 1972 r~), have shown that the 1969

year class or haddock is rich and richer than the

1970

year class.

NevertheJ.ess the 1970 year class was more abund.rult in the 1971 samples. Since 1'9\'; haddock were caught in this year, the ma.terial migh t be unrell.able.

The age groups 1, 2 and :3 or haddock were represo.n ted in catches taken ,,,i th bo ttom and. pelgic trawls during the t\-{o spring surveys ^u 1I0wover, the data indica.te that the '1 and ^2. Group ,,,ere better represon tect in. the pelagic trm\Tl catches :CrollJ June tllCUl J'rotn April-l'layu T'his IlIieh t reClec t a tendency ror lladdo ck to leave

the bo 1; tom in 1:JUnIlIlOr fHon tlls ~ ~·;.illlilnr oDsorva tions have also

Ilf)efl Illade by fishormen rishinc wi th longe lino noar Vu.rei,),

w'hl9re '3 y(~ar o1.d ha.d<lock are ta .. k:011 dllrin{~ J\ll)~~Allell::;L at a depth of' 1 O-:~O m. Ilos id.e ^{(:/10 oll~ervod} var:i a tioll ^ill seaso.nal vor tical distri ^{b1l1;ioll j I,} has ^{[1.:lSO l.lo011} -",llOwn that ^1-') year o.Ld lladd.ock have

- 10 -

diurnal vertical Illigra tiOll wi thin {;lie wa tercolumn nnar tile bo t tom durine early au i.,humn and l a Lr! 'dnter (\voodhead 196h). 'rIds compli- cate the interpretation of survey data i'rom this part 01' the year.

The O-group and 1-group redl'ish were represented in the November 1970 catches (Table 3), but the same year classes \vHre scarce in the bottom trawl catches from June 1971. They 1vere also caught with pelagic trawl during the June and April-May survey. However,

their abundanco was higher in sumrnElr than in spring, which indicate that the

1-3

year old red.fish are more pelagic in summer than spring.

\oJhe ther these age groups also undertake diurnal vertical lIligra tion in the watermasses just above the bottolJ1 either in summer or any other part oi' the year is unknown.

Age groups 1-J of cod, haddock and red£ish are to some extent pelagic durine sununer and they do not undertake extensive diurnal vertical migration at this time or the year. Summer could there- i'ore be a sui table time i'or an echo survey wi, th the aime or estima-

ting the abundance of young .fish. However, a summer survey \dll be very close in time to the O-group survey, and i t is worth

\'Ihile to study the possib:i.li ty of combining tlH) O-Broup survey

",i th an echo survey oi' '1-3 year old cod, haddock and redi'ish.

Young cod, haddock and redi'ish are living close to the bottom duri.ng winter both day and night (Bananon}{ova, personal communication).

This time miGht therofore be a su:i. tab] e time roI' a groundf'ish survey. However, the l,roa tl](~r condition can at this time oi' the year be unf'avourable and some part or the potensial area mieht be covered vith ico') conditions which would introduce bias in the ablUldance es tim(;t tes.

Our present knowledGe or tile seasonal vortical dis tI'ibu tion or

young cod, haddock., and rod1'ish and tlw weatJlOr and icn condi tions in the Barer; Ls :";0<:1. ('lnd ad,jacont \vators indicato that· a groundi'ish

survey rnil~Jj L 1)4 carried ou t in Late an tUllm, aJ.'ter tlle \)-g.roup survey"

If' tiorno ()lJsorvaLion 01' UH) l-J croup f1s1l rnit'.llt \Je made during Lhe O-{~r()u p survoy, a l~rO\lJj(l1'l,<)jl survoy cou..I.d be ciesi.:,nedt'or 1 ate autumn in accordancn wi til UIO {~ool~ra.phical dis trlllulioll or rncruits oiJtainnrl o<l.r1 i ur OIl.

Anon. 1970.

Anon. 1972 a.

Anon. 1972 b.

Anon. 1972 ^Co

11 - H1G I" I';IU~N C I~S

Heport or the O-group LLsh survey in tho fJarents Soa

and adjacent ""aters in Angus t-Soptolllber 1y69.

Armis bio1. , ~~pl2!! ^t 26: 2H7-JOO.

Preliminary report of' Joint Soviet-Norwegian O-group 1'ish survoy in the !larents Sea and adjacent Wo) tr;rs in August and September 19'70.

