Appendix A: Buckling factor as a function of λ…………...…………..………i Appendix B: Rated load on available area……..………...……….…iii Appendix C: Traditional method for sizing of guide rails …………...………...………v Appendix D: Mathematical relationships in Mathcad……….…………xi Appendix E: Validation of method by mail …………...……….……xxviii Appendix F: Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis ………...……xix Appendix G: Specifications for PNO1967…………...………..………xxxiii Appendix H: Deflection results from FEM-simulation …………...………..………xxxv Appendix I: Tentative title and abstract for article …………...………...…………xlv
Appendix A – Buckling factor as a function of λ
i
ii
Appendix B – Rated load on available area
iii
iv
Appendix C – Traditional method for sizing of guide rails
v
Appendix C – Traditional method for sizing of guide rails
vi
Appendix C – Traditional method for sizing of guide rails
vii
Appendix C – Traditional method for sizing of guide rails
viii
Appendix C – Traditional method for sizing of guide rails
ix
Appendix C – Traditional method for sizing of guide rails
x
Appendix D – Mathematical relationships in Mathcad
xi
xii
Appendix E – Validation of method by mail
xiii
Appendix E – Validation of method by mail
xiv
Appendix E – Validation of method by mail
xv
Appendix E – Validation of method by mail
xvi
Appendix E – Validation of method by mail
xvii
xviii
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xix
Flip page!
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xx
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxi
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxii
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxiii
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxiv
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxv
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxvi
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxvii
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxviii
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxix
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxx
Appendix F – Matrices for automatic sizing of guide rails for loads on x-x axis
xxxi
xxxii
Appendix G – Specifications for PNO1967
xxxiii
Main deck3 Loa145m Breadth Mld.20m Depth bulchead6,8m Rotation axis from BL3,4m Passanger liftPL1PL2PL3Service liftSL1SL2SL3 TypeTractionTractionTractionTypeTractionTractionTraction Trunk size, LxW2300x24002500x21002500x2100mmTrunk size, LxW2100x16002100x16002100x2100mm Car size, LxWxH1525x1525x22002030x1370x22002030x1370x2200mmCar size, LxWxH1350x1100x22001350x1100x22001350x1100x2200mm Speed1 / 1,61 / 1,61 / 1,6m/sSpeed1 / 1,61 / 1,61 / 1,6m/s Travelling height14,717,717,7mTravelling height14,714,714,7m Deck travel3 to 83 to 93 to 9Deck travel2 to 73 to 83 to 8 Stops677Stops666 Shaft head370037003700mmTop360036003600mm Pit110011001100mmPit110011001100mm Distance to mass18,621,621,6mDistance to mass15,818,618,6m Capacity100012001200kgCapacity600600600kg Car weight140016001600kgCar weight110011001100kg Absolut weight240028002800kgAbsolut weight170017001700kg CW190022002200kgCW140014001400kg
Vard PNO1967 "Sunshine"
Appendix G – Specifications for PNO1967
xxxiv
Estimation PL1Longitudinal140018,6T90/B1,889,72,5637 PL2Longitudinal160021,6T90/B1,7103,62,6443 PL3Longitudinal160021,6T90/B1,7103,62,6443 CW - PL1Transverse190018,6T90/B1,6120,92,5137 CW - PL2Transverse220021,6T90/B1,5140,52,5743 CW - PL3Transverse220021,6T90/B1,5140,52,5743 SL1Transverse110015,8T90/B281,82,6637 SL2Transverse110018,6T90/B287,52,8437 SL3Transverse110018,6T90/B287,52,8437 CW - SL1Transverse140015,8T70-1/A1,5150,92,7537 CW - SL2Transverse140018,6T70-1/A1,5161,52,9537 CW - SL3Transverse140018,6T70-1/A1,5161,52,9537 ProcurementT70-1/AT75-3/BT82/BT89/BT90/BT114/BT125/B Nr of GR á 5 m2372 Weight [kg]10124896 Price [EUR]156411098
Height, Z[m]Weight, W[kg]BRK directionElevator/CWGR length needed, h[m]Deflection [mm]Stress [Mpa]BRK distance, l[m]GR Dimention
Appendix F – Deflection results from FEM-simulation
xxxv
Flip page!
Appendix F – Deflection results from FEM-simulation
xxxvi Load case 1: Direct load on x-x
Welded bracket:
Appendix F – Deflection results from FEM-simulation
xxxvii Adjustable bracket:
Appendix F – Deflection results from FEM-simulation
xxxviii Load case 2: Direct load on y-y
Welded bracket:
Appendix F – Deflection results from FEM-simulation
xxxix Adjustable bracket:
Appendix F – Deflection results from FEM-simulation
xl Load case 3: Centered load on x-x
Welded bracket:
Appendix F – Deflection results from FEM-simulation
xli Adjustable bracket:
Appendix F – Deflection results from FEM-simulation
xlii Load case 4: Centered load on y-y
Welded bracket:
Appendix F – Deflection results from FEM-simulation
xliii Adjustable bracket:
Appendix F – Deflection results from FEM-simulation
xliv Load case 5: Vertical drag with slip
Welded bracket:
Adjustable bracket:
APPENDIX I – Tentative title and abstract for article
xlv Title: Optimization of Elevator Guide Systems for Marine Installations
Abstract
A gap in knowledge is identified amounts the suppliers of marine elevators in Norway.
Traditionally, their methods are based on the expertise from land-based installations, where the dimensions of the critical components are increased drastically in order to compensate for the potential impacts caused by the maritime conditions. In relation to this, there are reason to suspect over-engineering that effects both the weight and cost of the finished products. In order to get an installation certified, the system must be validated against the requirements for marine operations set by a certification society. When the maritime conditions are introduced, the elevator components responsible for maintaining the structural stability is referred to as the Elevator Guide System. This system contains a set of guide rails that shall provide a sufficient support of the moving elements within the shaft and several brackets along the guide that connects the rail to the trunk wall.
An extensive study on existing standards related to the issue is conducted in order to identify the essential requirements and how they relate to the application. Based on this research, the mathematical relationships are defined and applied for the appropriate components in order to develop an optimized method for sizing of the guide rails. In addition, a structural analysis is performed for the system, using two alternative constructions for the bracket solution. The alternative methods for executing the installation of the guide system are defined as four separate concepts that are assessed against the principles of complexity, risk and cost.
The analytic results reviled an applicable and highly effective method for sizing of the guide rails, where the optimal dimension within the requirements is suggested for any given project.
The conducted FEM-simulation provided a sufficient validation for both bracket solutions against the applied worst-case load conditions that were identified. An estimation of the potential savings across the concepts for installation indicated a significant difference in expenditures related to the applied specifications on sizing method and bracket solution.
The assessment carried out in this study suggests that the concepts based on the traditional method of sizing should not be considered for future installations as the overall reduction potential indicates a substantial advantage of implementing the optimized method, which has been approved by DNV GL as an appropriate method for validation. In addition, the applied bracket solution can severely influence the installation time. However, the preferred bracket is only applicable for elevator trunks with smooth surfaces, which really is the case, as shipyards tend to locate the necessary stiffeners on the inside of the elevator shaft. To resolve this issue, the supplier should address this in the early stages of a project, indicating the bracket placement. In doing so, the opportunity of implementing the best possible solution for each individual installation should be made feasible.