216-222"

J\mll s b i 01 .~ ! C<?~n~-U. :

Preliminary report of' the international O-group 1'ish survey in the 13arents Sea and adjacent waters in August-September 1971. j\lUlls bioI., Copenh., 28:

(In press) •

Report of' the 10th meeting oi' the North-East Arctic Fisheries Working Group. Co~.l\1~et. int •. Couno Exp10r.

Sea, 1972 (FJ) :1-12 CMimeo~ •

Baranenkova, A.S. 1957. li'ore10pig meddelelse om den kvantil~ative ut- bredelse av yngel av torsk og hyse i Barentshavet.

Trudy lIIlU'rnn nf;~:>:. ^{Id o:L. 3} tn., 3: 148-158. (In Hus s ian) • Baranova, Z.P. 1972. Soviet investigations on the abundance 01' young

haddock of' 0, I, IT and 111 age groups ill the

Barents Sea 1969/70. ~1.1s bioI •• Copenh., 2Z:9.5-97.

Benko, Yu.K., Dragesund, 0., Hognestad, PoT., Jones, B., [l.-lonstad, T., Nizovtsev, G"P., 01so11., So a.nd Seliverstov, A.S" 1970.

Distribut:Lon and abundance o.f O-Group :fish in the Barents Sea in Au.gust-September 196.5-1968.

CooP. H.es .. Hep. lnt. S;oun. Exp~or_~ Sea, Ser .. AOLJ ..

S2.:

35-47_

Berge, G., DJ0rke, Ho, Palmork; ^K~l-I., Aaa t E .. , and ^~lonstad, T. 1970.

Lodda og dens milj0f'orho1d i rlarentshavet Illed vedlegg T og TIe Happort f'ra 'G • .Q."S9-rti " _tol\."~_A~~~l'!..-!..:h1..

_:!i~!_J.t.9-i 197.~_}nter}~_r_~...r._t~ 1-9_t J.\ figs. C~lillle~ • Berger, T.S. and Cheremisina~ R.A., 1972~ Dis tribn tion and a.ge oi'

young rodfish, S .. _Ill..£!)_~~;:.~'?: a.nd :~~~i.l.~l:!.~ in the Boar Islund-::ipi tsbereon area ill 1 ~!'70. !bwls bio1.J..

E;..9l)O~h...!J ____ ;Q:1 mi-1 U~.

Dragesund, O. ^FUld 01so11, S. 1^c:():1. On the possibility 01' ostimatinG ynar- class

r1sll.

s Lrength by moasuri.ng cellO-abund<Ulce or O-croup I·iskl>.ir" Skr. Sor. jiavl]nders. 1··1:1p~-b:2.

_________ . ____ ~._ ... _ ... _:J._. ____ .. __ .. _. __ ... _____ .. _ .~_ !...1 ___ . __ _

12

Dragesund, 0., jljid ttun, L

0,

^a.n~ 01sen, S. 19'70. Me tbods i'or os timu ting elis trihu tion and abundm1co of' O-grOLtp i'ish4O

COQp. Hos. Rop4O Tnt., (L<?~ .. Explor. I . S<;lu, SeL~'!"'J!.lJJ..:

2.5-3'-1.

Hylen,A. and Dragosund,

o.

1970. Heoruitment of' young Arcto-Norwegian cod and haddock in relation to parent stock size.

Stool...: ?-Ud rec:ry.itmont,,_ .... Int41 Couno IDxplor. Sea, Symp'., A~h~§J-12_I.Q (19):1-13,21 .figs. (.t\Jimeo·~.

Hylen, A., Jakobsen,

T.,

Lahn-Johannessen, J .. , Smedstad, 0.¹'1. and Srethre, H. 1972 a. Bunn1'iskunders0kelser ved Bj0rll0ya, Spitsbergen og i Barentshavet med F/Ii' "G.O.Sars" 3.-20. novomber 1970. [pemersal 1'ish inves tiga tions in the l.,a ters o1'i' Bear Island

Spitsbergen and in the Barents Sea with H.V. tlGoO.Sarsll 3-20 November 197cg. I"iskets

G~, 5~:

189-202.

Hylen, A., Gj0srether, J . , and Smedstad, O.H. 1972 b. F'iskeriunder-

s0kelser ved Bj0rn0ya, Spitsbergen og i Barentshavet 1.-27. juni 1971. (J'isheries investigations in the waters of'!' Bear Island, Spi tsbergen and in the

Barents Sea 1-27 June 1971~. Fiskets Gang, 58:257-265.

Midttun, L. and Nakl(en,

o.

¹⁹⁶⁸⁰ Counting of' i'i.sh 1.,ith an echo inte- grator. C~·.~." Meet. into Coun. Explore Sea, 1968,

(B17):1-G,,[Mimeo~ •

Midttun, L. and N'akken,

o.

197'1 () On acoustic identii'ication, sizing and abundance estimation of fish" li'iskDir. Skr. ~ero HavUnd~rs .. ., , )6:

36-48 (}

Ponomarenko, l.Ya., 19'70. Influence of feeding and temperature conditions on survival o:l' the "Bottom" cod .fry in the Baronts

Sea. ~~tock and re~n"Uitl1lent •. lnt. Coun. Explore Sea,

!i:.Y.:mp .~arhus., 127Q

(3[)):

1-21, 2 tab.,

5

rigs. Q[imeol • Woodhead, P.M.J. 19G1~. Diurnal changes in trawl catches or rishes.

!{appe __ P-!C,v"

noun ..

Cons. permo int. 1·~xplo_~jI!e..L.L. .. J.j~i:

:35-^Jlh.

T--'r--·'··· _.

I ~,~ t'{,9:~~;·- . 7.8·~ iJ' ^{;~~. I '\.~.'.}

-"1

76'

74 '

72'

f' _x ^J /,>

p

f

d! _.~

\J

_/

~l

~ ,~

')

;~

A

o ^I,

--0"'-

>x

" r

74,

,I

I

i

i

72'1

70'·

B

I~'&

^Q

o--x~)xo

70'

.L~.__ _10' -r.--.'h~:;:~'_-~-- ~ ~

^{, 30' X---ox} ._ . ...,.-.. _ -

,'0' ^68'

78'

7&'·

74'

72'

70'

10'

Fig. 1

'{]

LJ ^:

^{v o 4 I ~}

^c

I

20' 30' ^{40' 50'}

Survey routes and grid of' s ta tio.ns

A: Novcmuer

lY70

1) Ifyflrography 2) Bathythermograph ) Pelagic trawl J,) Bottom trawl

B: June 1 ~)71 1) IJydrography 2) Pelaeic trawl :J) Bo t tom trawl '1).1 co border

c:

April-May 1972. Legend as in Fia_ 1 B.

7af---~~;·~~-rc\~-·

--.- .. -... _-....

····~~··-···l

\\\~l:f" I

^J

0

1/

.J ~t'0."

l

^~"(

76'~ ~~

^f

" ~~ ¹ ~

~

^~-

1~

^~

~ ~o 11 ^~

) -, _{/' 3} (J(~"

2~'~;:_'1 ~j ^I

^U.'.

^J

~~Fs:,~' ^I

:5;0

sa!j

~.~~~l~r--r-, , ,-I_I2£~

10 20' 30' ~O' 50'

A

72'

70'

'C't _7,".,

L-7/ c

71'~

78'

B

7S'

74'

72'

70'

'J~:~~() ^J

. f,~~KY-/

SOL "~ ~

10' /"7<--T

"t"fti.

2'0' ' - - 3 ' 0 ' 'Ir/,,-::>

~~ ~ O~ ~ D ^I~

^50'

.. ^~~/ r; ^o

~

^-I~r

^Si

76'

~

^'.

~ \

,

\ ⁾

/

~\J

^.I

~

76'

7"

72'

70

10'

Ji'ig. 2

--'2.-_\

Il ~-. ^{,). 2}

l'-.~ ~

_{3\~,,_~}

^4T;J,

.~ ~. .) ''''''--,,<.:I§

) _{. .=}

't!l~:)'j.r~"j ·2~./,.. G..~

_{b '",.} '.e."...

.~

,/

0

·,t,oo::.~ ""'-'"~.J .•.. __ "

7"

72'

70"

\~~J (',

~l)UI ^{I •}

3~~ (',.L~.<:~

, ' ~~~~3 ~I"" ~\\ ('0"--""

ⁱ

/' "~:-(.. ^{'; ••} ~:'~_..J ^{\ . .}

,',\.:; ''',. "--"'. ^{' . -} ,-

·r,,:,.;,lII.\ " ~" '_ ,

. y~.;::-- ~"

A;O·

30' 10'

~~':J..:/:"

^+,_

'>;~.""

" " ' .

~

~~)f

^{" ' , '}

p

l~"'"

_:'-"",__ '0

~ ^~

^---30'

-~

^'0

~ 10' io'

Distribution of temperature

A .. June 1971, 50 m DOl June 1971, 200 m C. April-May 1972, 100 ^III

D. J\pril-~lay 1972, 10 ^III above tho bottom

78'

76'

7. '

72'

~/" ^.'

-"-;\-,

~ ,\. ' • .., ^{\ 'le, ,} " I I " ^{'. \}

'\i\A~;" ~ .

~ ^{~:~~~' . \ I}

^'\~~

^{J C'U}

^'c-I

. ..._ ....

^~:~~-

.. ··---··1

...

3 1It11l1t A

5_ -

.... "'~~ ^...

~"""""'L

.,*#,.: , ...

··l.. .. .-...

m ...

:.~.

j ... ^'~';

" :,.,

:: jE).

... il=="n

. . . . : .

, ... •

¥,.,~""Ttl'F.""~.-'tl/i.:~'HHI/I.;:'

^{.. /}

";~

.

^~

.

B

76'1 I

.i I 7~·1 i

I I

72'~ C.

J

'·1

0

I ~-lj:-' ¹ ~ <)('tv; __ ._

~~\i' YV·";',-.? ~--

^"-I.T-

"'''~l ':.I)Ii, , _.- 30'

' i 20'

;0 "'1'0-

1\

78·

7t-

74·' .

7t·

"I-

10·

F'ig. J

it J

<.' .

.y\ \'j

,

U::

~ ff~

vvv

20· ^~.~

1 2 3 4 5

C

• ~L...,.

40·

. - - - - -

~-.. -

~ ,

.

}<,jcho abundance

or

dOlllersal 1'is11 species ..

50·

A$ November 1970. Integrator values '3 ) 1 O-;!O,

4)

;~O-IIO, ~j)

40

1)

0-5,

2) 5-10,

H.

June 1971. Integrator values:

1) 0-5,

2)

5-10,

J) 10-20 C. April-~\Jay l~n;! • .integrator values: 1) 0-10, 2) 10-20,

~}) ;!O-50, l,)

>:)0

⁵⁾ Ice bord(~r

Table 1. Number 0:1' co'i ""',".ht per hour trawling. c;, c:i ~~ :::-YEAR CLASSES ~'ISlI ING AREAS -<

§p

1971 1970 1969 1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 -rotal --r--- ~~~~~~12Z~ Spitsbergen 7

-

26 3 +

-

+ + 112 21

-

9:1 Dear Island 11

-

86 )0 1 2 1 1 8 9 lj 1!12 Barents Sea 12

-

139 11 5 9 2 2 8 1 + 177 Total 30

-

93 16 2 4 1 1 16 8 1 1!, :2 ~~~~_~2n ~ Bear Island/ :$ Spitsbergen 19

-

5 !~2 7 + + 1 10 7 1 0:.! ~ Norwegian coast 3

-

1 11:1 2) 22 1} 1:1 50 G + 1/, ~i :.0: Baren ts Sea 13

-

1) 11 2 1 + 1 0 :l 1 !p) 8 ~ Total 1') -1') ?') 7 1 2 2 l~ .5 + ~1 ~~~~~=~~L12Z~ llear Island/ Spi tsbergell 5

-

2'16 C'~ 28 2 1 + 7 J 2 r76 U/ Norwegian coast,()x 9(0) 1 ~ 1 ) '?:3 ( :~ c.i) 49~J4{ !j81

IF)

182PO) 61 (J) 2.5~ +)

1~~:~

7 ( 1) 6(+) :;(;!, ( \(;5) Barents Sea ()xx 19(1G) 10 11) 352(1:-!11) 166 16 10 J) + +) +(+) + .) +(+)

-

oDl ( I h~.I) Total ()xxx 33 (31) 6(6) 2116(118) In(29) 142(25) ,.O(S} 1-( 1) ~ (+ i ,,( 1 ) :!( +) :!i+) ()()'J (1 b,~) ':!~~~_!2'Z1 ~ Dear Island/ 0,5 ~ Spitsbereen

- - - - - - - - - -

- ~ Non .... egitlll coast l~. 5

-

+ 23 1 !I 6 1 2 6 1

-

')'3 ::-' Barents Sea 5.J

-

2

- - - - -

1 1

-

!j 0 H ~ Total 10.3

-

1 10 6 3 + 1 J 1

-

2') rj '\pril-Nay 1972 ~

---

Boar Island/ Spitsbergen 4

-

210 18

- - - - - - -

;228 :~orwegian coas t 8

-

4 )~ 81 16 ;!

-

+

= =

137 Jarents Sea 11 + 12 +

- - -

15 Total ;!) + 44 15 28 5 1

-

+

- -

9^{1 1} UStati~ 112 excluded. ()xx Station 81 l'excluded.

0 ... ."..,. 112 and 84 excludod.

Tablc 2. Nwnber of haddock caught per hour tra, ... li.ng -_ .. ~ r-YEAR CLASSES :tl....l FISllIl\G AHI~AS ::::~ --.-'" =< 1971 1970 1969 1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 TOTAL S;=: ~~;:.s!.!!!?£!_.!212 Spitsbcrccn 7

-

59 71 1

- - - - - -

131 IJear Tsland 11

-

57 319 3 2

- - - - -

381 Barcnts Sca 12

-

.5 50 3 15 + + 4 + + 78

:;

1'0 tal :;; :!::!~~_.!2Z.!

10

-

37 15h 2 7 + + 1 + + 201 .'. !lcnr Js] and/Spi'tsbcrecn 19

-

2 6 +

-

+

- - - -

9 c !\or";cgian cons t J

-

16 67 10 lLI

- - - - -

107 -, Barcnts Sea 13

-

140 75 + +

- - - - -

216 /'0 tal 35

-

5'> 37 1 1 +

- - - -

94 ~!?~!.!::~:;L~2Z~ Ilear .I s lruld/Spi tshergen 5 + 2

~

" -

+ +

- - - -

10 :"or,,,·cgiaJl C'!oas t 9 50 77 158 "7 19 1

-

+

- -

312 lIa1"'11 ts Sea 1 ~) 2 94 138 2 1 +

- - -

+ 237 TOLal 33 15 75 123 3 () 223

._.-

+

-

+

-

+ _ ... '~~~=_~2:Z~ lI('ar .[ 51 ill'lCl/Spi tsbergcn 0.5

- - - - - - - - - - -

~ t\or' .... cCiall coas t 1·.5

-

3 18 + 2 +

- - - -

211

--

Uarcnts Sca 5.3

-

19 25 +

-

+

- - - -

115 Total 10.3

-

11 21 + 1 +

- - - -

35 .,

"

::!e::g::~~L.!.2Z~

:3

Bear ]sland/Spi.tsbergcn It

-

7 1

- - - - - - -

8 l\o:nffleinll coast 8 1 5 73 2 3 +

- - - -

b ... Q. U.'lrents Sca 11 1 12 1 14 +

- - - - - -

Total -------~ 2:L + ...3 9 1 1 +

- - - -

15 ____ ~ __ -_. -

,; Table 3. Number of' red:fish caught per hour tra\ding. SHALL REDFISH SEBASTES ~!ARINUS SEBASTES HENTELLA -

,

YEAR CLASSES YEAH CLASSES YEAR CLASSES FISHING AREAS 1971 1970 1969 Total 1968-63 1962 + Total 1968-63 1962 + Total ~~~~~~~~_!2Z~ Spitsbergen 7

-

31 35 65 10 10 29 29 Bear Island 11

-

15 85 100 4 4 40 40 13arcnts Sea 12

-

175 66 241 34 34 29 29 Total 30

-

80 66 148 1'1-14 3~ 34 ~~~!_!2Z! ~ Bear Island/Spitsbereen 19

-

7 10 22 38 3 41 2531 56 2587 l\or\1egian coas t 3

-

5 17 18 70 119 119 10 68 78 <: ilarents Sea 13 12 17 29 4 2 5 67 1 68 ~

-

-'. Total 35

-

8 16 24 28 7 35 1399 37 1437 f: ~ ~~~g=~~L!2Z~ (:, :::. Boar Isl<Uld/Spitsbergen 78 829 624 624 5 2 912 21 + 21

-

l\oI"\~egian coas t C) 87 19 24 132 27 8 35 32

-

32 l3arents Sea 19 70 41 35 1116 9 + 9 32

-

32 Total 33 65 41 152 25ti 15 2 18 125

-

125 :!!!~!;_.!2Z! Dear Island/Spitsbergen 0.5

- - - - - - - - - -

l\orwegian coast If.5

-

22 8 30 3 2 6 + + 1 13arents Sea 5.3

-

i 7 8 25

- - - - - -

~ <: Total .-.19.2

-

18 8 26 1 1 2 + + + ~ ~E~g~~L.!2Z~ C) H Bear Island/Spitsbergen 4

-

10 4 14

- - -

7

-

7 ~ Norwegian coast

I

⁸

8 3 5 16 5 5 10 504

-

504 ....l Barents Sea 11 4 2 10 15

- - -

10

-

10 I'::l Po. Total. --_ 1_21 5 4 7 15 2 2 1 181

-

_18_1 __